问答题Paradigmatic relations (北交大2005研；中山大学2006研)

问答题{{U}}It was not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10{{/U}}th {{U}}and 11{{/U}}th{{U}} centuries.{{/U}} As a wife the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry(陪嫁). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of being discarded, but in reality, its function is that social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife's right to receive a tenth of all her husband's property. The wife had the fight to withhold consent in all transactions the husband would make. (2) {{U}}And more than just a fight: the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband.{{/U}} In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife. (3) {{U}}The wife shared in the management of her husband's personal property, but the opposition was not always true.{{/U}} (4) {{U}}Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own interests against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit.{{/U}} A case in point is that of Marls Vivas, a Catalan woman of Barcelona. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro's personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, "for the sake of peace". (5) {{U}}Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, within the extent of the family, a powerful economic position.{{/U}}

问答题Explain one of the teaching approaches that you"re familiar with and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. (浙江大学2004研)

问答题How do you understand the distinction between langue and parole introduced by Saussure?

问答题1. Some people think that college ranking is necessary; 2. Others argue that it is unnecessary; 3. You own comments.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then translate each underlined part into Chinese. 71. {{U}}Battles are like marriages. They have a certain fundamental experience they share in common. They differ infinitely, but still they are all alike. A battle seems to me a conflict of will with death in the same way that a marriage of love is the identification of two human beings to the end of creation of life--as death is the reverse of life, and love of hate. Battles are commitments to cause death as marriages are commitments to create life{{/U}}. Whether, for any individual, either union results in death or in the creation of life, each risks it-- and in the risk commits himself. 72. {{U}}As the servants of death, battles will always remain horrible. Those who are fascinated by them are being fascinated by death. There is no battle aim worthy of the name except that of ending all battles. Any other conception is, literally, suicidal. The fascist worship of battle is a suicidal drive. It is love of death instead of life{{/U}}. 73. {{U}}In the same idiom, to triumph in battle over the forces which are fighting for death is--again literally--to triumph over death. It is a surgeon's triumph as he cuts a body and bloodies his hands in removing a cancer in order to triumph over death that is in the body{{/U}}. In these thoughts I have found my own peace, and I return to an army that fights death and cynicism in the name of life and hope. It is a good army. Believe in it.

问答题A huge proportion of the Iranian budget is spent on subsidizing a wide range of goods for Iranian consumers from food to refined petroleum. President Ahmadinejad has been proposing a big cut in that subsidy. His argument is that it should be replaced with cash handouts to the most needy. But the Iranian parliament is worried that Mr Ahmadinejad"s proposal could increase inflation to an annual figure of up to 50%. So members of parliament have halved the proposed cuts. There"s concern that a dramatic rise in prices could provoke a new round of unrest and perhaps lead the poorer classes to give more active support to the opposition. There"re also suspicions that the real motive for the subsidy cut is to make up for a budget shortfall. Clear figures are hard to get hold of, but it seems that Mr Ahmadinejad"s government failed to build up any substantial cash reserves when oil prices were at record levels. For years Iranians have been suffering multiple economic problems including inflation at or above 20%. Blame is placed either on Mr Ahmadinejad"s eccentric management of Iran"s finances or on international sanctions or a combination of both. With new sanctions actively under discussion, the situation is not about to get any easier. 注释： (1)subsidize v. 资助，给……补贴subsidy n. 补贴 (2)refined petroleum精炼石油 (3)Ahmadinejad(伊朗总统)内贾德 (4)provoke v. 致使，引起 (5)suspicion n. 怀疑suspect v. 怀疑 (6)shortfall n. 赤字deficit的委婉说法，译为短缺，不足额 (7)substantial a. 实质的，大量的substance n. 物质 (8)multiple a. 复合的，多样的 (9)eccentric a. 怪癖的，古怪的 (10)sanction n. 经济制裁

问答题Directions: For this part, you"re required to write a letter with at least 120 words based on the following information. 假设你是李华，从电视上看到H7N9流感仍然在上海流行，并有少部分人因此而丧生，你为你正在上海上学的笔友Anderson的健康与安全担心。请你给他写一封信询问他的情况，并给他提出防护建议。 要点：1．询问(他的健康状况；人们对流行疾病的反应：是否感到恐惧等) 2．建议(至少三点)

问答题I was so interested in the story I was reading that I did not notice that it was getting dark. (Passage 3)

问答题B2B

问答题Frederic Henry(from: A Farewell to Arms)

问答题Choose one of the following authors and make a comment on any one of his/her literary works. (20 points)George Bernard Shaw Ralph Waldo Emerson Ezra Pound Doris Lessing

问答题Pessimists are such people who always expect bad things to happen in the world.

问答题What is a social dialect?

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. {{U}}At a time when Wall Street firms are being punished for misleading investors about dot-com stocks during the bubble, it' s all too easy to confuse financial excitement with technological reality.{{/U}} Many people are quick to dismiss any talk of an "Internet revolution" as so such' 90s chatter. (47) {{U}}There is a world of difference between crazy evaluations and serious technology, between Internet stocks and the Net itself.{{/U}} While investors have been complaining about their fate, chief executives have been busy embracing the Net. It' s time to get over the bubble talk and get real about technology' s promise. Or risk falling behind. The strong upturn in profits last quarter during a period of weak economic growth is proof to the productivity—enhancing power of the Net. Through boom, bust and recovery, annual productivity growth has powered along at around 2.5%. Without it, companies would have been forced to cut payrolls even further during the worst days of the decline. With it, companies are generating higher profits without big gains in revenues. As the economy picks up steam, productivity will likely boost profits even further. Despite usual wisdom, electronic business has exceeded even the dreamy projections of 1999. Business-to-business commerce conducted online will reach $ 2.6 trillion in 2003. And many surviving dot-com companies are doing surprisingly well. (48) {{U}}Some 40% of publicly held Net companies, including Amazon. com Inc. , were profitable in the fourth quarter of 2002, and half are expected to be profitable by the end of this year.{{/U}} True, there has been vicious disaster in the field. Venture capitalists poured $100 billion into more than 6,000 Net startups over the past decade, and 2,000 disappeared. Many ideas, some crazy and some not, failed. But eBay, Amazon. com, Yahoo!, Google, Expedia, and others are making money, thanks to a recovery in online advertising and they are changing the face of business. Just as the former IBM Chief Executive Louis V. Gerstner and others predicted, mainstream Corporate America is turning out to be the chief beneficiary of the Internet. Using it, companies are streamlining production, inventory, and sales; cutting costs; and tracking their customers. It apparently takes four to six years after first installing new systems before productivity gains are maximized. (49) {{U}}Most companies are in their third or fourth year, which may explain why productivity growth has been rising consistently during the downturn, instead of dropping as it usually does in a fall.{{/U}} It may also mean that productivity and profits may be stronger than expected in the second half of 2003 and in 2004. The US economy has had bad luck for three years. The bubble, terrorism, corporate fraud, war, and now SARS. Yet it has weathered these mostly unexpected shocks rather well. Smart financial and economic policy has helped. (50){{U}}But the real key has been Internet technology, which provided the flexibility and productivity to adjust quickly without drastic cuts.{{/U}} Think what the Net will do for the economy when we get back to normal.

问答题Mourning Becomes Electra

问答题The Sea of Faith / Was once, too, at the full, and round earth"s shore / lay like the folds of a bright girdle furled. "

问答题credit risk