单选题How efficient is our system of criminal trial? Does it really do the basic job we ask of it—convicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent? It is often said that the British trail system is more like a game than a serious attempt to do justice. The lawyers on each side are so engrosses in playing hard to win, challenging each other and the judge on technical points, that the object of finding out the truth is almost forgotten. All the effort is concentrated on the big day, on the dramatic cross examination of the key witnesses in front of the jury. Critics like to compare our "adversarial" system (resembling two adversaries engaged in a contest) with the continental "inquisitorial" system, under which the judge plays a more important inquiring role. In early times, in the Middle Ages, the systems of trial across Europe were' similar. At that time trial by "ordeal"—especially a religious event--was the main way of testing guilt or innocence. When this way eventually abandoned the two systems parted company. On the continent church-trained legal officials took over the function of both prosecuting and judging, while in England these were largely left to lay people, the Justice of the Peace and the jurymen who were illiterate and this meant that all the evidence had to be put to them orally. This historical accident dominates procedure even today, with all evidence being given in open court by word of mouth on the crucial day. On the other hand, in France for instance, all the evidence is written before the trial under supervision by an investigating judge. This exhaustive pretrial looks very undramatic; much of it is just a public checking of the written records already gathered. The Americans adopted the British system lock, stock and barrel and enshrined it in their constitution. But, while the basic features of our systems are common, there are now significant differences in the way serious cases are handled. First, because the U. S. A. has virtually no contempt of court laws to prevent pretrial publicity in the newspaper and on television, Americans lawyers are allowed to question jurors about knowledge and beliefs. In Britain this is virtually never allowed, and a random selection of jurors who are presumed not to be prejudiced are empanelled. Secondly, there is no separate profession of barrister in the United States, and both prosecution and defense lawyers who are to present cases in court prepare themselves. They go out and visit the scene, track down and interview witnesses, and familiarize themselves personally with the background. In Britain it is the solicitor who prepares the case, and the barrister who appears in court is not even allowed to meet witness beforehand, British barristers also alternate doing both prosecution and defense work. Being kept distant from the preparation and regularly appearing for both sides, barristers are said to avoid becoming too personally involved, and can approach cases more dispassionately. American lawyers, however, often know their cases better. Reformers rightly want to learn from other countries~ mistakes and successes. But what is clear is that justice systems, largely because they are the result of long historical growth, are peculiarly difficult to adapt piecemeal.

单选题 中国的红灯笼(red lanterns)有非常悠久的历史。红灯笼已成为中国非常著名的标志。灯笼有不同的形状、大小，也有各种各样的制作方法。最常见的灯笼是红色的。红色在传统意义上象征着好运和欢乐。最早的灯笼是为了实用性而制作的。今天，尽管灯笼已失去了实用需求，但依然很受中国人欢迎。唐人街(Chinatowns)也可以看到灯笼，人们为了招揽生意，经常在店铺外悬挂灯笼。

单选题When Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President of the United States in 1932, not only the United States but also the rest of the world was in the throes of an economic depression. Following the termination of World War I , Britain and the United States at first experienced a boom in industry. Called the roaring Twenties, the 1920s ushered in a number of things——prosperity, greater equality for women in the work world, rising consumption, and easy credit. The outlook for American business was rosy. October 1929 was a month that had catastrophic economic reverberations worldwide. The American stock market witnessed the "Great Crash," as it is called, and the temporary boom in the American economy came to a standstill. Stock prices sank, and panic spread. The ensuing unemployment figure soared to 12 million by 1932. Germany in the postwar years suffered from extreme deprivation because of burdensome compensation it was obliged to pay to the Allies. The country's industrial capacity had been greatly diminished by the war. Inflation, political instability, and high unemployment were factors helpful to the growth of the initial Nazi party. Germans had lost confidence in their old leaders and heralded the arrival of a messiah-like figure who would lead them out of their economic wilderness. Hitler promised jobs and, once elected, kept his promise by providing employment in the party, in the newly expanded army, and in munitions factories. Roosevelt was elected because he promised a "New Deal" to lift the United States out of the doldrums of the depression. Following the principles by Keynes, a British economist, Roosevelt collected the spending capacities of the federal government to provide welfare, work, and agricultural aid to the millions of down-and-out Americans. Elected President for four terms because of his innovative policies, Roosevelt succeeded in dragging the nation out of the depression before the outbreak of World War II.

单选题 What enables some people to get big creative breakthroughs while others only get small and non-creative breakdowns, blaming themselves and society? Are some people gifted? Are there other factors 21

单选题Brooding and hopelessness are the ______ of Indians in the prairie reservations most of the time.

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark 'Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.' You can cite examples to illustrate the impact of social environment. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

单选题The umbrella was used only by royalty or those in high office ______.

单选题(Fighting) broke (out) (between) the Northern (states) and Southern states.

单选题______of the young men in our village find odd jobs in the city. A. Half ]3. Fifty percent C. Two fifths D. All the above

单选题Not always ______ they want to.A. people can do whatB. people cannot do whatC. can people do whatD. can' t people do what

单选题现代设计被视为解决功能、创造市场、( )和改变行为的手段。

单选题Rising prices may ______ the rise in demand for these goods.

单选题The company ______ many fine promises to the engineer in order to get him to work for them.

单选题We are quite ______to our parents and our teacher.

单选题The football players need total concentration during ___________.

单选题Under the rules laid down by the bank there is a ______ on the amount of money you can get out from a cash machine in any one day.