单选题In spite of the wide range of reading material specially designed or ______ for language learning purposes, there is yet no effective and systematic program for the reading skills.(2005年清华大学考博试题)

单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} You know that pearls grow inside oysters, but would you ever think to look for diamonds inside an ostrich? Well, a hunter once shot an ostrich and discovered, to his great surprise, that the big bird had swallowed a bunch of diamonds. How could such a strange thing happen? Like many other birds, the ostrich swallows small stones that stay inside its "gizzard." The gizzard is a bird's second stomach. It is where the food is ground up. The small stones help to grind up the food so it can be digested. {{U}}They do the chewing{{/U}}, because birds don't have teeth. In the case of the ostrich with the diamonds, the bird simply had expensive taste in rocks. He used the diamonds to help digest his dinner. Diamonds and stones aren't all that an ostrich will swallow. If there are no stones around, it will eat just about anything. Sadly for ostriches in zoos this can be a {{U}}fatal{{/U}} habit. The tendency to swallow anything it sees has caused the death of many an ostrich. Cruel or careless people often throw things into the bird's living space. They throw keys, coins, even large objects such as horseshoes. The ostrich swallows them without hesitation. Coins can be the worst. Inside the ostrich they wear down to a razor sharp edge. They will cut open the bird's gizzard from the inside. One young zoo ostrich died with 484 coins, weighing more than eight pounds, in its gizzard.

单选题One is considered as a color blind man if ______.

单选题Ask most people how they define the American Dream and chances are, they'll say, "Success." The dream of individual opportunity has been home in America since Europeans discovered a "new world" in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigrants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers. In letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote, "We are all excited at the sprite of an industry which is unfettered and unrestrained, because each person works for himself... We have no princes, for whom we toil, starve, and bleed. We are the most perfect society now existing in the world." The promise of a land where "the rewards of a man's industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor" drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories. Our national mythology is full of illustration of the American success story. There's Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became America's best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The notion of success haunts us—we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to" make a fortune in real estate with no money down", and " dressing for success". The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships—today it's as important to be "successful" in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business. But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to "make it" also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. Under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the "right" neighborhoods, wear the "right" clothes, and eat the "right" foods. These symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.

单选题A team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning what"s happening in their brains. When you look at something, your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain. Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send. Cells in your brain called neurons are responsible for this processing. The FMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging)brain scans could generally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at. Like cells anywhere else in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen it will consume. The more active a region of the brain, the more active its neurons, and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using FMRI, scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood—and therefore, which parts are working to process information. An FMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images, FMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images. The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an FMRI machine to record the volunteers" brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers" brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see. In a second test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures. Like before. their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the FMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly related to pictures of apples in the first test, their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples.

单选题Keith Peiris is now ______.

单选题Chaucer"s literary career is highlighted by the publication of his work______.

单选题It is appropriate on an anniversary of the founding of a university to remind ourselves of its purposes. It is equally appropriate at such time for students to (21) why they have been chosen to attend and to consider how they can best (22) the privilege of attending. At the least you as students can hope to become (23) in subject matter which may be useful to you in later life. There is, (24) , much more to be gained. It is now that you must learn to exercise your mind sufficiently (25) learning becomes a joy and you thereby become a student for life. (26) this may require an effort of will and a period of self-discipline. Certainly it is not (27) without hard work. Teachers can guide and encourage you, but learning is not done passively. To learn is your (28) . There is (29) the trained mind satisfaction to be derived from exploring the ideas of others, mastering them and evaluating them. But there is (30) level of inquiry which I hope that some of you will choose. If your study takes you to the (31) of understanding of a subject and, you have reached so far, you find that you can penetrate to (32) no one has been before, you experience an exhilaration which can't be denied and which commits you to a life of research. Commitment to a life of scholarship or research is (33) many other laudable goals. It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even (34) other facets of life prove disappointing. I strongly (35) it.

单选题In the seventeenth century, European soldiers who came across some Indian groups in the western Great Lakes found that several native tribes were living in the area without a formal leadership system. They appeared to be "quite friendly with each other without a formal authority"! Not only did the Indians appear to lack a formal system of authority, but they also deeply hated any efforts to control their actions. All members of the tribes knew what was required of them by life long familiarity with the tasks of the area. These tasks tended to be simple, since the Indian's rate of social change was slow. Thus, although subgroups such as soldiers had recognized leaders, no real authority was required. Rather than giving direct orders (which were considered rough), members of the tribes would arouse others to action by examples. It would be difficult, if not impossible, to carry out such a system in our own society. Most of us have grown up under one authority or another for as we can remember. Our parents, our teachers, our bosses, our government all have the recognized right under certain conditions to tell us what to do. The authority is so much a part of our culture that it is hard for us to imagine a workable society without it. We have been used to relying on authority to get things done and would probably be uncomfortable with the Indian methods of examples on a large scale. Of course, the major reason why the Indian system would not be suitable for us is that our society is too large. The number of tasks that various members of our society have to perform often under tight time and resource limitations could not be treated by the Indian system. In modern societies, the formal authority system is necessary to achieve any social objectives.

单选题The hurricane was incredibly Udevastating/U and left thousands homeless.

单选题Questions 55-60 are based on the following selection.My mistress" eyes are nothing like the sun;Coral is far more red than her lips" red;If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.I have seen roses damask" d, red and white,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;And in some perfumes is there more delightThan in the breath that from my mistress reeks.I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowThat music hath a far more pleasing sound;I grant I never saw a goddess go;My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rareAs any she belied with false compare.

单选题Fathers tend to be isolated and don't know how to approach other fathers around parenting issues; ______mothers are very good at that.

单选题He ______ to his customers and halved the price. [A] leaked [B] drew [C] quoted [D] yielded

单选题Young people often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their application for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all or, at best, an impersonal note is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled. Applicants often developed the suspicion that vacancies are earmarked (指定) for friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put out to avert (转移) this accusation. Many of them tire of writing around and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success. Not to acknowledge applicants" letters is impolite and there seems little excuse for this. Yet even sending brief replies to the many who apply takes much time and money. That so-called return envelope may not have been stamped by the sender, and a hard-pressed office manager may be reluctant to send off long letters of explanation to disappointed job-hunters. A brief note is all that can be managed and even that depends on the policy of the firm. But this difficulty is reasonably easy to remove with a little goodwill.

单选题I have really got angry with John because______I suggest, he always disagrees.

单选题This crime fiction was ______ very popular but nobody reads it today.