单选题It was cloudy this morning, but it ______fine.

单选题The old lady was immediately sent to a nearby hospital when she ______ from heat stroke.

单选题exuberance

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Good looks, the video-games industry is discovering, will get you only so far. The graphics on a modern game may far outstrip the pixellated blobs of the 1980s, but there is more to a good game than eye candy. Photo-realistic graphics make the lack of authenticity of other aspects of gameplay more apparent. It is not enough for game characters to look better—their behaviour must also be more sophisticated, say researchers working at the interface between gaming and artificial intelligence(AI). Today' s games may look better, but the gameplay is"basically the same" as it was a few years ago, says Michael Mateas, the founder of the Experimental Game Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. AI, he suggests, offers an" untapped frontier" of new possibilities. "We are topping out on the graphics, so what' s going to be the next thing that improves gameplay?" asks John Laird, director of the A1 lab at the University of Michigan. Improved Al is a big part of the answer, he says. Those in the industry agree. The high-definition graphics possible on next-generation games consoles, such as Microsoft' s Xbox 360, are raising expectatious across the board, says Neff Young of Electronic Arts, the world' s biggest games publisher. "You have to have high-resolution models, which requires high-resolution animation," he says," so now I expect high-resolution behaviour." Representatives from industry and academia will converge in Marina del Rey, California, later this month for the second annual Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment(AIIDE ) conference. The aim, says Dr Laird, who will chair the event, is to Increase the traffic of people and ideas between the two spheres. "Games have been very important to AI through the years," he notes. Alan Turing, one of the pioneers of computing in the 1940s, wrote a simple chess-playing program before there were any computers to run it on; he also proposed the Turing test, a question-and-answer game that is a yardstick for machine intelligence. Even so ,AI research and video games existed in separate worlds until recently. The Al techniques used in games were very simplistic from an academic perspective, says Dr. Mateas, while Al researchers were, in turn, clueless about modern games. But, he says, "both sides are learning, and are now much closer." Consider, for example, the software that controls an enemy in a first-person shooter (FPS) —a game in which the player views the world along the barrel of a gun. The behaviour of enemies used to be pre-scripted: wait until the player is nearby, pop up from behind a box, fire weapon, and then roll and hide behind another box, for example. But some games now use far more advanced" planning systems" imported from academia. "Instead of scripts and hand-coded behaviour, the AI monsters in an FPS can reason from first principles," says Dr. Mateas. They can, for example, work out whether the player can see them or not, seek out cover when injured, and so on. "Rather than just moving between predefined spots, the characters in a war game can dynamically shift, depending on what's happening," says Fiona Sperry of Electronic Arts. If the industry is borrowing ideas from academia, the opposite is also true. Commercial games such as "Unreal Tournament", which can be easily modified or scripted, are being adopted as research tools in universities, says Dr. Laird. Such tools provide flexible environments for experiments, and also mean that students end up with transferable skills. But the greatest potential lies in combining research with game development, argues Dr. Mateas. "Only by wrestling with real content are the technical problems revealed, and only by wrestling with technology does it give you insight into what new kinds of content are possible, "he says.

单选题{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} President Bush takes to the bully pulpit to deliver a stern lecture to America's business elite. The Justice Dept. stuns the accounting profession by filing a criminal indictment of Arthur Andersen LLP for destroying documents related to its audits of Enron Corp. On Capitol Hill, some congressional panels push on with biased hearings on Enron's collapse and, now, another busted New Economy star, telecom's Global Crossing. Lawmakers sign on to new bills aimed at tightening oversight of everything from pensions and accounting to executive pay. To any spectators, it would be easy to conclude that the winds of change are sweeping Corporate America, led by George W. Bush, who ran as "a reformer with result." But far from deconstructing the corporate world brick by brick into something cleaner, sparer, and stronger, Bush aides and many legislators are preparing modest legislative and administrative reforms. Instead of an overhaul, Bush's team is counting on its enforcers, Justice and a newly empowered Securities & Exchange Commission, to make examples of the most egregious offenders. The idea is that business will quickly get the message and clean up its own act. Why won't the {{U}}outraged rhetoric{{/U}} result in more changes? For starters, the Bush Administration warns that any rush to legislate corporate behavior could produce a raft of flawed bills that raise costs without halting abuses. Business has striven to drive the point home with an intense lobbying blitz that has convinced many lawmakers that over-regulation could startle the stock market and perhaps endanger the nascent economic recovery. All this sets the stage for Washington to get busy with predictably modest results. A surge of caution is sweeping would-be reformers on the Hill. "They know they don't want to make a big mistake," says Jerry J. Jasinowski, president of the National Association of Manufacturers. That go-slow approach suits the White House. Aides say the President, while personally disgusted by Enron's sellout of its pensioners, is reluctant to embrace new sanctions that frustrate even law-abiding corporations and create a litigation bonanza for trial lawyers. Instead, the White House will push for narrowly targeted action, most of it carried out by the SEC, the Treasury Dept. , and the Labor Dept. The right outcome, Treasury Secretary Paul H. O'Neill said on Mar. 15, "depends on the Congress not legislating things that are over the top." To O'Neill and Bush, that means enforcing current laws before passing too many new ones. Nowhere is that stance clearer than in the Andersen indictment. So the Bush Administration left the decision to Justice Dept. prosecutors rather than White House political operatives or their reformist fellows at the SEC.

单选题（上海理工大学2006年试题） In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved(旋转)around the earth. An【1】7% did not know which revolved around【2】. I have no doubt that;【3】all of these people were【4】in school that the earth revolves a-round the sun;【5】may even have written it【6】a test. But they never【7】their incorrect mental models of planetary(行星的)【8】because their every day observations didn't support【9】their teachers told them: People see the sun moving【10】the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary(静止的)【11】that is happening. Students can learn the right answers【12】heart in class, and yet never combined them【13】their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the【14】personal understanding of the world can【15】side by side, each unaffected by the other.Outside of class, the student continues to use the【16】models because it has always worked well【17】that circumstance. Unless professors address【18】errors in students' personal models of the world, students are not【19】to replace them with the【20】one.

单选题The writer of the passage has a (an) ______ attitude towards dangerous sports.

单选题Which of the following is NOT directly related to the Irish Dramatic Movement?

单选题{{B}}Passage Five{{/B}} Wilmut maintains that cloning animals has tremendous potential for helping people. Cloned Sheep, he says, could be used as living drug factories. Scientists could "engineer" sheep that produce drugs in their milk. And by altering the proteins on the surfaces of animal organs to make them more like human organs, scientists believe they may be able to create a plentiful source of organ donors for people. Why not clone humans as organ donors? Theoretically, Wilmut says, there is no reason his techniques couldn't someday be used to clone people. Think about the possibilities: a whole basketball team of Michael Jordans, a scientific panel of Albert Einsteins, a movie starring and co-starring Brad Pitts. On a more serious note, some experts argue that couples who have difficulty having a baby could make copies of themselves. And parents whose child has a fatal disease like cancer might be able to clone the child, creating a twin who could be a bone-marrow (骨髓) donor. But even Ian Wilmut draws the line at cloning humans. "All of us would find that offensive," he says. Several countries, including Britain, Denmark, Germany and Australia, have made all scientific work on cloning humans illegal. The U.S. has no such law, but President Clinton has set up a panel of scientists and philosophers to study the issue. In the meantime, Clinton has imposed a ban on using federal money to clone humans. Humans are more than the sum of their genes, argues a philosopher at one research institute. Though they look exactly the same, clones are not necessarily exact copies. The younger twin might grow up with different influences—say, unusual friends or special teachers. A cloned Albert Einstein might fail his physics class. A cloned pop star might sing terribly. Say you were cloned. Would your twin live a shorter life because he or she started out with DNA that was already 10, 20 or 30 years old? Scientists aren't sure. And how could you prevent someone from taking a sample of your hair and making a clone of you? Again, no solutions. What do you think? Should scientists be allowed to clone animals? How about humans?

单选题— Shall we go to the movie tonight? — No, I"d rather ______ at home with our baby. You"d better not leave it to the babysitter at night.

单选题{{B}}Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and write down the corresponding letter. {{/B}} Dear Jose, You have asked me for suggestions on how to get along in the United States. It is difficult to give advice, but I have found the following "do's" and "don'ts" helpful. As a rule, it isn't easy to find anyone to{{U}} (21) {{/U}}in a big city. However, here are some suggestions.{{U}} (22) {{/U}}, get or borrow{{U}} (23) {{/U}}! Walk him several times a day! Americans love dogs and usually stop{{U}} (24) {{/U}}to anyone with a dog.{{U}} (25) {{/U}}, try to eat in a cafeteria. People generally{{U}} (26) {{/U}}the same tables and will sometimes talk to you{{U}} (27) {{/U}}they see that you are a{{U}} (28) {{/U}}. Next, take your dirty clothes to a laundry! It takes about an hour to wash and dry, and many people become kind there. They often pass the time talking to the other customers.{{U}} (29) {{/U}}ask for information from a woman, if you are a man, and from a man, if you are a woman! It seems to get{{U}} (30) {{/U}}results for a reason I can't understand. Learn the{{U}} (31) {{/U}}, "Please," "Thank you, "and "You're welcome" before you come and use them all the time! They usually work like magic. There are some things you{{U}} (32) {{/U}}. Don't tell the truth when people ask "How are you?" They only{{U}} (33) {{/U}}the answer to be "Fine." Never ask people their{{U}} (34) {{/U}}—especially woman! Everyone wants to be young. Don't tell heavy people they are{{U}} (35) {{/U}}. Tell them they are losing weight. Everyone here wants to be thin. Don't be late for appointment! When someone says six o'clock, be sure to be there by six. Americans respect time and expect everyone to be "on time". Above all, don't worry! Just follow my advice and bring a lot of money and you will get along. I hope I have been of some help to you. Cordially yours, John

单选题In his paintings, Picasso tried to capture the ______of his subjects.

单选题They'd like to see her daughter ______, get married and have kids.A. settle onB. settle upC. settle forD. settle down

单选题 In the wake of 11 September, Visionics, a leading manufacturer, issued a fact sheet explaining how its technology could enhance airport security. They called it "protecting civilization from the faces of terror". The company's share price skyrocketed, as did the stocks of other face-recognition companies, and airports across the globe began installing the software and running trials. As the results start to come in, however, the gloss (光滑表面) is wearing off. No matter what you might have heard about face-recognition software, Big Brother is not so good as expected. The concern was based largely on an independent assessment of face-recognition systems carried out in 2000 in the U. S. by the Department of Defense. These tests found that to catch 90 percent of suspects at an airport, face-recognition software would have to raise a huge number of false alarms. one in three people would end up being dragged out of the line and that's assuming everyone looks straight at the camera and makes no effort to disguise himself. Results from the recent airport trials would seem to justify that concern. Most face-recognition systems use some kind of geometric technique to translate a picture of a face into a set of numbers that capture its characteristics. once it has identified these boundaries, the software calculates their relative sizes and positions and converts this geometry into what Visionics calls a "faceprint". Feed the software a series of mugshots, and it'll calculate their faceprints. Then it can monitor live CCTV images for the faces of known suspects. When it finds a match, it raises an alarm. Even if the system does manage to capture a face, the problems aren't over. The trouble is that a suspect's faceprint taken from live CCTV is unlikely to match the one in the database in every detail. To give themselves the best chance of picking up suspects, operators can set the software so that it doesn't have to make an exact match before it raises the alarm. But there's a price to pay: the more potential suspects you pick up, the more false alarms you get. You have to get the balance just right. Despite the disappointing tests, some people insist that face-recognition technology is good enough to put terrorists off. After all the claims and counter-claims, with no one able to discern(洞察) the truth, the industry may soon have to face up to reality.

单选题The seller shall, at his own ______, carry out at the place of manufacture all such inspections of the equipment as are specified in the contract.

单选题It ______ 12 rabbits to test a sample of vaccine, now it takes only 6. A. used to taking B. used to take C. is used to take D. was used to taking

单选题Osteoporosis used to be called "the silent disease" because its victims didn"t know they had it until it was too late and they suffered a bone fracture. Today, doctors can identify osteoporosis early. Improved understanding of the disease has also led to new treatments and strategies for preventing the disease altogether. For post-menopausal women, the most common medical response to osteoporosis is hormone replacement therapy. Boosting estrogen levels strengthens the entire skeleton and reduces the risk of hip fracture. Unfortunately, it sometimes causes uterine bleeding and may increase the risk of breast cancer. To bypass such side effects, researchers have developed several alternative treatments. Synthetic estrogens called Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) emulate estrogen with slight modifications. Another drug, alendronate, reduces spine, hip and wrist fractures by 50 percent. Researchers have even developed a nasal spray called calcitonin. Each of these alternatives has trade-offs, however. Patients must talk with their doctors to decide which therapy is best for them. The ideal way to address osteoporosis is by adopting a healthy lifestyle. And the best time to do this is in childhood, when most bone mass is accumulated. Because bodies continue building bone until about age thirty, some experts believe that women in their twenties can still increase their bone strength by as much as 20 percent. Calcium, which is available in low-fat dairy foods and dark green vegetables, is essential for preventing osteoporosis. So is vitamin D, which aides calcium absorption. Vitamin D comes from sunlight, but dietary supplements may be helpful in northern climates and among those who don"t get outside. The final component is regular moderate exercise because bone responds to the needs that the body puts on it. These are the simple steps that can help make "the silent disease" truly silent.

单选题Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion—a world in which human beings could feel no love happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn. They could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: People would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: In a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members or groups. Society"s economic underpinnings would be destroyed: since there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object"s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us—hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life—from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society explains our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.