问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. The level of economic and industrial development enjoyed by a state affects the foreign policy goals it can pursue. (46) {{U}}As a general proposition, the more developed a state is economically, the more likely it is that it will play an activist role in the world political economy.{{/U}} Rich nations have interests that extend far beyond their borders and typically command the means necessary to pursue and protect them. (47) {{U}}Not coincidentally, countries that enjoy industrial capabilities and extensive involvement in international trade also tend to be militarily powerful, in part because military might is a function of economic capabilities. {{/U}}For two decades after world war two, the United States and the Soviet Union stood out as superpowers precisely because they benefited from that combination of economic and military capability including extensive arsenals of nuclear weapons and the means to deliver them anywhere, that enabled both to practice unrestrained globalism. Their imperial reach and interventionist behaviors were seemingly unrestrained by limited wealth or resources. In fact, major powers have been involved in foreign conflict more frequently than minor powers. Although economically advanced nations are more active globally, this does not mean that their privileged circumstances dictate adventuresome policies. Rich nations are usually "satisfied" ones that have much to lose from the onset of revolutionary change or global instability. (48) {{U}}For this reason, they usually perceive preservation of the status quo as serving their interests best, and they often practice international economic policies designed to protect and expand their envied position at the pinnacle of the global hierarchy. {{/U}} Levels of productivity and prosperity also affect the foreign policies of the poor states at the bottom of the hierarchy. (49) {{U}}Some respond to their economic weakness by complying subserviently with the wishes of the rich on which they depend. Others rebel defiantly, and they sometimes succeed in resisting major power efforts to control their international behavior. {{/U}} Hence efforts to generalize about the economic foundations of states' international political behavior often prove unrewarding. Levels of economic development vary widely among states in the international system, but they do not by themselves determine foreign policies. (50) {{U}}Instead the opportunities and constraints that leaders perceive in their nation's attributes, rather than the actual level of development, may be the determining source of states' international conduct. {{/U}}

问答题It is known that text message(手机短信)has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write an essay on text message. You can take either stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. You should write at least 150 words on ANSWER SHEET.

问答题COD

问答题What's your understanding of "Gender"? (西安交大2008研)

问答题写一短文描述一个地方的变化。内容包括： (1)什么地方； (2)什么变化； (3)自己对变化的感受。

问答题Language acquisition (浙江大学2004研)

问答题to meet one's waterloo

问答题Today, many countrymen are returning after they finish their study abroad. 2. Reasons for their returning. 3. Significance of their returning both to China and to themselves.

问答题I've read the newspaper that carries the important editorial.

问答题UThe UN Framework Convention on Climate Change/U is an international treaty produced at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.

问答题Write an essay of 300 words to state your own opinion on the following topic. Give examples, either your personal observations and experiences or simply things you have read that would back up your view. Your writing will be assessed for language, content, organization and length. Are Interpersonal Skills Important to Your Future Development?

问答题Register (南开大学2010研)

问答题The world's long romance with speed may finally be ending. Even if Concorde (协和式飞机) flies again, its antique nature was revealed as soon as the Paris accident made people scratch their heads and ask quite why these odd aircraft were still flying. Much of the technology that surrounded us has, when we look at it afresh, a Jules Verne quality solving problems that once seemed important in ways that ingenious but not necessarily efficient or safe. The reorientation of science toward the biological and computer frontiers is now truism, but the 19th-century fascination with motive power has retained a powerful hold on our imaginations and our economies. (1) Advances in motive power were for a long while the main way in which progress and national competition in technology were measured. First at sea, then on the railways, then on the roads, in the air and finally in space, more and more repaid movement was seen as a carefree good thing and also, in some vague way, as a key to a fuller understanding of the world. So intoxicating was this ultimate way in which the growing speed and reach of man-made vehicles could be used that when an unknown rocket enthusiast called Hermann Oberth published his By Rocket to Interplanetary Space in the 1920s, it represented such an escape from the difficulties of the present to the anxious citizens of Weimar Germany (德国魏玛共和国) that it became a bestseller overnight. (2) For individual sportsmen, pilots and drivers, speed had the status of a privileged substance to which, in those early days, only a minority had full access. Mechanized speed made men, and a few women, into heroes, and it remains a commodity to which males, in particular, are attracted. The front of the Boys Own Annual of half a century ago would typically feature a speeding train in the middle ground, a fast aeroplane above, and a racing car in the foreground, its time and behind the times, since the era of small-scale luxury air travel was over. A preoccupation with speed has always gone hand in hand with a preoccupation with safety, the two standards between them providing a way in which advanced states calibrate the state of civilization. Increasing speeds have indicated technical progress, while accidents indicate loss of control. The first world lives in constant fear of regression, of losing the scientific and organizational edge that enables it to be both fast and safe. That is one reason why air and sea accidents can attain such mythic status. The disparate treatment of first and third world accidents in the Western press is probably due more to the feeling that accidents are indicators of technical health than to any devaluation of African or Asian lives. Speed still has its kingdom, but it is shrinking. Its limits have long ago been reached on the roads, and its value in the air, even for manned military aircraft, is diminished agility and protection are as or more important. (3) It is still marginally attractive to make trains go faster. The pursuit of physical speed has been replaced by the pursuit of near instantaneity on the Net, an aim which we may in time come to regard just as skeptically. It is hard to imagine the mood in which David Lean's The Sound Barrier was made in 1952. Breaking that barrier seemed to hold the key to a mystery, but there was no mystery. Man can go faster, but that does not mean it is worth doing so.

问答题过去的一年，在各国政府和人民的热情关心和大力支持下，中外双方齐心协力，开拓创新，全球孔子学院取得可喜成绩： 一是稳步发展，势头良好。今年新增孔子学院40所、中小学孔子课堂97个。目前已在96个国家和地区建立了322所孔子学院和369个孔子课堂。注册学员比去年增加了56%，达到36万人。网络孔子学院开通9个语种，注册用户达10万人。这些努力为所在国民众学习汉语拓宽了渠道。 二是教师素质不断提升。专兼职教师净增1000人，达到4000人，其中中外双方各占一半。有3000人参加了总部实施的培训计划，总部还为各国孔子学院提供2000个奖学金名额，培养本土教师，促进了中外院长和教师业务素质的提升。 三是教材创编实现新进展。编写出版了45个语种的9套汉语教材和工具书，向各国孔子学院赠送图书40多万册，目前104所孔子学院编写出版了77种本土汉语教材，缓解了教材匮乏问题。2500名外国中小学教师来华接受教材培训，推动了所在地区的汉语教学。 四是品牌活动形成新声势。今年，300名校长、2000多名院长和教师应邀参观上海世博会，亲身感受了世界多元文化的交相辉映。部分亚洲国家孔子学院的大学校长还参观了广州亚运会。

问答题虽然缺乏人力，我们还是要设法按时完成这项工作。

问答题体育运动的好处(Benefits of Sports)

问答题Music is a part of the history of America. It expresses the problems and feelings of its people. As the years pass, the music grows and changes.

问答题The American mathematician Norbert Wiener first gave common use to the word "cybernetics" (from the Greek word for "steersman", "kubernetes" ), to describe that branch of study which is concemed with self-regulating systems of communication and control in living organisms and machines. The derivation seems apt, since the primary function of many cybernetic systems is to steer an optimum course through changing conditions towards a predetermined goal. We know from long experience that stable objects are those with broad bases and with most of their mass centred low, yet we seldom marvel at our own remarkable ability to stand up right, supported only by our jointed legs and narrow feet. To stay erect even when pushed, or when the surface beneath us moves, as on a ship or a bus; to be able to walk or run over rough ground without falling; to keep cool when it is hot or vice versa, are examples of cybernetic processes and of properties exclusive to living things and to highly automated machines.