单选题（清华大学2008年试题） The changes in globally averaged temperature that have occurred at the Earth's surface over the past century are similar in size and timing to those【1】by models that take into account the combined influences of human factors and solar variability. To【2】the question of attribution requires the【3】of more powerful and complex methods, beyond the use of global averages alone. New studies have focused on【4】maps or patterns of temperature change in【5】and in models. Pattern analysis is the cli-matologically equivalent of the more comprehensive tests in the medical analogy mentioned【6】, and makes it possible to achieve more definitive【7】of observed climate changes to a particular cause or causes. The expected influence of human activities is thought to be much more complex than uniform warming over the entire surface of the Earth and over the whole【8】cycle. Patterns of change over space and time therefore provide a more powerful【9】technique. The basic idea【10】pattern-based approaches is that different【11】causes of climate change have different characteristic patterns of climate response or fingerprints. Attribution studies seek to【12】a fingerprint match between the patterns of climate change【13】by models and those actually observed. The most recent assessment of the science suggests that human activities have led to a discernible【14】on global climate and that these activities will have an increasing influence on future climate. The burning of coal, oil and natural gas, as well as various agricultural and industrial practices, are【15】the composition of the atmosphere and contributing to climate change. These human activities have led to increased atmospheric【16】of a number of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane and so on in the lower atmosphere. Human activities, such as the burning of fossil, have also increased the【17】of small particles in the atmosphere. These particles can change the【18】of energy that is absorbed and reflected by the atmosphere. They are also believed to modify the【19】of air and clouds, changing the amount of energy that they absorb and reflect. Intensive studies of the climatic effects of these particles began only recently and the overall【20】is uncertain. It is likely that the net effect of these small particles is to cool the climate and to partially offset the warming of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases.

单选题The lady was experienced enough to maintain her ______ despite her blunders.

单选题 The first true piece of sports equipment that man invented was the ball. In ancient Egypt, as everywhere, pitching stones was a favorite children's game. But a badly thrown rock could hurt a child. Looking for something less dangerous to throw, the Egyptians made what were probably the first balls. At first, bails were made of grass or leaves held together by vines. Later they were made of piece of animal skin sewed together and stuffed with feathers or hay. Even though the Egyptians were warlike, they found time for peaceful games. Before long they had developed a number of ball games, each with its own set of rules. Perhaps they played ball more for instruction than for fun. Ball playing was thought of mainly as a way to teach young men the speed and skill they would need for war.

单选题In 1993, a mall security camera captured a shaky image of two 10-year-old boys leading a much smaller boy out of a Liverpool, England, shopping center. The boys lured Jarfies Bulger, away from his mother, who was shopping, and led him on a long walk across town. The excursion ended at a railroad track. There, inexplicably, the older boys tortured the toddler, kicking him, smearing paint on his face and pummeling him to death with bricks before leaving him on the track to be dismembered by a train. The boys, Jon Venables and Robert Thompson, then went off to watch cartoons. Today the boys are 18-year-old men, and after spending eight years in juvenile facilities, they have been deemed fit for release, probably this spring. The dilemma now confronting the English justice system is how to reintegrate the notorious duo into a society that remains horrified by their crimes and skeptical about their rehabilitation. Last week Judge Elizabeth Butler-Sloss decided the young men were in so much danger that they needed an unprecedented shield to protect them upon release. For the rest of their lives, Venables and Thompson will have a right to anonymity. All English media outlets are banned from publishing any information about their whereabouts or the new identities the government will help them establish. Photos of the two or even details about their current looks are also prohibited. In the U. S., which is harder on juvenile criminals than England, such a ruling seems inconceivable. "We're clearly the most punitive in the industrialized world," says Laurence Steinberg, a Temple University professor who studies juvenile justice. Over the past decade, the trend in the U. S. has been to allow publication of ever more information about underage offenders. U. S. courts also give more weight to press freedom than English courts, which, for example, ban all video cameras. But even for Britain, the order is extraordinary. The victim's family is enraged, as are the ever eager British tabloids. "What right have they got to be given special protection as adults?" asks Bulger's mother Denise Fergus. Newspaper editorials have insisted that citizens have a right to know if Venables or Thompson move in next door. Says conservative Member of Parliament Humfrey Malins: "It almost leaves you with the feeling that the nastier the crime, the greater the chance for a passport to a completely new life./

单选题While the population of the United States includes a great variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds, Korea's population is______.

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题From para. 7 we may draw the conclusion that______.

单选题The boy wrote ______ last week. A) a two-thousand-words article B) two two-thousand-words article C) a two-thousand-word article D) two two-thousand-words articles

单选题Man: I'll pick up a turkey the day before Thanksgiving.Woman: Did you order one ahead of time?Man: No.Woman: Then I wouldn't count on it.Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy's vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services arid factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own. Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs. Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firm's health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that mean the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save. Frequent checks of your firm's vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot idea.

单选题(2003)______the weather, we got here quite quickly.

单选题In country after country, talk of nonsmoker's right is in the air. While a majority of countries have taken little (51) no action yet, some 30 nations have introduced legislated steps to control smoking. Many laws have been introduced in other countries to (52) clear the air for nonsmokers, or to cut cigarette consumption. Smoking is harmful (53) the health of people. World governments should conduct serious campaigns against it. (54) on cigarette advertisements, plus health warnings on packages and ban on public smoking in certain places, (55) as theaters, cinemas and restaurants, are the most popular tools used by nations in (56) of nonsmokers or in controlling smoking. But world attention is also focusing on another step (57) will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. Great efforts should be made to (58) young people especially of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. And cigarette price should be raised. In the long run, (59) is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether but many people are not (60) for such drastic action.

单选题About how many more whales have been sighted in the San Francisco Bay this year compared to last year?

单选题As if they didn't have their hands full with Iraq and terrorism, U. S. intelligence agencies are being drawn into the debate over whether the United States is imminently threatened by a deadly outbreak of bird influenza and whether the Bush administration has adequately prepared for such an epidemic. Over the last two weeks, the administration has held bird flu briefings classified "Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information" for members of both houses of Congress. A counterterrorism official indicated that the intelligence community is also studying whether it would be possible for terrorists to somehow exploit the avian flu virus and use it against the United States, though there is no evidence that terrorists have in any way tried to do so. The World Health Organization is warning that if a pandemic (a disease for which there is no certain treatment and to which humans have no natural immunity.) outbreak occurs, "at least 30 million people worldwide could require hospitalization, and at least 2 million people could die." The alarming figures like these in recent weeks caught the attention of President George W. Bush and other White House aides. An intelligence official said, "The briefings did contain classified information. The reason the information is classified is because some of it was acquired through clan-destine means." A leading public-health expert, Dr. Irwin Redlener, said, "This is old-fashioned cold war secrecy being applied to a public-health issue-a very bad idea." Redlener has criticized President Bush and other administration officials for hinting recently that in the event of a pandemic bird flu outbreak, the federal government might rely heavily on the military to establish quarantine zones and restrict public movement to limit the possible spread of disease. Despite HSN1 (a bird flu strain) is reported mortality rate of 50 percent or more, Dr. Redlener says that by the time such a virus did arrive in the United States, its strength might be significantly degraded. But he notes that in the case of the 1918 Spanish flu, the eventual mortality rate of the virus turned out to be around 2 percent, yet millions still died. What is vexing the Bush administration and other public-health professionals is the fact that the United States is not particularly well prepared in the event a bird flu pandemic does strike in the near future. HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) Secretary Mike Leavitt is currently on a trip to several countries in Asia to get a firsthand look at measures some countries are taking to contain the spread of known bird flu cases. The best defense against a deadly flu pandemic would be stopping it where it starts.

单选题Speaker A. I'm sorry. The brand of camera you want is not available now. Speaker B：______ A. No use sayings sorry. That's a real let down. B. I'm truly grateful for your help. C. That's a pity. Thank you anyway. D. It's just as I've expected.

单选题His ______ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly. A. careful B. unreadable C. beautiful D. silent