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文学
单选题That is another topic that will come ______ discussion.
单选题A ALL CITIES Discount Hauling and Demolition (818) 201-7079 or (310) 365-6606 or (661) 212-6200 www. allcitieshauling.com/ Southern California's Preferred Hauling & Demolition Company. Specializing in Construction Site Clean Up, Demolition and Hauling services for Contract Ors, Real Estate Companies and "Do It Your-Selfers." · Real Estate Clean Outs · Hillside, Yard & Lot Clearing · Demolition Services · Bulky Item Pick Up Service · Concrete Demolition · Disaster Clean Up Service · Trash & Debris Removal · Home & Business Clean Out · Furniture & Equipment Disposal · Prompt & Professional · Licensed, Insured · Headache Free Service CALL TODAY FOR YOUR FREE ESTIMATE B Golden Touch Construction (877) 88-GOLDEN www. gtcabinets.com We are family owned and operated, with our own custom cabinet and granite fabrication facilities to insure that the process is efficient and of high quality. Let our exceptional design team design you the kitchen of your dreams ! We specialize in: · New Custom Cabinets (For kitchens, bathrooms, home entertainment centers, bars, etc. ) · Custom Re-facing (Give your tired kitchen a new look! )
单选题The mental health movement in the United States began with a period of considerable enlightenment. Dorothea Dix was shocked to find the mentally ill in jails and almshouses and crusaded for the establishment of asylums in which people could receive humane care in hospital-like environments and treatment which might help restore them to sanity. By the mid-1800s 20 states had established asylums. But during the late 1800s and early 1900s, in the face of economic depression, legislatures were unable to appropriate sufficient funds for decent care. Asylums became overcrowded and prison-like. Additionally, patients were more resistant to treatment than the pioneers in the mental health field had anticipated, and security and restraint were needed to protect patients and others. Mental institutions became frightening and depressing places in which the fights of patients were all but forgotten. These conditions continued until after World War Ⅱ. At that time, new treatments were discovered for some major mental illnesses considered untreatable (penicillin for syphilis of the brain and insulin treatment for schizophrenia and depressions), and a succession of books, motion pictures, and newspapers called attention to the plight of the mentally ill. Improvements were made, and Dr. David Vail's Humane Practices Programme is a beacon for today. But changes were store in coming until the early 1960s. At that time, the Civil Rights Movement led lawyers to investigate America's prisons, which were disproportionately populated by blacks, and they in turn followed prisoners into the institutions that were worse than the hospitals for the criminally insane. The prisons were filled with angry young men who, encouraged by legal support, were quick to demand their fights. The hospitals for the criminally insane, by contrast, were populated with people who were considered "crazy" and who were often kept obediently in their place through the use of severe bodily restraints and large dose of major tranquillizers. The young cadre of public interest lawyers liked their role in the mental hospitals. The lawyers found a population that was both passive and easy to champion. These were, after all, people who, unlike criminals, had done nothing wrong. And in many states, they were being kept in horrendous institutions, an injustice, which, once exposed, was hound to shock the public and, particularly, the judicial conscience. Judicial interventions have had some definite positive effects, but there is growing awareness that courts cannot provide the standards and the review mechanisms that assure good patient care. The details of providing day-to-day care simply cannot be mandated by a court, so it is time to take from the courts the responsibility for delivery of mental heath care and assurance of patient fights and return it to the state mental health administrators to whom the mandate was originally given. Though it is a difficult task, administrators must undertake to write rules and standards and to provide the training and surveillance to assure that treatment is given and patient rights are respected.
单选题"One fatal Tree there stands of Knowledge call"d,/Forbidden them to taste: knowledge forbidden?" is written by______.
单选题It is a fair bet that more than half of the PCs bought this Christmas in America for less than $1 000 will have AMD rather than Intel inside. Not content with this seasonal miracle, Advanced Micro Devices is bidding to loosen Intel's grip on the more profitable high end of the market too. It could well succeed. For most of its existence, AMD has lived in the shadow of the deal that it did with Intel in 1982. To power its PCs, IBM had decided to buy Intel's new x-86 chips, but wanted a second supplier to keep Intel under control. Under the terms of the agreement, Intel got the contract, but had to share its intellectual property with the smaller AMD. Intel broke the arrangement, AMD started a lawsuit, and thus began nearly a decade of bitter legal battles between the two companies. The conflict misrepresented AMD's business, absorbed management energy and weakened investor confidence. By selling cheap Intel clones(克隆产品), AMD staggered (蹒跚，摇晃) on, sometimes quite successfully, especially if Intel was late to market with a new product. But despite the support of computer makers complaining under Intel's dominance, trying to get a lift on the back of an ill-tempered 8001b gorilla(大猩猩) was proving a risky form of existence. Eventually, under a settlement in 1995, AMD gave up any rights to Intel microcode. It was confident that its home-grown k5 would give Intel's Pentium a run for its money, while a new $1.8 billion plant in Texas would meet demand and match Intel's manufacturing skills. It did not. Design faults put the k5 more than two years behind the Pentium, and the Austin plant lay largely idle.
单选题Doctor Godmin says that (no matter) (how forceful) arguments (against) smoking there are, many people (persist) in smoking.A. no matterB. how forcefulC. againstD. persist
单选题But for the heavy rain, we_______.
单选题I had trouble ______ the letter. His handwriting is very had.
单选题Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960s and 70s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation world-wide has decreased significantly.
A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic snow were declining.
In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.
In a study published in the journal
Ambio
, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.
Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.
The authors of the
Ambio
study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.
Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.
单选题It's obvious that humans are fundamentally different from other animal species. It's not so easy, though, to identify the traits that make human beings so special. Scientists realized long ago that other animals make tools, play jokes and even have a sense of justice and altruism—all things we once thought were unique to our species. Now a paper in the journal Current Biology has added another behavior to the list of what other animals share with us—and this one isn't quite so charming. After years of field observations in Uganda's Kibale National Park, John Mitani of the University of Michigan and several colleagues have concluded that chimps wage war to conquer new territory. "We already knew that chimps kill each other," says Mitani. "We've known this for a long time." What scientists didn't know for certain, at least in cases in which groups of chimps banded together to kill others, was why. One hypothesis, advanced more than a decade ago by anthropologist Richard Wrangham, was the idea of territorial conquest; circumstantial evidence from both Gombe and Mahale national parks in Tanzania bolstered the theory. In Mahale, for example, male members of one group mysteriously vanished, and another group then expanded into what had been their land. In Gombe, an existing group dissolved into civil war, resulting in killings and land takeovers. What's especially chilling about the observation is that the murder rate appears to be so high. The anthropologists couldn't be certain of how big a band the victims belonged to because they weren't used to a human presence and thus couldn't be accurately counted. But even a conservative estimate suggests that the death rate is significantly higher than you would see in war between human hunter-gatherer groups. Mitani isn't oblivious to the lesson some people might draw from the study. "Invariably, some will take this as evidence that the roots of aggression run very deep," he says, and therefore conclude that war is our evolutionary destiny. "Even if that were true," says Mitani, "we operate by a moral code that chimps don't have." Apart from that, he points out, the Pan troglodytes chimps he studies are one of two subspecies. The other is called Pan paniscus, also known as bonobos, and, says Mitani, "the latter, as far as we know, aren't nearly as aggressive with respect to intergroup relations. Yet they're equally close to us." That means that if we're wired for warfare, we're wired for peace too. Ultimately, the route we choose is still up to us.
单选题What the author mainly intends to say in the first paragraph is ______.
单选题Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line, and others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit. He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆). He looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Tom' s workmates came in and sat with Tom. "What time is your bus?"asked Mike. "There's plenty of time yet,"answered Tom. "Well,I'11 get you some more tea then,"said Mike. They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. "Oh! It' s going backward!" he cried. "A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it' s half past eleven. " He was puzzled on that. "You' re looking at the clock in the mirror. "said Mike. Tom was so sorry for that. The next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.
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单选题If we can ______ our present difficulties, then everything should be
all right.
A. get off
B. come across
C. come over
D. get over
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单选题Tomcoulddosomebrilliant_______ofourEnglishteacher.
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单选题Just because you" re better educated doesn" t mean that you" re any more rational than everyone else, no matter how hard you may try to give that impression. Take the selection of lottery numbers. A survey in Florida described at this year" s annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science shows that better educated people try to use random number systems to pick their lottery numbers. Despite the apparent logic of choosing random numbers, however, their chances of winning are no better than those of ordinary folk who use birthdays, anniversaries and other "lucky" dates. Nor are they better off than those who draw on omens and intuitions, picking numbers seen on car number-plates and in dreams. But no doubt they feel a lot more rational. That appearance of "rationality" may be a dangerous thing. Scientists are not immune to subtle and subjective influences on their judgements. Take the data from a survey of the public and member of the British Society of Toxicology discussed at the same meeting. The survey showed that most people agree with the view that animals can be used to help predict how human will react to chemicals, and that if a chemical causes cancer in an animal, we can be "reasonably sure" it will cause cancer in humans. The toxicologists, however, are more circumspect. They accept the fast statement but less likely to agree that if a chemical causes cancer in an animal, it will do so in a human. Can this difference be attributed to their expertise? Perhaps. But consider the considerable variation among toxicologists: those who were young, female, working in academia rather than industry or who felt that technology is not always used for the good of all, were more likely to agree that what causes cancer in an animal will cause cancer in a human. Maybe we need to think more about how who we are affects our "rational" decisions.
单选题Cartons are comparatively light, ______ and more ______ . A．inconvenient, impact B．convenient, compact C．compact, convenient D．impact, inconvenient
单选题______ a young woman, the office was empty.
单选题A gloomy afternoon saw me taking my routine path through that construction site. For the walker's convenience, a set of stone steps had been built, which were fairly steep. That was the place I found myself behind a husband and wife climbing up the steps with each other's support. The couple seemed to be farmers in their forties. The wife in a red coat was walking with a stick, an empty trouser leg swaying below. With one hand on his shoulder, she leaned almost entirely on her husband, who carefully kept balance with her and carried her other stick. They limped (跛行) their way upward with great difficulty. My curiosity urged me to overtake them and look back over my shoulder secretly. The glance sent a shiver through me, which produced a sensation I had never experienced before. The husband himself was also disabled—blind in both eyes! What struck me even more was the smile they both wore on their faces, such a happy smile as could only be seen from brides and bridegrooms. With few words between them, they smilingly helped each other struggle upwards. Then I noticed there were patches on their clothes, and their cloth shoes were homemade, worn-out but tidy. How could such sweet smiles reconcile (使和谐) with the patched clothing or the physical handicap? I got quite puzzled. When they advanced far ahead I still couldn't tear my eyes away from them, I was moved and my heart filled with admiration. At that moment I suddenly realized how superficial my idea of happiness had been! To me it had always been associated with wealth, fame and power, the poor and the lowly having no share of it. However, happiness can be found in very ordinary life. I witnessed it on the weather-beaten faces of the husband and wife who had shared happiness and misfortune together. There is always happiness when there is an unfailing mutual support between two persons in love.
单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}}
Both civilization and culture are
fairly modem words, having come into prominent use during the 19th century by
anthropologists (人类学家), historians, and literary figures. There has been a
strong tendency to use them interchangeably as though they mean the same thing,
but they are not the same. Although modem in their usage, the
two words derived from ancient Latin. The word civilization is based on the
Latin civis, of a city. Thus civilization, in its most essential meaning, is the
ability of people to live together harmoniously in cities, in social groupings.
From this definition it would seem that certain insects, such as ants or bees,
are also civilized. They live and work together in social groups. So do some
microorganisms. But there is more to civilization, and that is what culture
brings to it. So, civilization is inseparable from culture. The
word culture is derived from the Latin verb colere, "to till the soil". But
colere also has a wider range of meanings. It may, like civis, mean inhabiting a
town or village. But most of its definitions suggest a process of starting and
promoting growth and development. One may cultivate a garden; one may also
cultivate one's interests, mind, and abilities. In its modern use the word
culture refers to all the positive aspects and achievements of humanity that
make mankind different from the rest of the animal world. Culture has grown out
of creativity, a characteristic that seems to be unique to human
beings. One of the basic and best-known features of civilization
and culture is the presence of tools. But more important than their simple
existence is that the tools are always being improved and enlarged upon, a
result of creativity. It took thousands of years to get from the first wheel to
the latest, most advanced model of automobile. It is the concept
of humans as toolmakers and improvers that differentiates them from other
animals. A monkey may use a stick to knock a banana from a tree, but that stick
will never, through a monkey's cleverness, be modified into a hook or a ladder.
Monkeys have never devised a spoken language, written a book, composed a melody,
built a house, or painted a portrait. To say that birds build nests and beavers
(海狸) their dens is to miss the point. People once lived in caves, but their
cleverness, imagination, and creativity led them to progress beyond caves to
buildings.
单选题Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert?A．it youB．not youC．youD．that you
单选题They got there without any difficulty with the guide ______ the way.
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单选题{{B}}Part A{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read tile following four
texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your
answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.{{B}}Text 1{{/B}}
Nuclear weapons were first developed in
the United States during the Second World War, to be used against Germany.
However, by the time the first bombs were ready for use, the war with Germany
had ended and, as a result, the decision was made to use the weapons against
Japan instead. Hiroshima and Nagasaki have suffered the consequences of this
decision to the present day. The real reasons why bombs were
dropped on two heavily-populated cities are not altogether clear. A number of
people in 1944 and early 1945 argued that the use of nuclear weapons would be
unnecessary, since American Intelligence was aware that some of the most
powerful and influential people in Japan had already realized that the war was
lost, and wanted to negotiate a Japanese surrender. It was also argued that,
since Japan has few natural resources, a blockade by the American navy would
force it to surrender within a few weeks, and the use of nuclear weapons would
thus prove unnecessary. If a demonstration of forcewas required to end the war,
a bomb could be dropped over an unpopulated area like a deserr, in front of
Japanese observers, or over an area of low population inside Japan, such as a
forest. Opting for this course of action might minimize the loss of further
lives on all sides, while the power of nuclear weapons would still be adequately
demonstrated. All of these arguments were rejected, however, and
the general consensus was that the quickest way to end the fighting would be to
use nuclear weapons against canters of population inside Japan. In fact, two of
the more likely reasons why this decision was reached seem quite shocking to us
now. Since the beginning of the Second World War both Germany
and Japan had adopted a policy of genocide (i. e. killing as many people as
possible, including civilians). Later on, even the US and Britain had used the
strategy of fire bombing cities (Dresden and Tokyo, for example) in order to
kill, injure and intimidate as many civilians as possible. Certainly, the
general public in the West had become used to hearing about the deaths of large
numbers of people, so the deaths of another few thousand Japanese, who were the
enemy in any case, would not seem particularly unacceptable—a bit of
"justifiable" revenge for the Allies' own losses, perhaps. The
second reason is not much easier to comprehend. Some of the leading scientists
in the world had collaborated to develop nuclear weapons, and this development
had resulted in a number of major advances in technology and scientific
knowledge. As a result, a lot of nor-mal, intelligent people wanted to see
nuclear weapons used; they wanted to see just how destructive this new invention
could be. It no doubt turned out to be even more "effective" than they had
imagined.
单选题The history of African—Americans during the past 400 years is traditionally narrated (1) an ongoing struggle against (2) and indifference on the part of the American mainstream, and a struggle (3) as an upward movement is (4) toward ever more justice and opportunity. Technology in and of (5) is not at fault; it's much too simple to say that gunpowder or agricultural machinery or fiber optics (6) been the enemy of an (7) group of people. A certain machine is put (8) work in a certain way—the purpose (9) which it was designed. The people who design the machines are not intent on unleashing chaos; they are usually trying to (10) a task more quickly, cleanly, or cheaply, (11) the imperative of innovation and efficiency that has ruled Western civilization (12) the Renaissance. Mastery of technology is second only (13) money as the true measure of accomplishment in this country, and it is very likely that by (14) this under-representation in the technological realm, and by not questioning and examining the folkways that have (15) it, blacks are allowing. (16) to be kept out of the mainstream once again. This time, however, they will be (17) from the greatest cash engine of the twenty-first century. Inner-city blacks in particular are in danger, and the beautiful suburbs (18) ring the decay of Hartford, shed the past and learn to exist without contemplating or encountering the tragedy of the inner city. And blacks must change as well. The ways that (19) their ancestors through captivity and coming to freedom have begun to loose their utility. If blacks (20) to survive as full participants in this society, they have to understand what works now.
单选题MT may commit those errors that no human translators would commit, such as wrong pronouns, wrong prepositions, garbled syntax, incorrect choice of terms, plurals instead of singulars.
单选题{{B}}Text 4{{/B}}
Like all quintessentially British
things, gardening is a pastime that has long been in decline. From a high point
of ￡5 billion in 2001, spending on plants, tools and garden furniture has fallen
every year since then, to around ~3 billion in 2008．The arrival of economic
recession only deepened the gloom: to credit-crunched consumers, shrubs and
hanging baskets seemed obvious candidates for cuts. Yet
the latest figures from the Horticultural Trades Association (HTA) suggest a
bumper year for garden-related expenditure is in the making. Sales volumes were
up by 21% in March and 28% in April compared with the same months a year
earlier. This was not the result of deep discounting, a strategy that many other
retailers have been adopting. The value of garden goods sold was 37% higher in
March and 42% higher in April than a year earlier, whereas the value of all
sales had increased by just 3% in April. Datamonitor, a market-research firm,
reckons that gardening will continue to outperform the rest of retailing for at
least the next two years. Much of the good news is due to
the weather, admits Tim Briercliffe, the HTA's director of business development.
Last year the vital spring months were damp and miserable; this year sunshine
(and weathermen's prediction of a hot summer) has boosted custom. But the
economic downturn itself has turned out to be as much a blessing as a curse.
Gardening may be a luxury, argues Mr. Briercliffe, but it competes with other,
more expensive luxuries. "People who might have otherwise booked a city break to
Prague are staying at home and making the best of what they have," he maintains.
According to Ipsos MORI, a pollster, three-quarters of people plan to spend at
least as much on their garden this year as last. Economic
hardship has created a new breed of gardener too. Partly, that reflects people
making the most of their enforced leisure: "We get some unemployed city types
who are just filling time while looking for another job," admits a garden-centre
worker near the London commuter town of Guilford. But there are more positive
developments. Much of the growth in garden spending has come from the under-35s,
not traditionally a green-fingered demographic. One explanation is that
environmentalism and thriftiness have made growing vegetables trendy, an idea
that is supported by growing shortage of allotments. But
there is more to it than pleasant weather and belt-tightening. The HTA
detects deeper, and darker, changes in the national psyche. Citing
research from the Future Foundation, a prognosticatory consultancy, it reckons
that people are spending more time in their homes, fortifying them into havens
from an unwelcoming world haunted by crime, bureaucracy and rising unemployment.
The longer the downturn persists, the greener the grass may grow.
单选题The line "studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability" is written by____.
单选题Every year in the U.S. , colleges and graduate schools continue to highly______trained people to compete for jobs that are not there. As a result, graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained.
单选题Their watch is______to all the other watches on the market.
单选题Man: Jenny, why do you often watch talk shows?
Woman: They make me laugh and sometimes crack me up, and I have learned a lot from their talks.
Question: Why does the woman like watching talk shows?
单选题That Microsoft's three tasks are colliding is reflected in the fact that______.
单选题Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts ; they rely on depositors(储户) not to demand payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be enough money to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it. Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone, People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers' windows. The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money from the bank. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.
单选题Certainly, the most popular method of traveling used by Americans is the privately-owned automobile. The vast majority of Americans have a car, and many families have two. (31) during your visit to the United States, you may decide to rent a car to travel outside the city or to travel to other parts of the country. Car rental companies are (32) in the telephone book and are located in most cities and towns. (33) , there are usually rental cars at airports and train and bus stations. As is true everywhere in the world, you can rent a car (34) the day, week, or month. Some companies (35) have special weekend rates that you may find especially interesting if you have only a limited (36) of time to travel around the area you are visiting. Since each company has its own rules and rates, it is a good idea to (37) prices among companies to get the best rates to. suit your purposes. For example, most car rental costs (38) how long you plan to keep the car and how far you travel. However, some companies may include gasoline in their rates, but (39) do not. Some companies require that you (40) the car to its starting point; others will permit you to leave the car in another city.
单选题Linens should complement your dinnerware. The underlined word means ______. A. be the same color as B. hide defects in C. go welt with D. serve as a contrast to
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单选题I'd appreciate ______ these letters. A. you to mail B. you mail C. your mailing D. you would mail
单选题The consequences of heavy drinking are well documented: failing health, broken marriages, regrettable late-night phone calls. But according to Gregory Luzaich's calculations, there can be a downside to modest drinking, too—though one that damages the wallet, not the liver. The Pek Wine Steward prevents wine from spoiling by injecting argon, an inert gas, into the bottle before sealing it airtight with silicon. Mr. Luzaich. a mechanical engineer in Windsor, Calif.—in the Sonoma County wine country—first tallied the costs of his reasonable consumption in October 2001. "I'd like to come home in the evening and have a glass of wine with dinner," he said. "My wife doesn't drink very much. so the bottle wouldn't get consumed. And maybe I would forget about it the next day, and I'd check back a day or two later, and the wine would be spoiled." That meant he was wasting most of a $15 to $20 bottle of wine. dozens of times a year. A cheek of the wine-preservation gadgets on the market left Mr. Luzaich dissatisfied High-end wine cabinets cost thousands of dollars—a huge investment for a glass-a-day drinker. Affordable preservers, meanwhile, didn't quite perform to Mr. Luzaich's liking; be thought they allowed too much oxidation, which degrades the taste of a wine. The solution, he decided, was a better gas. Many preservers pumped nitrogen into an opened bottle to slow a wine's decline, even though oenological literature suggested that argon was more effective. So when he began designing the Pek Wine Steward. a metal cone into which a wine bottle is inserted, Mr. Luzaich found that his main challenge was to figure out how best to introduce the argon. He spent months fine-tuning a gas injection system. "We used computational fluid dynamics to model the gas flow," Mr. Luzaich said. referring to a computer-analysis technique that measures how smoothly particles are flowing. The goal was to create an injector that could swap a bottle's oxygen atoms for argon atoms; argon is an inert gas, and thus unlikely to harm a nice Chianti. Mr. Luzaich, who had previously designed medical and telecommunications products, also worked on creating an airtight seal, to secure the bottle after the argon was injected. He experimented with several substances, from neoprene to a visco-elastic polymer (which he dismissed as "too gooey"), before settling on a food-grade silicon. To save wine, a bottle is placed inside the Pek Wine Steward, the top is closed, and a trigger is pulled for 5 to 10 seconds, depending on how much wine remains. When the trigger is released, the bottle is sealed automatically, preserving the wine for a week or more. the company says. "We wanted to make it very easy for the consumer," Mr. Luzaich said. "It's basically mindless." The device, which resembles a high-tech thermos, first became available to consumers in March 2004, and 8,000 to 10.000 have been sold, primarily through catalogs like those of The Wine Enthusiast and Hammacher Schlemmer The base model sells for $99; a deluxe model, which also includes a thermoelectric cooler, is $199
单选题It would be enormously convenient to have a single, generally accepted index of the economic and social welfare of the people of the United States. A glance at it would tell us how much better or worse off we had become each year, and we would judge the desirability of any proposed action by asking whether it would raise or lower this index. Some recent discussion implies that such an index could be constructed. Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production because it is not such a complete index of welfare, ignoring, on the one hand, that it was never intended to be, and suggesting, on the other, that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.
The output available to satisfy our wants and needs is one important determinant of welfare. Whatever want, need, or social problem engages our attention, we ordinarily can more easily find resources to deal with it when output is large and growing than when it is not. GNP measures output fairly well, but to evaluate welfare we would need additional measures which would be far more difficult to construct. We would need an index of real costs incurred in production, because we are better off if we get the same output at less cost. Use of just man-hours for welfare evaluation would unreasonably imply that to increase total hours by raising the hours of eight women from 60 to 65 a week imposes no more burden than raising the hours of eight men from 40 to 45 a week, or even than hiring one involuntarily unemployed person for 40 hours a week. A measure of real costs of labor would also have to consider working conditions. Most of us spend almost half our waking hours on the job and our welfare is vitally affected by the circumstances in which we spend those hours.
To measure welfare we would need a measure of changes in the need our output must satisfy. One aspect, population change, is now handled by converting output to a per capita basis on the assumption that, other things equal, twice as many people need twice as many goods and services to be equally well off. But an index of needs would also account for differences in the requirements for living as the population becomes more urbanized and suburbanized; for the changes in national defense requirements; and for changes in the effect of weather on our needs. The index would have to tell us the cost of meeting our needs in a base year compared with the cost of meeting them equally well under the circumstances prevailing in every other year.
Measures of "needs" shade into measure of the human and physical environment in which we live. We all are enormously affected by the people around us. Can we go where we like without fear of attack? We are also affected by the physical environment—purity of water and air, accessibility of park land and other conditions. To measure this requires accurate data, but such data are generally deficient. Moreover, weighting is required, to combine robberies and murders in a crime index; to combine pollution of the Potamac and pollution of Lake Erie into a water pollution index; and then to combine crime and water pollution into some general index. But there is no basis for weighting these beyond individual preference.
There are further problems. To measure welfare we would need an index of the "goodness" of the distribution of income. There is surely consensus that given the same total income and output, a distribution with fewer families in poverty would be the better, but what is the ideal distribution? Even if we could construct indexes of output, real costs, needs, state of the environment, we could not compute a welfare index because we have no system of weights to combine them.
单选题Valentine's Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. (1) the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called (2) the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his (3) was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the (4) of the girls were written on (5) of paper and placed in jars. Each young man (6) a slip. The girl whose name was (7) was to be his sweetheart for the year. Legend 88 it that the holiday became Valentine's Day (9) a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II (10) the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would (11) stay home than fight. When Valentine (12) the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the (13) of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a (14) . Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—Valentine's Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine (15) of Lupercus. Valentine's Day has become a major (16) of love and romance in the modem world. The ancient god Cupid and his (17) into a lover's heart may still be used to (18) falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. (19) to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine's Day can sometimes be as (20) as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.
单选题Nor has Washington yet ______ to Mexican demands for a treaty specifying extradition for U. S. officials who disregard the new stricture. A. profaned B. contemplated C. acceded D. manipulated
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单选题It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives, rather than about the future. These reminiscences are not simply random or trivial memories, (1) is their purpose merely to make conversation. The old person's recollections of the past help to (2) an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile: (3) any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide (4) to the future, the individual mentions their (5) as a reminder to listeners, that here was a life (6) living. (7) , the memories form part of a continuing life (8) , in which the old person (9) the events and experiences of the years gone by and (10) on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life. As the life cycle (11) to its close, the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending death. (12) this task is made difficult by the fact that death is almost a (13) subject in the United States. The mere discussion of death is often regarded as (14) . As adults, many of us find the topic frightening and are (15) to think about it and certainly not to talk about it (16) the presence of someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo (17) only in the modern industrial societies. There seems to be an important reason for our reluctance to (18) the idea of death. It is the very fact that death remains (19) our control; it is almost the only of the natural processes (20) is so.
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单选题Mary has bought a ______ carpet. A) Chinese beautiful green B) green beautiful Chinese C) beautiful green Chinese D) Chinese green beautiful
单选题From the way she spoke you could tell she was speaking from ______.
单选题The rock music made popular by the Beatles has been modified over the past two decades.
单选题Thank you for the ______you did me. to move the sofa upstairs.
单选题--I always look out when crossing the street.--You are right. You can't be too ______.A. nervous B. carefulC. careless D. hurried
单选题His knowledge of language and international relations ______him in his work.
单选题She was disappointed ______ hearing the news that Chinese football team lost the first match in "World Cup".A. atB. inC. ofD. with
单选题The parents ______ their daughter to marry the poor young man.
单选题According to "The Indian Burying Ground" , some Indian tribes buried their dead in a______ position.
单选题A：You look a little pale. Are you OK? B： ______, I feel terrible.
单选题Because noises {{U}}modulate{{/U}} radiofrequency, radio
stations use a band of frequencies to prevent interference
with other stations.
A. govern
B. adapt
C. temper
D. renovate
单选题Woman: Teacher's Day is coming. Have you decided what to buy for the teacher? Man: Well, we're still in two minds. Question: What does the man mean?
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单选题Singletons, referring to those who live alone, are being comforted by well-meaning friends and family and told that not having a partner is not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end. A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living alone is putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem. For a number of reasons--relationship breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families—the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And there is worse news. Running a refrigerator, television, cooker, plumbing system just for selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populated planet. "The efficiency of resource consumption" is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because they share everything. Well imagine that. Just when you thought living alone was OK, you would find that all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for a cup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bit worried by your continuing single status—you are letting down the entire human race by not having a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panic and hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the "standard" of family and coupledom. The suggestion is that singledom should be at best a temporary state. Unless you are assimilated into a larger unit, you can never be fully functional. Try "communal living." There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having a "great time," laughingly bumping into each other. It looks like an episode of the TV series "Friends. " And the message is clear: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own is not allowed.
单选题Thanks to sponsorship, the fee to ______ will be＄25 ______ and participants will have to pay only travel expenses.
单选题I am standing on the seventh-floor balcony of an apartment building overlooking the heart of Moscow. It is a dark city, some might say grim. It looks and feels as if it has been worn down to its bare bones: broken sidewalks, cracked facades, weeds rooted in the very mortar. This city is not easy to look at. So I avert my eyes, and they settle on a little boy sleeping inside the apartment. His name is Alexei. He is 7. With every rise and fall of his chest, Moscow, the used, broken city, is renewed for me a thousand times. A dark place has given me light in the form of my adoptive son. Alexei has been my son for only two days, but I have been waiting three years for him. That's when I began the adoption process, three years ago, before I even knew of Alexei's existence. Never in my imaginings did I think that I would one day be so far from home, counting my son's breaths, counting the hours until we would board a plane for America, a place that he had no conception of "Alexei, " I had said through a translator as I knelt before him at the orphanage and helped him with his socks. " What do you know about America?" His reply was immediate: "I will have all the gum I want. " Most people adopt infants or very little children so that as much of their history as possible will be given to them by their parents. But Alexei carries a radiance of native culture: his memories of orphanage life in the once-closed city of Tula; the large, gracious, doting Russian women who have cared for him all his life; the aromatic Russian food he loves, and the language, that impossible, expressive, explosive Russian language that sometimes separates me from him like a wall, but also summons us to heroic legends as we attempt to communicate. I have been in Russia for two weeks. But it wasn't until the fourth day that I was brought to see Alexei. My Russian contact drove me through 100 miles of a country struggling to get back on its feet after years of internal neglect; pitted roadways, crumbling bridges, warped roofs. It made me recall what someone had once said about Russia, that she is a third-world country with a first-world army. We finally came to an orphanage. Once inside, I stood in a near-empty room, reminding myself that this was the culmination of three years of scrutiny, disappointment, and dead-ends. There were moments when I had told myself, "It's so much easier to have a kid the natural way. Nobody asks any questions. " But as a single man, a biological child was not a ready option. I now recognized these as idle thoughts, for I realized that Alexei, even sight unseen, would be as much mine as if he were my natural son. The door opened. A woman came out, her hand on the shoulder of a little boy just awakened from sound sleep. I gave Alexei a Pez candy dispenser, something as alien to him as life in America. After a few moments of scrutiny, he filled with candy, a sure sign of intelligence, for Pez, dispensers are notoriously difficult to load. At the end of our first meeting I knelt before Alexei and told him I would be back to get him in a week.
单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}}
Imagine a world in which there was
suddenly no emotion-a world in which human beings could feel no love or
happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a
transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor
pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt
them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit
from experience because this emotional world would lack rewards and punishments.
Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as
to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world
without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among
companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society's economic underpinnings
(支柱) would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant
than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be
no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to
enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species
would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our
survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in implant
(嵌入、插入)ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions.
True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object's physical
aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us-hurt us,
surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by
emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional
experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that
certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these
categories to every aspect of our social life- from what foods we eat and what
clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept.
In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as
loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain
itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as
surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements
such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal (刑法的 )
system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial
acts.
单选题Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches. Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk, Because she was such a great lady, her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk. At frist, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening. No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o' clock stopped her getting "a sinking feeling" as she called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea - time was born.
单选题
At the Kyoto conference on global
warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become
to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of
economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer{{U}} (21)
{{/U}}to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce{{U}} (22)
{{/U}}of certain substances. The global challenges of the inter-link
between the environment and development increasingly{{U}} (23) {{/U}}us
to the core of the economic life of states. During the late 1980s we were able,
through international agreements, to make deep{{U}} (24) {{/U}}in
emissions{{U}} (25) {{/U}}the ozone layer. These reductions were
made possible{{U}} (26) {{/U}}the harmful substances could be replaced{{U}}
(27) {{/U}}negative effects on employment and the economies of
states. Although the threat of global warming has been known to
world for decades, we know that the effects of measures,{{U}} (28)
{{/U}}harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified if{{U}}
(29) {{/U}}countries do not control their emissions. Important and
populous low- or medium-income countries are not{{U}} (30) {{/U}}willing
to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. We must,{{U}} (31)
{{/U}}find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the
21st century. Such a{{U}} (32) {{/U}}would require a degree
of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in
the force of imaginations, in imagining what{{U}} (33) {{/U}}if we
failed to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the
global-warming effect of a warmer summer,{{U}} (34) {{/U}}would cheer
arrival of the{{U}} (35) {{/U}}tropical diseases, especially where there
has been none.
单选题The author implies that This World was located ______.
单选题One reaction to all the concern about tropical deforestation is a blank stare that asks the question, "Since I don't live in the tropics, what does it have to do with me?" The answer is that your way of life, wherever you live in the world, is tied to the tropics in many ways. If you live in a house, wash your hair, eat fruit and vegetables, drink soda, or drive a car, you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests. Biologically, we are losing the richest regions on earth when, each minute, a piece of tropical forest the size of ten city blocks vanishes. As many as five million species of plants, animals and insects, 40 to 50 percent of all living things, live there, and are being irrevocably lost faster than they can be found and described. Their loss is incalculable. Take medicine, for example. Fewer than one percent of tropical forest plants have been examined for their chemical compounds. Nonetheless, scientists have integrated a wealth of important plants into our everyday lives. The West African calabar bean is used to treat glaucoma, while the sankerfoot plant of India yields reserpine, essential for treating hypertension. A West African vine provides the basis for strophanthus, a heart medicine. Quinine, an alkaloid derived from boiling the bark of the cinchona tree, is used to prevent and treat malaria. Derivatives from the rosy periwinkle offer a 99 percent chance of remission for victims of lymphocytie leukemia, as well as a 59 percent chance of recovery from Hodgkin' s disease. In fact, of the 3,000 plant species in the world known to contain anti-cancer properties, 2,100 ate from the tropical rain forest. Then there is rubber. For many uses, only natural rubber from trees will do, synthetics are not good enough. Today, over half of the world' s commercial rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia, while the Amazon' s rubber industry produces much of the world' s four million tons. Adding ammonia to rubber produces latex which is used for surgical gloves, balloons, adhesives, and foam rubber. Latex, plus a weak mixture of acid results in sheet rubber used for footwear and many sporting goods. Literally thousands of tropical plants are valuable for their industrial uses. Many provide fiber and canes for furniture, soundproofing and insulation. Palm oil, a product of tile tropics, brings to your table margarine, cooking oil, bakery products, and candles. Palm nut oil, from the seed kernel inside the fruit, is found in soap, candles, and mayonnaise. The sap from Amazonian copaiba trees, poured straight into a fuel tank, can power a truck. At present, 20 percent of Brazil ' s diesel fuel comes from this tree. An expanded use of this might reduce our dependency on irreplaceable fossil fuels. Many scientists assert that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect, the heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century, warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees. The result.'? A partial melt-down of the polar ice caps, raising sea levels as much as 24 feet. A rise of 15 feet would threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast. Far-fetched? Perhaps, but scientists warn that by the time we realize the severe effects of tropical deforestation, it will be 20 years too late. Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives? We only have to look at the catalogued tropical forests and the abundance of wondrous products from which we benefit every day to know the answer. After all, the next discovery could be a cure for cancer or the common cold, or the answer to feeding the hungry, or fuelling our world for centuries to come. Comprehension Questions
单选题She pointed out that his resume was______because it merely recorded his previous positions and failed to highlight the specific skills he had mastered in each job.
单选题[此试题无题干]
单选题A. powderB. ownC. meadowD. follow
单选题Polar explorers have to be extremely ______ to endure the abominable climate and other hardships.
单选题{{B}}Text 4{{/B}}
In 1880, Sir Joshua Waddilove, a
Victorian philanthropist, founded Provident Financial to provide affordable
loans to working-class families in and around Bradford, in northern England.
This month his company, now one of Britain's leading providers of "home credit"—
small, short-term, unsecured loans—began the nationwide rollout of Vanquis, a
credit card aimed at people that mainstream lenders shun. The card offers up to
￡ 200 ($ 380) of credit, at a price: for the riskiest customers, the annual
interest rate will be 69%. Provident says that the typical
interest rate is closer to 50% and that it charges no fees for late payments or
breaching credit limits. Still, that is triple the rate on regular credit cards
and far above the 30% charged by store cards. And the Vanquis card is being
launched just when Britain's politicians and media are full of worry about
soaring consumer debt. Last month, a man took his own life after running up
debts of ￡ 130000 on 22 different credit cards. Credit cards for
"sub-prime" borrowers, as the industry delicately calls those with poor credit
records, are new in Britain but have been common in America for a while. Lenders
began issuing them when the prime market became saturated, prompting them to
look for new sources of profit. Even in America, the sub-prime market has plenty
of room for growth. David Robertson of the Nilson Report, a trade magazine,
reckons that outstanding sub-prime credit-card debt accounts for only 3% of the
$ 597 billion that Americans owe on plastic. The sub-prime sector grew by 7.9%
last year, compared with only 2.6% for the industry as a whole.
You might wonder, though, how companies can make money from lending to
customers they know to be bad risks—or at any rate, how they can do it
legitimately. Whereas delinquencies in the credit-card industry as a whole are
around 4%-5% , those in the sub-prime market are almost twice as high, and can
reach 15% in hard times. Obviously, issuers charge higher
interest rates to compensate them for the higher risk of not being repaid. And
all across the credit-card industry, the assessment and pricing of risks has
been getting more and more refined, thanks largely to advances in technology and
data processing. Companies also use sophisticated computer programs to track
slower payment or other signs of increased risk. Sub-prime issuers pay as much
attention to collecting debt as to managing risk; they impose extra charges,
such as application fees; and they cap their potential losses by lending only
small amounts ($ 500 is a typical credit limit). All this is
easier to describe than to do, especially when the economy slows. After the
bursting of the technology bubble in 2000, several sub-prime credit-card
providers failed. Now there are only around 100, of which nine issue credit
cards. Survivors such as Metris and Providian, two of the bigger sub-prime card
companies, have become choosier about their customers' credit
histories. As the economy recovered, so did lenders' fortunes.
Fitch, a rating agency, says that the proportion of sub-prime credit-card
borrowers who are more than 60 days in arrears (a good predictor of eventual
default) is the lowest since November 2001. But with American interest rates
rising again, some worry about another squeeze. As Fitch's Michael Dean points
out, sub-prime borrowers tend to have not just higher-rate credit cards, but
dearer auto loans and variable-rate mortgages as well. That makes a risky
business even riskier.
单选题The idea of test-tube babies may make you either delighted at the wonders of modern medicine or irritated while considering the moral, or legal, or technological implications of starting life in a laboratory. But if you've ever been pregnant yourself, one thing is certain: You wonder what it's like to carry a test-tube baby. Are these pregnancies normal? Are the babies normal? The earliest answers come from Australia, where a group of medical experts at the Queen Victoria Medical Center in Melbourne have taken a look at the continent's first nine successful in vitro pregnancies. The Australians report that the pregnancies themselves seemed to proceed according to plan, but at birth some unusual trends did show up. Seven of the nine babies turned out to be girls. Six of the nine were delivered by Caesarean section. Undone baby, a twin, was born with a serious heart defect and a few days later developed life-threatening problems. What does it all mean? Even the doctors don't know for sure, because the numbers are so small. The proportion of girls to boys is high, but until there are many more test-tube babies none will know whether that's something that just happened to be like that or something special that happens when egg meets sperm in a test tube instead of a Fallopian tube. The same thing is true of the single heart defect; it usually shows up in only 15 out of 60, 000 births in that part of Australia, but the fact that it occurred in one out of nine test-tube babies does not necessarily mean that they are at special risk. One thing the doctors can explain is the high number of Caesareans. Most of the mothers were older, had long histories of fertility problems and in some cases had had surgery on the fallopian tubes, all of which made them likely candidates for Caesareans anyway. The Australian researchers report that they are quite encouraged. All the babies are now making normal progress even the twin with the birth defects.
单选题The structural approach to the analysis of language is connected with ______. A. THEME and RHEME B. GOVERNMENT and BINDING C. IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT ANALYSIS
单选题The WHO has to come up with new and effective measures to______the spread of the epidemic disease.
单选题During the storm we took ______ in the doorway of a shop．
单选题Which comments disagree with the author on the author on the cause of soda sale slowdown?
单选题A person's caloric requirements vary ______ his life.
单选题
单选题According to scientists, if the energy in the atmosphere were put under our control, what would happen?
单选题Between the invention of agriculture and the commercial revolution that marked the end of the Middle Ages, wealth and technology developed slowly indeed. Medieval historians tell of the centuries it took for key inventions like the watermill or the heavy plow to diffuse across the landscape. During this period, increases in technology led to increases in the population, with little if any appearing as an improvement in the median standard of living. Even the first century of the industrial revolution produced more "improvements" than "revolutions" in standards of living. With the railroad and the spinning and weaving of textiles as important exceptions, most innovations of that period were innovations in how goods were produced and transported, and in new kinds of capital, but not in consumer goods. Standards of living improved but styles of life remained much the same. The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries saw a faster and different kind of change. For the first time, technological capability outran population growth and natural resource scarcity. By the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the typical inhabitant of the leading economies—a British, a Belgian, an American, or an Australian had perhaps three times the standard of living of someone in a pre-industrial economy. Still, so slow was the pace of change that people, or at least aristocratic intellectuals, could think of their predecessors of some two thousand years before as effectively their contemporaries. Marcus Tullius Cicero, a Roman aristocrat and politician, might have felt more or less at home in the company of Thomas Jefferson. The plows were better in Jefferson's time. Sailing ships were much improved. However, these might have been insufficient to create a sense of a qualitative change in the order of life for the elite. Moreover, being a slave of Jefferson was probably a lot like being a slave of Cicero. So slow was the pace of change that intellectuals in the early nineteenth century debated whether the industrial revolution was worthwhile, whether it was an improvement or a degeneration in the standard of living. Opinions were genuinely divided, with as optimistic a liberal as John Stuart Mill coming down on the "pessimist" side as late as the end of the 1840s. In the twentieth century, however, standards of living exploded. In the twentieth century, the magnitude of the growth in material wealth has been so great as to make it nearly impossible to measure. Consider a sample of consumer goods available through Montgomery Ward in 1895 when a one-speed bicycle cost $65. Since then, the price of a bicycle measured in "nominal" dollars has more than doubled (as a result of inflation). Today, the bicycle is much less expensive in terms of the measure that truly counts, its "real" price: the work and sweat needed to earn its east. In 1895, it took perhaps 260 hours' worth of the average American worker's production to amass enough money to buy a one-speed bicycle. Today an average American worker can buy one—and of higher quality—for less than 8 hours worth of production. On the bicycle standard (measuring wealth by counting up how many bicycles the labor can buy) the average American worker today is 36 times richer than his or her counterpart was in 1895. Other commodities would tell a different story. An office chair has become 12.5 times cheaper in terms of the time it takes the average worker to produce enough to pay for it. A Steinway piano or an accordion is only twice as cheap. A silver teaspoon is 25 percent more expensive. Thus the answer to the question "How much wealthier are we today than our counterparts of a century ago?" depends on which commodities you view as important. For many personal services—having a butler to answer the door and polish your silver spoons—you would find little difference in average wealth between 1895 and 1990: an hour of a butler's time costs about the same then as now. For mass-produced manufactured goods—like bicycles—we are wealthier by as much as 36 times.
单选题Man: How did you like the new exhibit at the art gallery? Woman: I still haven't been able to take any time off from studying. Question: What does the woman mean? A. She prefers the artists she has studied. B. She hopes they will take some of the paintings away. C. She hasn't gone to see the exhibit yet. D. She doesn't want to describe the exhibit.
单选题The toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with because ______.
单选题Earlier this year, 13-year-old Shannon Sullivan was socializing in the same way as dozens of her classmates. She maintained a personalized page on a website that contained her photograph and details about what makes her unique. But then her mother found out. And now her site and those of her friends—once lovingly adorned with everything from sound bites to video clips—are fast disappearing at the insistence of their safety-minded parents. " They're not aware how easily something predatory can happen over the Internet, " says Shannon's mother, Margaret, " Maybe when they're older, in college or something, but it's just not safe before that. " Internet stalkers have killed at least four minors in the past three years, and law enforcement authorities count about 5,000 reports of attempted sexual predation over the Internet in the past year, according to Parry Arab, executive director of an Internet safety organization. Given such statistics, parents need to get over the feeling that they're invading their children's privacy by reading their blogs, Ms. Aftab says. She believes that parents must bring their judgment to bear on the content of what's posted. Others fear, however, that certain precautions could amount to swatting a fly with a sledgehammer, and could take a hefty toll on family life. The likelihood of tragedy is far greater whenever a child rides in a car or goes swimming than when he or she posts his or her name, photograph, and other personal information on the Internet, says Laurence Steinberg, an expert in adolescent psychology at Temple University. " The downside of prohibiting it is worse than the downside of allowing it, " he says. " A good parent-child relationship is based on trust. I think people do get especially worked up for some reason over the Internet. But snooping on what your child does on the Internet, to me in some ways, is no different from reading your child's diary. " Though the value of pursuing a reasonable level of safety goes undisputed in this discussion, adults differ on the value of increasing a child's freedom and privacy over time, especially in cyberspace. Aftab supports adolescent privacy with pen-and-paper diaries, for instance, because the content there is " between the child and the page, " whereas website content is " for the whole world to see. " Posting private Web content before age 16 only invites trouble, she says, yet many teens do it in a highly public bid for " attention, recognition, and affection. " Still, Steinberg says, while parents need to monitor Web usage by teens, they also should accept that they won't always know everything about a child's life, especially as children become older teens. " There are going to be lots of things that I don't know about in my child's life, and that's OK, " Steinberg says. " It's part of the development process. /
单选题Supermarkets promise to provide all we need in a low-price, one-stop shop, but they sell mediocre food, kill town centers and______our souls.
单选题{{B}}Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four
choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your
answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.{{/B}}
Mary Anning (1799-1847) was a British
fossil hunter who began finding{{U}} (21) {{/U}}as a child, and soon
supported herself and her very{{U}} (22) {{/U}}family by finding and
selling fossils. Very{{U}} (23) {{/U}}is known about her life, but her
father was a cabinet maker and he also{{U}} (24) {{/U}}local
fossils. Mary{{U}} (25) {{/U}}on the southern coast of
England, in a town called Lyme Regis. Its famous{{U}} (26) {{/U}}by the
sea contain{{U}} (27) {{/U}}fossil layers that{{U}} (28)
{{/U}}from the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods (the{{U}} (29)
{{/U}}of the dinosaurs, other bizarre reptiles, large insects, sea
creatures, {{U}}(30) {{/U}}mammals, and{{U}} (31) {{/U}}life
forms). Mary Anning{{U}} (32) {{/U}}and prepared the
first fossilized plesiosaur (an ocean-dwelling reptile) and the first
Ichthyosaurus (an ocean-dwelling reptile that{{U}} (33) {{/U}}like a
dolphin). She found many other important fossils, including Pterodactylus (a
flying reptile), sharks (and other fish), and so on. {{U}}(34)
{{/U}}with her brother Joseph, Mary supplied prepared fossil specimens to{{U}}
(35) {{/U}}museums, scientists, and private
collections.
单选题It is rather______that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.
单选题
单选题By the end of this month we surely ______a satisfactory solution to the problem. A. have found B. will have found C. will be binding D. are binding
单选题The government ______ best to boost production.
单选题Countries within the European Economic Community grant certain commercial ______ to each other.
单选题All Americans are at least vaguely (1) with the (2) of the American Indian. Cutbacks in federal programs for Indians have made their problems (3) more severe in recent years. Josephy reports," (4) 1981 it was estimated that cut, backs in federal programs for Indians totaled about $ 500 million" (5) mole than ten times the cuts affecting their (6) fellow Americans. This reduced funding is affecting almost all aspects of reservation life, (7) education. If the Indians could solve their (8) problems, solutions to many of their other problems might not be far behind. In, this paper the current status of Indian education will be described and (9) and some ways of improving this education will be proposed. Whether to (10) with the dominant American culture or to (11) Indian culture has been a longstanding issue in Indian education. The next fifty years became a period of (12) assimilation in all areas of Indian culture, but especially in religion and education (Jacoby 83r84). John Collier, a reformer who agitated . (13) Indians and their culture from the early 1920s until his death in 1968, had a different i dea. He believed that instead of effacing native culture, Indian schools (14) encourage and (15) it ( Dippie'276, 325 ). Pressure to assimilate remains a potent force today, (16) . More and more Indians are graduating from high school and college and becoming (17) for jobs in the non - Indian society." When Indians obtain the requisite skills, many of them enter the broader American society and succeed." (18) approximately 90 percent of all Indian children are educated in state public school systems (Taylor 136, 155). (19) these children compete with the members of the dominant society, however, is another (20) .
单选题Author Katherine Sherwood McDowell had a knack for converting almost every experience into marketable prose.
单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}}
What is time? Is it a thing to be saved
or spent or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control over, like
the weather? Is time the same all over the world? That's an easy question, you
say. Wherever you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24
hours, and so forth. Well, maybe. But in America, time is more than that.
Americans see time as a very valuable resource. Maybe that's why they are fond
of the expression, "Time is money." Because Americans believe
time is a limited resource, they try to conserve and manage it. People in the
U.S. often attend seminars or read books on time management. It seems they all
want to organize their time better. Professionals carry around pocket
planners-some in electronic form-to keep track of appointments and deadlines.
People do all they can to squeeze more life out of their time. The early
American hero Benjamin Franklin expressed this view best: "Do you love life.'?
Then do not waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of."
To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing respect for other people's
time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an
apology, and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead
to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the
less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get-togethers, for
example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the appointed time. But
they usually don't try that at work. To outsiders, Americans
seem tied to the clock, People in other cultures value relationships more than
schedules. In these societies, people don't try to control time, but to
experience it. Many Eastern cultures, for example, view time as a cycle. The
rhythm of nature-from the passing of the seasons to the monthly cycle of the
moon- shapes their view of events. People learn to respond to their environment.
As a result, they find it easier to "go with the flow" than Americans, who like
plans to be fixed and unchangeable. Even Americans would admit
that no one can master time. Time-like money- slips all too easily through our
fingers. And time-like the weather-is very haut to predict. Nevertheless, time
is one of life's most precious gifts. And unwrapping it is half the
fun.
单选题Critical thinkers are (able) to identify (main) issues, recognize (underlying) assumptions, and (evaluating) evidence.A. ableB. mainC. underlyingD. evaluating
单选题There is growing interest m East Japan Railway Co. , one of the six companies, created out of the (1) national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth (2) , its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations (3) is drawing interest. In a plan dubbed "Station Renaissance" that it (4) in November, JR East said that it would (5) . using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants, extending them to (6) more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up (7) for such goods as books, flowers and groceries purchased (8) the Internet. In a country (9) urbanites depend heavily on trains (10) commuting, about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway, the company (11) . So, picking up purchases at train stations spare (12) extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station (13) stores for this purpose, but it plans to create (14) spaces for the delivery of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce (15) cards—known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated (16) for hold information— (17) train tickets and commuter passes (18) the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a single pass. This will save the company money, because (19) for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also (20) the space needed for ticket vending.
单选题
单选题According to James Groves, ______.
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单选题Modern artists often need financial support but they have difficulty in finding wealthy______.
单选题Most patients respond to the awareness that they have a terminal illness with the statement, "Oh no, this can"t happen to me." After the first shock, numbness, and need to deny the reality of the situation, the patient begins to send out cues that he is ready to "talk about it". If we, at that point, need to deny the reality of the situation, the patient will often feel deserted, isolated, and lonely and unable to communicate with another human being what he needs so desperately to share.
Most patients who have passed the stage will become angry as they ask the question, "Why me?" Many look at others in their environment and express envy, jealousy, anger, and rage toward those who are young, healthy, and full of life. These are the patients who make life difficult for nurses, physicians, social workers, clergymen, and members of their families. Without justification they criticize everyone.
What we have to learn is that the stage in terminal illness is a blessing, not a cure. These patients are not angry at their families or at the members of the helping professions. Rather, they are angry at what these people represent: health and energy.
Without being judgmental, we must allow these patients to express their anger and dismay. We must try to understand that the patients have to ask, "Why me?" and that there is no need on our part to answer this question concretely. Once a patient has ventilated his rage and his envy, then he can arrive at the bargaining stage. During this time, he"s usually able to say, "Yes, it is happening to me—but". The "but" usually includes a prayer to God: "If you give me one more year to live, I will be a good Christian."
单选题I don't like him because he always______when other people are talking.
单选题
单选题In a ______ of inspiration, I decided to paint the whole house white. A. flame B. flight C. flavor D. flash
单选题The author does not directly state, but implies that
单选题The quotation of Skinner's words(Lines 7—8, Paragraph 3) is used to show that
单选题______ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling 21,000 dollars. A) Judged the best B) Judging the best C) To be judged the best D) Having judged the best
单选题A student of English______limited exercise finds it hard to get good mark in an English exam.
单选题Although the end of the term was close______, Jim had not completed all of the projects he had hoped to finish. A. on hand B.b.y hand C. at hand D. in hand
单选题All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in Western industrialized societies, we keep track of time in what seems to other peoples almost an obsessive fashion. We view time as motion on a space, a kind of linear progression measured by the clock and the calendar. This perception contributes to our sense of history and the keeping of records, which are typical aspects of Western cultures.
Although our perceptions of time seem natural to us, we must not assume that other cultures operate on the same time system. For instance, why should we assume that a Hopi raised in the Hopi culture would have the same intuitions about time that we have? In Hopi history, if records had been written, we would find a different set of cultural and environmental influences working together. The Hopi people are a peaceful agricultural society isolated by geographic feature and nomad enemies in a land of little rainfall. Their agriculture is successful only by the greatest perseverance. Extensive preparations are needed to ensure crop growth. Thus the Hopi value persistence and repetition in activity. They have a sense of the cumulative value of numerous, small, repeated movements, for to them such movements are not wasted but are stored up to make changes in later events. The Hopi have no intuition of time as motion, as a smooth flowing line on which everything in the universe proceeds at an equal rate away from a past, through a present, into a foreseeable future.
Long and careful study of the Hopi language has revealed that it contains no words, grammatical forms, constructions, or expressions that refer to what we call time-the past, present, or future-or to the duration or lasting aspect of time. To the Hopi, "time" is a "getting later" of everything that has been done, so that past and present merge together. The Hopi do not speak, as we do in English, of a "new day" or "another day" coming every twenty-four hours; among the Hopi, the return of the day is like the return of a person, a little older but with all the characteristics of yesterday. This Hopi conception, with its emphasis on the repetitive aspect of time rather than its onward flow, may be clearly seen in their ritual dances for rain and good crops, in which the basic step is a short, quick stamping of the foot repeated thousands of times, hour after hour.
Of course, the American conception of time is significantly different from that of the Hopi. Americans" understanding of time is typical of Western cultures in general and industrialized societies in particular. Americans view time as a commodity, as a "thing" that can be saved, spent, or wasted. We budget our time as we budget our money. We even say, "Time is money", We are concerned in America with being "on time"; We don"t like to "waste" time by waiting for someone who is late or by repeating information; and we like to "spend" time wisely by keeping busy. These statements all sound natural to a North American. In fact, we think, how could it be otherwise? It is difficult for us not to be irritated by the apparent carelessness about time in other cultures. For example, individuals in other countries frequently turn up an hour or more late for an appointment-although "being late" is at least within our cultural framework. For instance, how can we begin to enter the cultural world of the Sioux, in which there is no word for "late" or "waiting". Of course, the fact is that we have not had to enter the Sioux culture; the Sioux have had to enter ours. It is only when we participate in other cultures on their terms that we can begin to see the cultural patterning of time.
单选题I'd like to go with you. ______, I have to finish the report now.A. HoweverB. ButC. AndD. So
单选题By the end of the nineteenth century, cities were reimbursing private hospitals for their care of ______ patients and the public hospitals remained dependent on the tax dollars.
单选题The Prime Minister explained the new policy of his government {{U}}in great detail{{/U}} so as to win the support of his people.
单选题In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (学会) of each new skill the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
单选题The best information par
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单选题He speaks the language so well he could easily______ a German.
单选题Bystanders,______,______as they walked past lines of ambulances.(北京大学2006年试题)
单选题According to recent psychological studies, many children develop fears of ______ dangers.
单选题
单选题Dr. White, who is ______ to be one of the best surgeons in London, performed the operation and successfully removed the tumor in her lungs.
单选题It is necessary that a person( )exercises every day if he wishes to he healthy.
单选题I remember the accident well, as if it ______ yesterday.
单选题
It is all very well to blame traffic
jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the
roads are becoming horrible. You might tolerate the rude and{{U}} (21)
{{/U}}driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the{{U}} (22)
{{/U}}to the rule. Perhaps the situation{{U}} (23) {{/U}}a "Be Kind
to Other Drivers" campaign,{{U}} (24) {{/U}}, it may get completely out
of hand. Road politeness is not only good manners, but good{{U}}
(25) {{/U}}too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered
drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when{{U}} (26)
{{/U}}uncivilized behaviors.On the other hand, a little politeness goes
a long way towards{{U}} (27) {{/U}}the tensions of motoring. A friendly
nod or a wave of acknowledgement{{U}} (28) {{/U}}an act of politeness
helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so{{U}} (29)
{{/U}}in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness
are{{U}} (30) {{/U}}rare today. Many drivers nowadays aren't even able
to recognize politeness when they see it. However, improper
politeness can also be{{U}} (31) {{/U}}A typical example is the driver
who waves a child across a crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles{{U}}
(32) {{/U}}may be unable to stop in time. The same{{U}} (33)
{{/U}}encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and{{U}} (34)
{{/U}}they care to. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership
explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high
time that we{{U}} (35) {{/U}}this message to
heart.
单选题The government has launched several campaigns to crack ______on pirating.
单选题The truly incompetent may never know the depths of their own incompetence, a pair of social psychologists said on Thursday. "We found again and again that people who perform poorly relative to their peers tended to think that they did rather well," Justin Kruger, co-author of a study on the subject, said in a telephone interview.
Kruger and co-author David Dunning found that when it came to a variety of skills—logical reasoning, grammar, even sense of humor—people who essentially were inept never realized it, while those who had some ability were self-critical.
"It had little to do with innate modesty," Kruger said, "but rather with a central paradox: Incompetents lack the basic skills to evaluate their performance realistically. Once they get those skills, they know where they stand，even if that is at the bottom."
"Americans and Western Europeans especially had an unrealistically sunny assessment of their own capabilities," Dunning said by telephone in a separate interview, "while Japanese and Koreans tended to give a reasonable assessment of their performance. In certain areas, such as athletic performance, which can be easily quantified, there is less self-delusion, the researchers said. But even in some cases in which the failure should seem obvious, the perpetrator is blithely unaware of the problem."
This was especially true in the areas of logical reasoning, where research subjects—students at Cornell University, where the two researchers were based—often rated themselves highly even when they flubbed all questions in a reasoning test.
Later, when the students were instructed in logical reasoning, they scored better on a test but rate themselves lower, having learned what constituted competence in this area.
Grammar was another area in which objective knowledge was helpful in determining competence, but the more subjective area of humor posed different challenges, the researchers said.
Participants were asked to rate how funny certain jokes were, and compare their responses with what an expert panel of comedians thought. On average, participants overestimated their sense of humor by about 16 percentage points.
This might be thought of as the "above-average effect", the notion that most Americans would rate themselves as above average, a statistical impossibility.
The researchers also conducted pilot studies of doctors and gun enthusiasts. The doctors overestimated how well they had performed on a test of medical diagnoses and the gun fanciers thought they knew more than they actually did about gun safety.
So who should be trusted: The person who admits incompetence or the one who shows confidence? Neither, according to Dunning.
"You can"t take them at their word. You"ve got to take a look at their performance," Dunning added.
单选题the places I've been to, I enjoyed the restaurant here the most.A. From allB. All ofC. Of allD. All
单选题Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat
单选题Man: Bob and Sue seem never discipline their daughter. She's real nuts. Woman: They are kept in the dark about their daughter's behavior at school. Question: What can we learn about Bob and Sue's daughter?
单选题A field is simply a social system of relations between individuals or institutions who are competing for the same stake. An example of a field may be higher education, colleges, and universities. Habitus is a set of potential dispositions, an internalized set of taken-for-granted rules that govern strategies, and social practices that individuals in some respects carry with them into any field. There is a system of unspoken rules and generally unspeakable rules. They are unspeakable because it is understood that it would be rude or socially punishable to try to talk about those rules. Or, in some cases individuals within a habitus cannot even articulate those arbitrary rules because they are unaware of them. That is, these rules may feel so natural and normalized that they seem as though they are the way things should be and always have been. An example of an unspeakable rule might be that a person should never discuss class privilege, as opposed to hard work, as contributing to the success of an individual when talking about the accomplishments of the middle class within a middle-class field. However, within a working-class field of manual laborers, this may not be a forbidden topic of discussion. Judith Butler outlined a feminist theory of embodied practice in identity formation. She stated that our sense of identities is formed through repeated daily and everyday constrained and emancipatory performative practices through our bodies. Through the process of repeated performances, ways of being in the world become sedimented, that is layered and accumulated to the extent that these practices become a part of who we are and how we perceive ourselves to be in the world. Butler's insights about performativity, the body, and identity are particularly informative of working-class identity formations that are literally embodied within the physical capacity to do manual labor. Butler's notion of performative identity gives me insight into my own identity development and the discomforts and constraints I have felt within academia, where the mind is privileged over the body in ways that almost obliterate the body. At the same time, the ideology of mind over body seems hypocritical when one examines the class distinctions made through the embedded middle-class practices, in short, the habitus, of the majority of university professors. Many first-generation college students in my classes, especially those who are from working-class backgrounds, report shock, dismay, and anger at the level of classism and racism that exists among faculty, whom they assumed to be educated and to value egalitarian principles. Many students express their frustration at not knowing the habitus of the middle class, yet feel its exclusionary, embodied power. They express even more frustration that the middle class also seems unaware of its own unspoken rules and habitus. Though they can start a conversation about race, they don't know how to talk about class in a meaningful way, one that helps their fellow students to understand the naturalized class distinctions within our culture. Class is America's dirty little secret.
单选题Only since they gave up that good chance ______ to show their invention again.A. have they had no chanceB. they have had no chanceC. they have no chanceD. have they no chance
单选题Before treating the injuries, the victim's feet should be Uelevated/U, otherwise it might make the abdominal injuries more serious.
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单选题If I ______ you, I wouldn't miss the chance tomorrow morning. A．be B．will be C．am D．were
单选题If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will ______ you.
A. scale
B. scald
C. shun
D. shunt
单选题You must always be ready to sacrifice ______ to duty.
单选题Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?
单选题(While) schools developing online curricula try to strike (a balance) between profits and prestige, many educators (are confusing) about their role in this (digital world).
单选题Despite Denmark's manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they are to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self-indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Dane would look you in the eye and say, "Denmark is a great country. " You're supposed to figure this out for yourself. It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life's inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools, day care, retraining programmers, job seminars—Danes love seminars: three days at a study centre hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs — there is no Danish Academy to defend against it — old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is land where, as the saying goes, "Few have too much and fewer have too little, "and a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism that prevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madame have disappeared from common usage, even Mr. and Mrs. It's a nation of recyclers—about 55% of Danish garbage gets made into something new—and no nuclear power plants. It's a nation of tireless planners. Trains run on time. Things operate well in general. Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line, town here, country there. It is not a nation of jay-walkers. People stand on the curb and wait for the red light to change, even if it's 2 a. m. and there's not a car in sight. However, Danes don't think of themselves as a waiting-at-2. a. m. -for-the-green-light people—that's how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources, limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic Stares, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained. The orderliness of the society doesn't mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mine, and no Dane would tell you so. You can hear plenty about bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society cannot exempt its members from the hazards of life. But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldn't feel bad for taking what you're entitled to, you're as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to weather high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.
单选题I don't know why he has been given______. It wasn't his accomplishment but his wife's.(2002年中国社会科学院考博试题)
单选题As far back as he could remember, Larry had longed to go to Hollywood and become a film star. The young man’s hopes for success were broken again and again, however. Hollywood just did not seem interested. When he first came to California Larry had decided never to give up and return home without success. Therefore, he kept on trying. Someday, he told himself, his big opportunity would come. Larry found a job parking cars for one of Hollywood’s big restaurants. His pay was basic, but since the guests were kind enough to give him more money, he managed to make a living. One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture. Larry got into the car and prepared to drive it on into the lot and park it. Then he stopped, jumped out, and ran over to the director. "Excuse me, sir, but I think it’s only fair to tell you that it’s now or never if you want me in Your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me." Instead of pushing away the boy, the director got interested in Larry’s words and stopped. "Yes? Which companies?" he asked. "Well," replied the boy, "there’s the telephone company, the gas company, and the electric company, to tell you only a few." The director laughed, then wrote something on a card and handed it to the young man. "Come and see me tomorrow." Larry got a small part in the director’s next film. He was on his way!
单选题USoaring/U rates of interest have recently made it difficult for young couples to buy their own homes.
单选题Sophisticated edit facilities allow complicated musical forms to be created.
单选题Even though the evidence is overwhelming, if one juror is still {{U}}skeptical{{/U}}, the case must be retried.
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单选题Each year, millions of people in Bangladesh drink ground water that has been polluted by naturally high levels of arsenic poison. Finding safe drinking water in that country can be a problem. However, International Development Enterprises has a low-cost answer. This non-governmental organization has developed technology to harvest rainwater. People around the world have been harvesting rainwater for centuries. It is a safe, dependable source of drinking water. Unlike ground water, rainwater contains no minerals or salts and is free of chemical treatments. Best of all, it is free. The rainwater harvesting system created by International Development Enterprises uses pipes to collect water from the tops of buildings. The pipes stretch from the tops of buildings to a two-meter tall storage tank made of metal. At the top of the tank is a so called "first-flush" device made of wire screen. This barrier prevents dirt and leaves in the water from falling inside the tank. A fitted cover sits over the "first-flush" device. It protects the water inside the tank from evaporating. The cover also prevents mosquito insects from laying eggs in the water. Inside the tank is a low coat plastic bag that collects the water. The bag sits inside another plastic bag similar to those used to hold grains. The two bags are supported inside the metal tank. All total, the water storage system can hold up to 3,500 liters of water. International Development Enterprises says the inner bags may need to be replaced every two to three years. However, if the bags are not damaged by sunlight, they could last even longer. International Development Enterprises says the water harvesting system should be built on a raised structure to prevent insects from eating into it at the bottom. The total cost to build this rainwater harvesting system is about forty dollars. However, International Development Enterprises expects the price to drop over time. The group says one tank can provide a family of five with enough rainwater to survive a five-month dry season.
单选题Since the energy crisis, these big cars have become a real
liability
.Thev cost too much to run.(2004年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)
单选题Since you've repaired my TV set, ______ is no need for me to buy a new one.A. thereB. itC. thisD. that
单选题If you go to the USA, you'll be able to make friends with those ______.
单选题Arrogance and pride are similar in meaning, but there is a(n)______difference between them. A. submerged B. indecisive C. indistinct D. subtle
单选题Very soon a computer will be able to teach you English. It will also be able to translate any language for you too. It"s just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors-those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as "silicon chips". So give up going to classes, stop buying more textbooks and relax. In a couple of years you won"t need the international language of English.
Already Texas instruments in the United States are developing an electronic translation machine. Imagine a Spanish secretary, for example, who wants to type a letter from the boss to a business man in Sweden. All he or she will have to do is this: first type the letter will appear on another television screen in Stockholm in perfect Swedish.
And that"s not all. Soon a computer will be able to teach you English, if you really want to learn the language. You"ll sit in front of a television screen and practice endless structures. The computer will tell you when you are correct and when you are wrong. It will even talk to you because the silicon chips can change electrical impulses into sounds. And clever programmers can predict the responses you, the learner, are likely to make.
So think of it. You will be able to teach yourself at your own pace. You will waste very little time, and you can work at home. And if after all that, you still can"t speak English you can always use the translating machine. In a few years, therefore, perhaps there will be no need for BBC Modern English, or BBC English by Radio programs—no more textbooks or teachers of English. Instead of buying an exciting new textbook, the computer will ask you to replace it with microprocessor one thousand nine hundred and eighty-four. Fast, reliable and efficient language learning and translating facilities will be available to you. Think of that no more tears or embarrassing moments. One little problem is that a computer can"t laugh yet-but the scientists are working on it. Happy learning!
单选题Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we aU to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero? Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people. A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and community who will listen. But a few heroes beyond mere fame. Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine, hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant? Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks: It may be possible for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
单选题A hat company ships its hats, individually wrapped, in 8-inch by 10-inch by 12-inch boxes. Each hat is valued at $7.50. If the company's latest order required a truck with at least 288,000 cubic inches of storage space in which to ship the hats in their boxes, what was the minimum value of the order? A. $960 B. $1,350 C. $1,725 D. $2,050 E. $2,250
单选题Recently I stood in front of my class, observing an all-too-familiar scene. Most of my students were secretly—or so they thought—looking at their smart phones under their desks.
As I called their attention, students" heads slowly lifted, their eyes reluctantly glancing forward. I then cheerfully explained that their next project would practice a skill they all desperately needed: holding a conversation. Several students looked confused. Others moved uneasily in their seats, waiting for me to stop watching the class so they could return to their phones.
Even with plenty of practice, most kids were unable to converse effectively. They looked down at their hands. Some even reached for their phone—the last thing they should be doing.
As I watched my class struggle, I came to realize that conversational competence might be the single-most overlooked skill we fail to teach students. Kids spend hours each day engaging with ideas and one another through screens--but rarely do they have an opportunity to truly practice their interpersonal communication skills. Admittedly, teenage awkwardness and nerves play a role in difficult conversations. But students, reliance on screens for communication is affecting their engagement in real-time talk.
It might sound like a funny question, but we need to ask ourselves: Is there any 21st century skill more important than being able to hold a confident, coherent (连贯的) conversation? When students apply for colleges and jobs, they won"t conduct interviews through their smart phones. When they negotiate pay raises and discuss projects with employers, they should demonstrate a thoughtful presence and the ability to think on their feet.
But in our rush to meet 21st—century demands，we aren’t asking students to think and communicate in real time. Online discussion boards and Twitter are useful tools for exchanging ideas. But they often encourage a "read, reflect, forget about it" response that doesn"t truly engage students in extended critical thinking or conversation.
As Sherry Turkle writes, "We are tempted to think that our little "sips" of online connection add up to a big gulp (大口) of real conversation. But they don"t."
单选题What will man be like in the future—in 5,000 or 50,000 years from now? We can only make a guess, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from【C1】______he is today. For man is slowly changing all the time. Let us【C2】______an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years【C3】______, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we are sure that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 10% of the brain's capacity. As time goes on, 【C4】______, we shall have to use our brains more and more— and【C5】______we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a【C6】______change to the head; in particular the forehead will grow larger. On the other hand, we【C7】______to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more【C8】______, because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether because it does not serve a useful purpose【C9】______In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald. Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature【C10】______! This may well be true.
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单选题 I've heard many students and professionals express a
desire to take a speed reading course so they can increase their knowledge at a
faster rate. But the information I've {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}}
{{/U}}over the last few years {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}me to
believe that "speed reading" may be less useful than most people
think. Don't push yourself to read at a(n){{U}} {{U}}
3 {{/U}} {{/U}}pace. The claim that you can read and fully {{U}}
{{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}2,000 or 3,000 words per minute is
a(n){{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}exaggeration. One researcher
proved this in a study in which irrelevant and {{U}} {{U}} 6
{{/U}} {{/U}} sentences were added to a passage of writing. The "speed
readers" who were tested didn't notice the irrelevant lines-the non-speed
readers {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}them immediately.
It was said that President Kennedy read three or four major daffy
newspapers each morning in just a few minutes. But he {{U}} {{U}}
8 {{/U}} {{/U}}obtained all the information he needed from the headlines
and topic paragraphs. I wish I could have {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}}
{{/U}}him after he completed his daily newspaper reading. I'm willing to {{U}}
{{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}he would not have known most details revealed
in the body of the articles-{{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}those in
stories he read completely. I suspect that's also true {{U}} {{U}}
12 {{/U}} {{/U}}most persons who make {{U}} {{U}} 13
{{/U}} {{/U}}to great reading speeds. I've never taken one of
the reading courses that {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}to increase
your reading pace astronomically, but I've spoken {{U}} {{U}} 15
{{/U}} {{/U}}to many persons who have. Virtually all of them felt the courses
had been helpful but, {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, didn't make
them faster readers. My secretary used to teach a speed reading
course for the personnel department of a large utility company. She told me the
follow-up {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}indicated that employees
who attended all 12 classes showed no {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}}
{{/U}}long-term improvement in their reading speed. She did add, {{U}}
{{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}, that many company employees took the course
to enhance their promotion opportunities, and it may well have {{U}}
{{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}that purpose.
单选题My husband and children feel very happy to live here. They can't see that we live on a dirty street in a dirty house among people who aren't good. They can't see that our neighbors have to make happiness out of all this dirt. I decided that my children must get out of this. The money that we've saved isn't nearly enough. The McGaritys have money but they are so proud. They look down upon the poor The McGarity girl just yesterday stood out there in the street eating from a bag of candy while a ring of hungry children watched her. I saw those children looking at her and crying in their hearts; and when she couldn't eat any more she threw the rest down the sewer (下水道). Why? Is it only because they have money? There is more to happiness than money in the world, isn't there? Miss Jackson who teaches at the Settlement House isn't rich, but she knows things. She understands people. Her eyes look straight into yours when she talks with you. She can read your mind. I'd like to see the children will be like Miss Jackson when they grow up.
单选题Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (51) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (52) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (53) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (54) as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, ignoring the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (55) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (56) to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly (57) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (58) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in turn lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also (59) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home (60) was common in the traditional family structure. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates.
单选题Sally (must have called) her sister last night, but she (arrived) home (too late) to call (her).
单选题What's the chance______five heads when you toss a coin five times?
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单选题He took her hand and felt the scar on her thumb, ______of an accident with a kitchen knife in the early days of their marriage.
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Experts predict that China's healthcare
market will have an annual growth of 6 to 8 per cent in the next few years,
making it one of the potentially most prosperous. In Shanghai, annual medical
expenditure is estimated to be 16 billion yuan (U. S. 93 billion). With an
increasingly{{U}} (31) {{/U}}population, the growing consumption power
and longer life{{U}} (32) {{/U}}of local residents, the medical market
has great opportunities. However, limited medical resources
cannot meet people's needs{{U}} (33) {{/U}}financial deficits in
State-owned hospitals. {{U}}(34) {{/U}}, there is room for a range of
different medical organizations. As is the case with many
State-owned enterprises, public hospitals in the past half century have learned
a lot of bad habits: {{U}}(35) {{/U}}management, over-staffing and
bureaucratic operating procedures. Being a member of World Trade
Organization (WTO), China has to{{U}} (36) {{/U}}its promise to open the
health industry to foreign capital in coming years. By then, public hospitals
will be facing fierce competition from Western giants they have never prepared
for. So it's quite urgent{{U}} (37) {{/U}}them to learn
how to operate as an enterprise and how to survive in the competitive market
economy of the future. As a{{U}} (38) {{/U}}, the
healthcare sector was first opened to domestic private investors. Since the
first private hospital opened in 1999, private investors from Shenzhen, Sichuan
and Zhejiang provinces have been scrambling to enter Shanghai. {{U}}(39)
{{/U}}show that about 20 private hospitals have been set up in the city,
although this number, {{U}}(40) {{/U}}with more than 500 public
hospitals, is still quite low.
单选题Wealthy nations have fallen far behind on their aid ______ to the world's poor. A. commitments B. engagements C. responsibilities D. applications
单选题It seems that the author of the passage ______ what Dr. Cotes says in the book "The Privileged Ones".
单选题The house was very quiet,______as it was on the side of a mountain.(中国矿业大学2010年试题)
单选题Half the profits are______in a corporate account that can be drawn on only with stockholder consent.
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单选题We all know that every culture has its own ideal of behavior, and the
United States is no ______.
A. expectation
B. exclusion
C. expectancy
D. exception
单选题I don't know him very well，______I have met him socially on a couple of occasions． A．so that B．when C．although D．since
单选题______, I seated him in an armchair.
单选题The sign reads "in case of ______ fire, break the glass and push red
button."
A. /, a
B. /, the
C. the, the
D. a, a
单选题Samantha is just as rich ______ David.
单选题Never laugh at a snow covered mountain! Laughter and yelling, during the avalanche season, can cause a deadly pile of snow. Huge snow slides are most common in mountains where there are steep slopes that are well buried in snow and ice. The snow builds up slowly and lands very softly. This can create a very touchy, unstable situation. Tons of snow may be held up by only the friction between snowflakes. The deep snow is like a house of cards. The slightest movement can cause it to fall. As soon as something slips, this great mass of snow will come crashing down the mountainside. Slides may be started by sound vibrations. They may also be started by the weight of wet, melting snow. Once an avalanche has been triggered, the cause no longer matters. Moving down a steep slope, it picks up great speed and added snow. Some avalanches travel as fast as two hundred miles per hour. The force of an avalanche will mow down anything in its path. Whole houses have been swallowed up by these fast-paced piles of snow. The wind that is caused by an avalanche is almost as destructive as the snow itself. Winds from an avalanche have been known to travel as fast as those of a tornado. So, when approaching a thickly snow covered mountain, speak softly!
单选题
单选题I am firmly______that this plan would do much good to our company.
单选题______ you are at home alone, please don't leave the door open.
A. While
B. As
C. Before
D. How
单选题Identify the Rhetorical Devices(20%) Each of the following sentences contains a rhetorical device. Identify this device and write the letter of your choice on your ANSWER SHEET. Example: My love is as a fever, longing still For that which longer nurseth the disease, (Shakespeare, Sonnet 147) A. simile B. metaphor C. assonance D. oxymoron You write; AHitting that telephone pole certainly didn"t do your car any good.
单选题Jim was ______ asking his mother to buy him a new bike, so she finally
gave in.
A. hesitant about
B. concerned with
C. eager for
D. persistent in
单选题I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into ______ when judging
nay examination.
A. regard
B. account
C. thought
D. observation
单选题We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be "beyond dispute". We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19tb century to the 1960s. The role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out tc conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and going to war when necessary. The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time-honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm. Sex roles were determined according to the "place" appropriate to each. Women's place was, first and foremost, in the home. The outside world, i.e. workshops, factories and business firms, belonged to men. This sex-based division of the world (private and public) gave rise to a strict dichotomy between the attitudes, which conferred on each its special identity. The woman, sequestered at home, "cared, nurtured and conserved". To do this, she had no need to be daring, ambitious, tough or competitive. The man, on the other hand, competing with his fellow men, was caught up every day in the struggle for survival, and hence developed those characteristics which were thought natural in a man. Today, many women go out to work, and their reasons for doing so have changed considerably. Besides, the traditional financial incentives, we find ambition and personal fulfillment motivating those in the most favorable circumstances, and the wish to have a social life and to get out of their domestic isolation influencing others. Above all, for all women, work is invariably connected with the desire for independence.
单选题Famed singerSteve Wonder can't see his fans dancing at his concerts. He can't see the hands of his audience as they applaud wildly at the end of his Superstition. Blind from birth, Wonder has waited his whole life for a chance to see. Recently, Wonder visited Mark Humayan, a vision specialist. He thought that a new device currently being studied by Humayan might offer him that chance. The device, a retinal prosthesis, is a tiny computer chip implanted inside a patient's eye. The chip sends images to the brain and allows some sightless people to see shapes and colors. Wonder hoped the retinal prosthesis might work for him. "I've always said that if ever there's possibility of my seeing," said Wonder, "then I would take the challenge." Unfortunately for Wonder, that challenge will have to wait. Humayan explained that the device isn't ready for people who have been blind since birth. Their brains may not be able to handle signals from a retinal prosthesis because their brains have never handled signals from a healthy eye. However the retinal prosthesis and other devices show great promise in helping many other sightless people who once had vision see again. Perhaps one day soon, some formerly sightless people may be in Wonder's audience looking up—and seeing him—for the very first time. Wonder's willingness to take part in retinal prosthesis studies and the results of those studies are giving new hope to people who thought they would be blind for the rest of their lives. More than one million people in the United States are considered legally blind, meaning that their eye- sight is severely impaired. Another one million are totally blind. Two types of specialized cells in the retina—rods and cones—are critical for proper vision. Light enters the eye and falls on the rods and cones in the retina. Those cells convert the light to electrical signals, which travel through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain interprets those signals as visual images. Rods detect light at low levels of illumination. For instance, rods allow you to see faint shadows in dim moonlight. Cones, on the other hand, are most sensitive to color. Some diseases can damage cells in the retina. For instance, macular degeneration causes blind ness and other vision problems in 700,000 people in the United States each year. The condition i caused by a lack of adequate blood supply to the central part of the retina. Without blood, the rods, cones, and other cells in the retina die. Devices such as the retinal prosthesis won't prevent or cure our eye diseases, but they ma help patients who have eye disorders regain some of their vision. Different forms of retinal presto sis are currently being developed. On one type, a tiny computer chip is embedded in the eye The chip has a grid of about 2,500 light-sensing elements called pixels. Light entering the eye strikes the pixels, which convert the light into electrical signals. The pixels then send the electrical signals to nerve cells, behind the retina. Those cells send signals vi the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation. Many people who have had a retinal prosthesis implanted say they can see shapes, colors and movements that they couldn't see before. "It was great," said Harold Churchey, who n ceived his retinal prosthesis 15 years after he became totally blind. "To see light after so long—was just wonderful. It was just like switching a light on./
单选题One of V. S. Naipaul" s best-known nonfictional works is______.
单选题He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk ______around one topic.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)
单选题You ______ be driven out of the school if you dare to cheat in the
exam.
A. should
B. would
C. will
D. shall
单选题
单选题Your writing is good ______ some spell errors.
单选题He said he ______ the next day.
单选题The two men in the van _____.
单选题In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin became the best seller of the generation, ______ a host of imitators.
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单选题In short, every time the issue of family structure has been raised, the response has been first
controversy
, then retreat, and finally silence.
单选题As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph, "daily bread" refers to ______.
单选题Persons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in order to lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program. At first it is wise to talk with your doctor. He can advise you of the number of calories (卡路里) you should have in your meals each day. He can tell you about exercising while on your diet. A good rule is to lose slowly. A loss of a pound or two is plenty.
Plan meals around foods you know. This means that it is wise to include foods that you are used to and that are part of your regular eating habits. When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want. While you are dieting, try to build a pattern of eating that you can follow later to maintain your desired weight.
When dieting, choose low-calorie foods. Avoid such items as fats, fried food, sweets, cakes, cream and soft drinks. Try to take coffee and tea without sugar or cream. Snacks can be part of your diet. For example, a piece of fruit or a simple dessert saved from mealtime can be eaten between meals.
Keep busy! This way you will not be tempted to go off the diet. Make full use of opportunities to exercise. Try walking instead of riding whenever possible. Happy dieting!