单选题The government slated new elections in the spring, largely as a result of the public clamor.

单选题Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, ff not more expensive than, ______at the other store.

单选题All of the people at the conference are______. A．mathematic teachers B．mathematics teacher C．mathematics teachers D．mathematics teachers

单选题He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal.

单选题 Set Your Body's Time Clock Our Body Operates Like a Clock A. As the first rays of sunlight filter over the hills of California's Silicon Valley, Charles Winget opens his eyes. It is barely 5a.m., but Winget is raring (渴望) to go. Meanwhile, his wife pulls up the covers and buries her face under the pillow. 'For the past fifteen years,' says Winget, 'We've hardly ever gotten up together.' B. The Wingets' situation is not uncommon. Our bodies operate with the complexity of clocks, and like clocks, we all run at slightly different speeds. Winget is a morning person. His wife is not at her best until after nightfall. C. Behavioral scientists long attributed such differences to personal eccentricities or early conditioning. This thinking was challenged in the late 1950s by a theory labeled chronobiology by physician-biologist Franz Halberg. In a Harvard University laboratory, Dr. Halberg found that certain blood cells varied predictably in number, depending on the time of day they were drawn from the body. The cell count was higher at a given time of day and lower 12 hours later. He also discovered that the same patterns could be detected in heart and metabolic rates and body temperature. D. Halberg's explanation: instead of performing at a steady, unchanging rate, our systems function on an approximately 25-hour cycle. Sometimes we are accelerating, sometimes slowing down. We achieve peak efficiency for only a limited time each day. Halberg dubbed these bodily cadences 'circadian rhythms'. E. Much of the leading work in chronobiology is sponsored today by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Charles Winger, a NASA research physiologist and authority on circadian rhythms, says that circadian principles have been applied to astronauts' work schedules on most of the space-shuttle flights. F. The space-age research has many useful applications here on earth. Chronobiologists can tell you when to eat and still lose weight, what time of day you're best equipped to handle the toughest challenges, when to go to the dentist with your highest threshold of pain and when to exercise for maximum effect. Says Winget, 'It's a biological law of human efficiency: to achieve your best with the least effort, you have to coordinate the demands of your activities with your biological capacities.' How to Figure Out Your Body's Patterns G. Circadian patterns can be made to work for you. But you must first learn how to recognize them. Winger and his associates have developed the following approach to help you figure out your body's patterns. H. Take your temperature one hour after getting up in the morning and then again at four-hour intervals throughout the day. Schedule your last reading as close to bedtime as possible. You should have five readings by the end of the day. I. Now add your first, third and fifth readings and record this total. Then add your second and fourth readings and subtract this figure from the first total. That number will be an estimate of your body temperature in the middle of the night—consider it your sixth reading. J. Now plot all six readings on graph paper. The variations may seem minuscule (极小的)—only one-tenth of a degree in some cases—but they are significant. You'll probably find that your temperature will begin to rise between 3 a.m. and 6 a.m., reaching a peak sometime in the late morning or early afternoon. By evening the readings start to drop. They will steadily decline, reaching their nadir (最低点) at around 2 a.m. Learn to Use Your Body's Pattern K. Of course, individual variations make all the difference. At what hour is your body temperature on the rise? When does it reach its highest point? Its lowest? Once you have familiarized yourself with you patterns, you can take advantage of chronobiology techniques to improve your health and productivity. L. We do our best physical work when our rhythms are at their peak. In most people, this peak lasts about four hours. Schedule your most taxing (费力的) activities when your temperature is highest. M. For mental activities, the timetable is more complicated. Precision tasks, such as mathematical work are best tackled when your temperature is on the rise. For most people, this is at 8 or 9 a.m. By contrast reading and reflection are better pursued between 2 and 4 p.m., the time when body temperature usually begins to fall. N. Breakfast should be your largest meal of the day for effective dieting. Calories burn faster one hour after we wake up than they do in the evening. During a six-year research project known as the Army Diet Study, Dr. Halberg, chronobiologist Robert Sothern and research associate Erna Halberg monitored the food intake of two groups of men and women. Both ate only one 2000-calorie meal a day, but one group ate their meal at breakfast and the other at dinner. 'All the subjects lost weight eating breakfast,' states Sothern. 'Those who ate dinner either maintained or gained weight.' O. If foods are processed differently at different times of day, certainly caffeine, alcohol and medicines will be too. Aspirin compounds, for example, have the greatest potency (力量) in the morning, between 7 and 8. (So does alcohol.) They are least effective between 6 p.m. and midnight. Caffeine has the most impact around 3 in the afternoon. Charles Walker, dean of the College of Pharmacy at Florida A M University, explains, 'Stimulants are most effective when you are normally active, and sedatives (镇静物) work best when you're naturally sedate or asleep.' P. Knowing your rhythms can also help overcome sleep problems. Consult your body-temperature chart. Your bedtime should coincide with the point at which your temperature is lowest. This is between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. for most people. Q. Dr. Michael Thorpy of the Sleep-Wake Disorders Center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City offers other circadian sleep tips: go to bed at the same time every night and get up at the same time every morning, even on weekends. 'Irregularity in sleep and waking times is the greatest cause of sleep problems,' Dr. Thorpy says. The best way to recover from a bad night's sleep is simply to resume your normal cycle. Beware of sleeping pills. 'Most sleeping pills won't work for periods longer than two weeks,' warns Dr. Thorpy. And there is real danger of drug accumulation in the blood. R. Visit a doctor or dentist as early in the day or as late in the evening as possible, since your highest pain threshold is between 8 p.m. and 8 a.m. S. Winget and fellow NASA chronobiologist Charles DeRoshia also offer advice to diminish the debilitating effects of jet lag: a week or so before departure begin adjusting your daily activities so that they coincide with the time schedule of your destination. Eat a small, high-protein, low-carbohydrate meal just before your trip. Get plenty of sleep in the days before your trip. In flight, eat very little, drink lots of water and avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks. When you arrive, walk around, talk to people, try to adapt to your environment. Before retiring, have a light meal, high in carbohydrates. Take a warm bath. T. Knowing your body's patterns is no guarantee of good health. But what chronobiology reveals is the importance of regularity in all aspects of your life and of learning to act in synchronization with your body's natural rhythms.

单选题 上海博物馆位于人民广场的南侧，是一座大型的中国古代艺术博物馆。它的陈列面积为2800平方米，馆藏珍贵文物12万件，其所收藏的青铜器、陶瓷(ceramics)、书法、绘画等质量精湛，在国内外享有盛誉。上海博物馆创建于1952年，发展迅速，在文物收藏、保护、研究、展出以及与其他机构的文化交流方面均有不俗的成就。1992年，在上海市政府的决策下，开始在市中心建立新馆。新的上海博物馆设有11个展馆(gallery)和3个展览厅。目前，它正以崭新的面貌迎接着八方来客。

单选题Institutions of higher learning must move, as the historian Walter Russell Mead puts it, from a model of "time served" to a model of "stuff learned." Because increasingly the world does not care what you know. Everything is on Google. The world only cares, and will only pay for, what you can do with what you know. And therefore it will not pay for a C-plus in chemistry, just because your state college considers that a passing grade and was willing to give you a diploma. We"re moving to a more competency-based world, where there will be less interest in how you acquired the competency and more demand to prove that you mastered the competency. Therefore, we have to get beyond the current system of information and delivery—the professorial "sage on the stage" and students taking notes, followed by a superficial assessment, to one in which students are asked and empowered to master more basic material online at their own pace, and the classroom becomes a place where the application of that knowledge can be honed through lab experiments and discussions with the professor. There seemed to be a strong consensus that this "blended model" combining online lectures with a teacher-led classroom experience was the ideal. Last fall, San Jose State used the online lectures and interactive exercises of MIT"s introductory online Circuits and Electronics course. Students would watch the MIT lectures and do the exercises at home. Then in class, the first 15 minutes were reserved for questions and answers with the San Jose State professor, and the last 45 were devoted to problem-solving and discussion. Preliminary numbers indicate that those passing the class went from nearly 60 percent to about 90 percent. We demand that plumbers and kindergarten teachers be certified to do what they do, but there is no requirement that college professors know how to teach. No more . The world of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) is creating a competition that will force every professor to improve his or her pedagogy or face an online competitor. Bottom line: There is still huge value in the residential college experience and the teacher-student and student-student interactions it facilitates. But to thrive, universities will have to nurture even more of those unique experiences while blending in technology to improve education outcomes in measurable ways at lower costs. We still need more research on what works, but standing still is not an option.

单选题The neighbors do not considered him quite ______ as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing.

单选题Louis Herman, at the University of Hawaii, has ______ a series of new experiments in which some animals have learned to understand sentences.

单选题"None of them need do any work today, ______ they?" "Yes, all of them ______.

单选题The central plan, ______ by the government, shows the amount of each goods produced by the various firms and shared among different households for consumption.

单选题 According to a study conducted last April, female seniors studying at Boston College left the university with lower self-confidence than when they entered as freshmen. The study, administered by the Office of Institutional Research, Planning and Assessment at Boston College, examined two surveys: the first of which was taken by students during their freshman year, and the second of which was taken by students exiting their senior year. Despite reports of high academic achievement, most female students gave themselves weaker self evaluations in the second survey. Abbey Clark, a senior and founder of the Boston College chapter (分会) of I AM THAT GIRL, a female-empowerment (赋权) community, says the finding is 'startling'. Clark hopes to change the trend by creating an open community that will ignite (点燃) confidence and empowerment in young women. I AM THAT GIRL, a global community which aims to help girls turn their self-doubt into self-love, is all about celebrating women's unique selves, Clark says. 'I AM THAT GIRL helps girls turn their stories of struggle and adversity (逆境) into stories of connectedness and empowerment and feeling good about themselves,' Clark says. 'I think that all high school girls at one time or another can relate to the feeling of not being good enough.' To help young girls overcome these feelings, Clark says I AM THAT GIRL at Boston College, which boasts 100 members in its first registered year on campus, holds weekly meetings offering a 'safe space' for college students in which they can discuss topics like body image, relationships, family dynamics and finding one's passions. Maria Pascucci, the founder of Campus Calm, a national organization that aims to help college women lead healthy, happy lives, says females feel the pressure to be perfect on a regular basis. She added that the media sends mixed messages to young girls, advising them to be the best they can be while simultaneously persuading them to buy more and strive for more. 'In our society, being a perfectionist is a glorified and socially acceptable form of self-abuse,' Pascucci says. Pascucci, who was teased as a young girl and suffered self-esteem issues, says her main message to young girls is to let them know their sense of worth comes from within. 'When we begin to compare ourselves to others, especially when we're vulnerable, that can do a lot of damage to our self-esteem,' she says. Clark echoes Pascucci's point, saying it's important to let young girls know that their physical appearance is only 'one slice of the pie'. 'Girls have a lot to bring to the table,' Clark says, 'and that's looking past physical beauty and just celebrating something unique within yourself that isn't so apparent.'

单选题She ______ the list of names to see if hers was on it.

单选题I took ______ of the opportunity to tell him what I thought.

单选题The weekly market sells mainly fruit, vegetables and diary ______. A. production B. output C. manufacture D. produce

单选题The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ______ instead of mechanically.

单选题He is too weak to ______ the heavy box.

单选题On my journey by car across the European Continent, I enjoyed looking at the______of the various countries.

单选题 Questions6-9 are based on the conversation you have just heard.