填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For each numbered blank in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in each blank on the ANSWER SHEET. Sleep is an important part of our lives. We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping. For millions of people,{{U}} (51) {{/U}}, getting enough sleep is a continuing struggle. A recent study found that thirty-five percent of Americans have{{U}} (52) {{/U}}going to sleep or staying asleep. The problem is called insomnia. Insomnia exists{{U}} (53) {{/U}}a person is not able to get the{{U}} (54) {{/U}}of sleep needed to operate effectively. Insomnia is not{{U}} (55) {{/U}}in numbers of hours of sleep. This is because different people need{{U}} (56) {{/U}}amounts of sleep to feel rested. The most common problems{{U}} (57) {{/U}}from insomnia are sleepiness and trouble in completing work. Other problems are emotional disorders and difficulty{{U}} (58) {{/U}}thinking. The treatments for{{U}} (59) {{/U}}were discussed at a recent meeting of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies. The group's sleep experts say there are three kinds of insomnia. One{{U}} (60) {{/U}}is called transient insomnia. It{{U}} (61) {{/U}}just a few days. It is a result of moderate tension. The tension can be caused by a long airplane flight or a brief stay in a hospital.{{U}} (62) {{/U}}kind is called short-term insomnia. It lasts several weeks and results from more{{U}} (63) {{/U}}tension. The tension may be caused by problems at work or at home, a major sickness or the death of a loved one. The third kind of insomnia is called{{U}} (64) {{/U}}. It lasts longer than several weeks. It often is a sign of severe physical or{{U}} (65) {{/U}}problems. Sleep experts say anyone with long-term insomnia should be examined so the cause can be found and treated. Many things we eat or drink can affect our{{U}} (66) {{/U}}. Drinks containing alcohol or caffeine can block sleep.{{U}} (67) {{/U}}can some medicines. Other causes of insomnia include breathing problems or sudden, uncontrolled body movements during sleep. Because insomnia has so many causes, not all treatments are{{U}} (68) {{/U}}for everyone. But experts have offered some simple ideas that work for most people. If{{U}} (69) {{/U}}to sleep, they say, get up and go to another room, if possible. Stay up until you are really{{U}} (70) {{/U}}, them return to bed. Get up at the same time every day. Do not exercise just before going to bed. And, do not worry about past problems or future plans.

填空题{{B}}41. Extends Language Learning Time and Place:{{/B}} As many researchers have noted, e - mail extends what one can do in the classroom, since it provides a venue for meeting and communicating in the foreign language outside of class. Because of the nature of e - mails, FL learners do not have to be in a specific classroom at a particular time of day in order to communicate with others in the foreign language. They can log in and write e - mails from the comfort of their own room, from a public library or from a cyber - cafe, and these spatial possibilities increase the amount of time they can spend both composing and reading in the foreign language in a communicative context.{{B}}42. Provides a Context for Real - world Communication and Authentic Interaction:{{/B}} By connecting FL speakers outside of the classroom, e - mail also provides a context for communicating with other speakers in authentic communicative situations. Interaction via e - mail lends a feeling of reality to students' communicative efforts that may seem artificial in a classroom setting. This communicative interaction is much like spoken language because of its informal and interactive nature. Yet, unlike face- to- face communication, e- mail is in written form and this can serve the language learner well.{{B}}43. Expands Topics Beyond Classroom - based Ones:{{/B}} Language teachers often have to follow a rigorous schedule in terms of content and/or grammatical topics to be presented and practiced in a semester or marking period. Large chunks of time can rarely be spared for free communication.{{B}}44. Promotes Student - centered Language Learning:{{/B}} In e - mail communication, FL learners can experience increased control over their own learning, since they can choose the topic and change the direction of the discussion. The end goal is to communicate with another person in the FL rather than to produce a mistake - free composition.{{B}}45. Encourages Equal Opportunity Participation:{{/B}} Beauvois (1997) reported that computer- mediated communication increased total class participation to 100%.{{B}} Connects Speakers Quickly and Cheaply{{/B}} E - mail allows students to communicate with native speakers of the target language without the high cost of traveling a broad (Hedderich 1997; Roakes, 1998 ). Before the advent of the Internet, it was not possible to communicate so immediately and so frequently with native speakers or with other learners. [A] Others have noted that students reticent to speak in face -to -face contexts are more willing to participate in the electronic context ( Beauvois, 1995; Gonzalez - Bueno, 1998; Warschauer, 1995). [B] Rankin (1997) notes that the additional interaction in the foreign language provides FL learners with more input than they would be able to expect from class time, which typically amounts to not more than four hours per week in most high school or college settings. [C] E - mail allows for communication between students in a context where the teacher's role is no longer at the center (Patrikis, 1995). [D]E -mail gives learners an additional context for discussion that can be -- but does not necessarily have to be linked to topics being covered in class. [E] Frequently it is difficult for students to engage in an activity in a foreign language class without preparation ahead of time. A pre - class e - mail assignment can take care of the groundwork and save valuable class time. Examples are given of ways in which the teacher might prepare students for writing, listening, and speaking activities. [F] As Schwienkorst (1998) stressed, "The major advantage of written communication is... the possibility for each learner to preserve the entire communication ..." and to have for future use "an enormous sample of his or her own efforts in the target language."

填空题God did not create the universe and the "Big Bang" was an inevitable consequence of the laws of physics, the eminent British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking argues in a new book."Because there is a law such as gravity, the universe can and will create itself from nothing. Spontaneous creation is the reason there is something rather than nothing, why the universe exists, why we exist, " Hawking writes."It is not necessary to invoke God to light the blue touch paper and set the universe going. "Hawking, 68, who won global recognition with his 1988 book A Brief History of Time, an account of the origins of the universe, is renowned for his work on black holes, cosmology and quantum gravity.Since 1974, the scientist has worked on marrying the two cornerstones of modem physics—Albert Einstein"s General Theory of Relativity, which concerns gravity and large-scale phenomena, and quantum theory, which covers subatomic particles.

填空题The children looked wonderfully ______ with their bright eyes and rosy cheeks． 孩子们眼睛明亮，脸颊红润，看起来健康极了。

填空题不言而喻, the education of youth is of great importance to the future of a country.

填空题The scientists, concerned about the potential hazards, wanted the latest research finding made publicly.A. concerned aboutB. the latestC. madeD. publicly

填空题Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating habits, which in return increase the risk of heart disease.

填空题没有用 arguing with them on the issue.

填空题My little bother is often criticized for showing great ______ in everything he does． 我的小弟弟经常因为做什么事情都粗心大意而受到批评。

填空题In this section, there are 10 sentences with idiomatic usages. Fill in the gap of each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of the word is given as a hint.

填空题Your application ______ sole agency is none ______ our careful consideration.

填空题Linguistic potential is similar to Saussure's langue and Chomsky's______.

填空题Another problem with habits is that if you draw attention to them they generally become worse, but if you ignore them, this will have a mar______ effect only.

填空题________ more time, the experts will be able to find out a better solution to tproblem. (Give)

填空题The driver ______ the policemans warning and finally got into trouble． 那司机不理睬警察的警告，终于惹了麻烦。

填空题This is 为什么他不想上学的原因。

填空题Fighting broke out between the North statesand Southern states.

填空题Isnt this straw hat beautiful? My wife ______ it on her business trip to China last year.

填空题We can ______ with people all over the world by telephone. (communication)