问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) Sir Richard Friend is a tough man to track down. Phone calls to his two labs at Cambridge University go unanswered, and so do e-mails. In the end, a reporter has to leave a note in his campus pigeonhole. The elusive Friend is the unlikely instigator of what may be a revolution in electronics: plastics. (46) {{U}}Although most electronic devices make use of silicon chips, Friend sees a future in which mobile phones, TVs, watches, computers and other devices incorporate inexpensive plastic chips{{/U}}. (47) {{U}}Friend's vision is based on his own discoveries, back in the '80s and '9Os, that plastics can be used to make transistors, the basic element of chips, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which glow when electricity passes through them{{/U}}. His work has already yielded a new generation of lighter, thinner, brighter, cheaper and more flexible electronic screens for everything from lightweight mobile phones to disposable "talking" electronic greeting cards. (48) {{U}}Now he's working on devices that might bring us talking cereal boxes or advertising posters that light up and speak as you walk by{{/U}}. The materials might even be spray-painted onto walls that change color with the weather, or go into pillboxes that tell you when to take your medication. It sounds farfetched, but the basic technology is already at hand, E-books with flexible screens that can be rolled up and put into your pocket should start appearing in the next few years. (49) {{U}}And plastic chips, which can be laid onto almost any surface, could be printed--just as ink is printed onto paper--onto any number of flexible surfaces{{/U}}. General Electric is working with the Department of Energy--to create large flexible sheets that could illuminate a room. If you think everything is digital now, just wait. (50) {{U}}"Products in your fridge tagged with a chip would automatically change color after their sell-by date," says Peter Harrop, chairman of market-research firm IDTechEx{{/U}}. For his Cambridge students, Sir Richard has one word of advice: plastics.

问答题Mansfield Park

问答题当前我国经济发展迅速，能源供应的压力较大，这跟我国当前经济和社会发展所处的阶段不无关系。但是，不管我们处于哪个发展阶段，如果消耗能源过多，就会因此受到惩罚，面临能源匮乏、环境污染和生态破坏等困境。

问答题他告诉我们的事是如此感人以至于我忍不住流下了眼泪。

问答题The roles of admission into the world economy not only reflect little awareness of developing priorities, they are often completely unrelated to sensible economic principles. For instance, WTO agreements on antidumping, subsidies and countervailing measures, agriculture, textiles, and trade-related intellectual property rights lack any economic rationale beyond the mercantilist interest of a narrow set of powerful groups in advanced industrial countries. Bilateral and regional trade agreements ale typically far worse, as they impose even tighter prerequisites on developing countries in return for crumbs of enhanced "market access". For example, the African Growth and Opportunity Act signed by U. S. President Clinton in May 2000 provides increased access to the U. S. market only if African apparel manufacturers use U. S. -produced fabric and yarns. This restriction severely limits the potential economic spillover in African countries.

问答题元宵节

问答题There is probably no limit to what science can do in the way of increasing positive excellence. 【T1】 Health has already been greatly improved; in spite of the lamentations of those who idealize the past, we live longer and have fewer illnesses than any class or nation in the eighteenth century . With a little more application of the knowledge we already possess, we might be much healthier than we are. And future discoveries are likely to accelerate this process enormously. So far, it has been physical science that has had the most effect upon our lives, but in the future physiology and psychology are likely to be far more potent. 【T2】 When we have discovered how character depends upon physiological conditions, we shall be able, if we choose, to produce far more of the type of human beings that we admire . Intelligence, artistic capacity, benevolence—all these things no doubt could be increased by science. There seems scarcely any limit to what could be done in the way of producing a good world, if only men would use science wisely. 【T3】 There is a certain attitude about the application of science to human life with which I have some sympathy, though I do not, in the last analysis, agree with it. It is the attitude of those who dread what is "unnatural" . Rousseau is, of course, the great protagonist of the view in Europe. In Asia, Lao-Tze had set it forth even more persuasively, and 2,400 years sooner. 【T4】 I think there is a mixture of truth and falsehood in the admiration of "nature", which it is important to disentangle. To begin with, what is "natural"? Roughly speaking, anything to which the speaker was accustomed in childhood . Lao-Tze objects to roads and carriages and boats, all of which were probably unknown in the village where he was born. Rousseau has got used to these things, and does not regard them as against nature. But he would no doubt have thundered against railways if he had lived to see them. Clothes and cooking are too ancient to be denounced by most of the apostles of nature, though they all object to new fashions in either. Birth control is thought wicked by people who tolerate celibacy, because the former is a new violation of nature and the latter an ancient one. 【T5】 In these ways those who preach "nature" are inconsistent, and one is tempted to regard them as mere conservatives .

问答题The estimates of the numbers of home-schooled children vary widely. The U.S. Department of Education estimates there are 250 000 to 350 000 home-schooled children in the country. Home- school advocates put the number much higher—at about a million. Many public school advocates take a harsh attitude toward home schoolers, perceiving their actions as the ultimate slap for public education and a damaging move for the children. (1) Home schoolers harbor few kind words for public schools, charging shortcomings that range from lack of religious Perspective in the curriculum to a herdlike approach to teaching children. (2) Yet, as public school officials realize they stand little to gain by remaining hostile to the home-school population, and as home schoolers realize they can reap benefits from public schools, these hard lines seem to be softening a bit. Public schools and home schoolers have moved closer to tolerance and, in some cases, even cooperation. Says John Marshall, an education official, "We are becoming relatively tolerant of home schoolers." The idea is: "Let's give the kids access to public school so they'll see it's not as terrible as they've been told, and they'll want to come back." Perhaps, but don't count on it, say home-school advocates. (3) Home schoolers oppose the system because they have strong convictions that their approach to education--whether fueled by religious enthusiasm or the individual child's interests and natural pace—is best. "The bulk of home schoolers just want to be left alone," says Enge Cannon, associate director of the National Center for Home Education. She says home schoolers choose that path for a variety of reasons, but religion plays a role 85 percent of the time. Professor Van Galen breaks home schoolers into two groups. (4) Some home schoolers want their children to learn not only traditional subject matter but also "strict religious doctrine and a conservative political and social perspective. Not incidentally, they also want their children to learn—both intellectually and emotionally—that the family is the most important institution in society." Other home schoolers contend "not so much that the schoolers teach heresy (异端邪说), but that schoolers teach whatever they teach inappropriately," Van Galen writes. (5) "These parents are highly independent and strive to 'take responsibility' for their own lives within a society that they define as bureaucratic and inefficient."

问答题Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(20%) Discipline and Punish(1975)is a genealogical study of the development of the "gentler" modern way of imprisoning criminals rather than torturing or killing them. While recognizing the element of genuinely enlightened reform, Foucault particularly emphasizes how such reform also becomes a vehicle of more effective control: "to punish less, perhaps; but certainly to punish better". He further argues that the new mode of punishment becomes the model for control of an entire society, with factories, hospitals and schools modeled on the modern prison. We should not, however, think that the deployment of this model was due to the explicit decisions of some central controlling agency. In typically genealogical fashion, Foucault"s analysis shows how techniques and institutions, developed for different and often quite innocuous purposes converged to create the modern system of disciplinary power.

问答题"Sustainability" has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice. Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He'd been through the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency. It didn't go well. "It was a really bad move because that's not my passion," says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. "I was miserable. I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, 'Just wait, you'll turn the corner, give it some time.'"

问答题reader-response criticism

问答题Self knowledge is the indispensable prelude to self-control, for the nation as well as for the in dividual. History should forever remind us of the limits of our passing perspectives. It should strengthen us to resist the pressure to convert momentary impulses into moral abso lutes. It should lead us to recognition of the fact, so often and so sadly displayed, that the future outwits all our certitudes and that the possibilities of the future are more various than the human intellect is designed to conceive.

问答题When students first go to a library，they may be at a loss as to what to read of all the different subjects．(passage3)

问答题Wealthy Chinese tourists are expected to spend a billion pounds on luxury goods during the sales. The booming "Peking Pound" has accounted for almost a third of post-Christmas purchases of high end goods such as Burberry, Mulberry, Louis Vuitton and Gucci. Many West End stores have appointed assistants who speak Mandarin to help cash in on the massive new market. Retail analysts said Chinese shoppers have taken over from Russians and Arabs as the biggest spenders on luxury items in Britain. "Like anyone, they enjoy getting a bargain so the post-Christmas sales are inevitably an especially busy period." China"s rapidly-growing economy has generated a vast new market for luxury goods. But the high taxes levied on imported Western goods in China makes purchasing these products in Britain 20 to 30 per cent cheaper for them. They are also attracted by the cachet of buying a luxury item from its country of origin. He said Chinese buyers now account for about 30 per cent of the luxury goods market in Britain, followed by Russians, Arabs and Japanese, with British shoppers making up only around 15 per cent of the purchases. Luxury fashion house Burberry says Chinese shoppers make up nearly a third of the customers in its London stores, helping to boost sales by more than a fifth in 2010.

问答题Topic: {{B}}The Value of Failure{{/B}}

问答题昨夜肯定下雨了，因为我早晨醒来时发现草地是湿的。

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Writeanessayof160--200wordsbasedonthefollowing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethepicturebriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Tell the sense relation between a and b in each pair:（北二外2007研)

问答题 Our daily existence is divided into two phases, as distinct as day and night. We call them work and play. We work many hours a day and we allow the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping. 46) {{U}}The rest we spend in various activities which are known as recreations, an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure, but spend them in various forms of passive enjoyment or entertainment.{{/U}} We need to make, therefore, a hard-and-fast distinction not only between work and play but, equally, between active play and passive entertainment. 47) {{U}}It is, I suppose, the decline of active play — of amateur sport — and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment which have given rise to a sociological interest in the problem{{/U}}. If the greater part of the population, instead of indulging in sport, spend their hours of leisure "viewing" television programs, there will inevitably be a decline in health and physique. In addition, we have yet to trace the mental and moral consequences of prolonged diet of sentimental or sensational spectacles on the screen. 48) {{U}}There is, if we are optimistic, the possibility that the diet is too thin and unnourishing to have much permanent effect on anybody.{{/U}} Nine films out of ten seem to leave absolutely no impression on the mind or imagination of those who have seen them. 49) {{U}}It is only when entertainment is active, participated in, practiced, that it can properly be called play, and as such it is a natural use of leisure.{{/U}} In that sense play stands in contrast to work, and is usually regarded as an activity that alternates with work. Work itself is not a single concept. We say quite generally that we work in order to make a living. Some of us work physically, tilling the land, minding the machines, digging the coal; others work mentally, keeping accounts, inventing machines, teaching and preaching, managing and governing. 50) {{U}}There does not seem to be any factor common to all these diverse occupations, except that they consume our time, and leave us little leisure.{{/U}}