单选题She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she ______ too long. A. has been reading B. is reading C. had read D. read

单选题One of the many oddities of migration policy is that immigrants coming in to work permanently are usually a minority of those who arrive legally. Most (1) countries admit migrants mainly on grounds that have (2) to do with work. They also admit two large groups on grounds that have nothing to do with their skills or education, (3) these characteristics may determine (4) rapidly they integrate. Almost everywhere, the biggest group (5) relatives of those who have already (6) . In the United States they (7) three-quarters of all legal (8) migrants. America even gives a few visas to (9) adult siblings. In parts of Burope, family reunification has become family formation, (10) sometimes delays integration: for instance, it allows third-generation Pakistanis to seek spouses (11) their cousins back in rural areas. The policy also (12) the characteristics of earlier arrivals. (13) migrants are likely to have less educated relatives than are skilled migrants. In Europe, and especially northern Europe, the other main route of legal entry is to claim asylum. The (14) of claims has fallen by half since the early 1990s, partly because peace (15) to former Yugoslavia, and partly because of tougher rules, (16) still seems to be higher than in the United States. America (17) the numbers sharply after the first attack on the World Trade Centre in 1993, mainly by refusing (18) asylum-seekers to work or draw any welfare benefits for the first six months of their stay, and by (19) the claims process. Many European countries (20) that way.

单选题They ______ the factory, but a heavy downpour spoiled their plan． A．visited B．were visiting C．were to have been visited D．were to have visited

单选题When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family". Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term "downshifting" has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of "having it all", preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the page of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of "juggling your life" ,and making the alternative move into "downshifting" brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed: 12 hour working days, pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on "quality time". In America, the move away from juggling to a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle is a well-established trend. Downshifting — also known in America as "voluntary simplicity" — has, ironically, even bred a new area of what might be termed anticonsumerism. There are a number of best-selling downshifting self-help books for people who want to simplify their lives; there are newsletters, such as The Tightwad Gazette, that give hundreds of thousands of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their cling-film to making their own soap; there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid-'90s equivalent of dropping out. While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline — after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late '80s—and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class down-shifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the '80s, downshifting in the mid-'90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life — growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one—as a personal recognition of your limitations.

单选题Customer: Can I try this dress on, please? Saleswoman: ______ A. Of course, try it on in the fitting room, please. B. This dress is on sale for half its regular price. C.Try it on，then．YOU don’t need to ask． D.Sure，the fitting rooms are next to the stairs．

单选题{{B}}Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.{{/B}} When all the people had assembled, the king, surrounded by his court, {{U}}(21) {{/U}} a signal. Then a door beneath him opened, and the accused man stepped {{U}}(22) {{/U}} into the arena. Directly opposite him were two doors, exactly {{U}}(23) {{/U}} and side by side. It was the duty and the privilege of the {{U}}(24) {{/U}} on trial to walk directly to these {{U}}(25) {{/U}} and open one of them. He {{U}}(26) {{/U}} open either door he pleased; he was subject to no {{U}}(27) {{/U}} or influence. If he opened the one, there came out of it a hungry tiger, the {{U}}(28) {{/U}} and most cruel that could be found, which {{U}}(29) {{/U}} sprang upon him and tore him to pieces as a punishment for his guilt. {{U}}(30) {{/U}}, if the accused person opened the other door, out of it came a {{U}}(31) {{/U}} lady, and to this lady he was immediately married, as a reward of his innocence. This was the {{U}}(32) {{/U}} method of administering justice. Its perfect fairness is obvious. The criminal could{{U}} (33) {{/U}} know out of which door would come the lady; he opened either he pleased, without having the slightest {{U}}(34) {{/U}} whether, in the next instant, he was to be devoured or married. So the accused person was instantly {{U}}(35) {{/U}} if guilty, and, if innocent, he was rewarded on the spot.

单选题Bacteria A lived in the soil play B a vital role in C recycling the carbon and nitrogen D needed by plants.

单选题Ships traveling in the North Atlantic during the winter must be constantly watchful to avoid icebergs, large masses of ice ______ only one-ninth is visible above water.

单选题I lost a book, ______ I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of that

单选题For hundreds of millions of years, turtles(海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water's edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting sites on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you'd think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads(红海龟) , which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from "threatened" to "endangered"—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings) ,we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. "The threat is from commercial fishing, " says Griffin. Trawlers ( which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long-line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll(损失) on turtles. Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection.

单选题Mum is getting old, so her memory is not very ( ) these days.

单选题The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the market-place for those goods and services in competition with other businessmen, and the profit motive operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, which together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. The important factor in private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of product or to make a free contract with another private individual. The passage is mainly about ______.

单选题"These days, executives are more fastidious about presentation and persona," indicates Jack Hilton, whose New York-based consulting firm advises top management ______ television.

单选题What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration?

单选题(2005)We can obtain knowledge from other sources_____books.

单选题It didn't happen overnight. The problem of polluted air has been festering for centuries. Suddenly the problem of air pollution is becoming critical and is erupting right before our eyes. Not only do our eyes burn as they focus through murky air, but when the air clears, we see trees and vegetation dying. We must realize that this destruction can no longer be pinned to some mysterious cause. The one major culprit is air pollution. Today's air pollution is an unfortunate by-product of the growth of civilization. Civilized mall desires goods that require heavy industrialization and mass production. Machines and factories sometimes pollute and taint the air with substances that are dangerous to man and the environment. These substances include radioactive dust, salt spray, herbicide and pesticide aerosols, liquid droplets of acidic matter, gases, and sometimes soil particles. These materials can act alone to irritate objects and forms of life. More dangerously, they join together to act upon the environment. Only lately have we begun recognizing some of their dangerous consequences. Scientists have not yet been able to obtain a complete report on the effects of air pollution on trees. They do know, however, that sulfur dioxide, fluorides, and ozone destroy trees and that individual trees respond differently to the numerous particulate and gaseous pollutants. Sometimes trees growing in a single area under attack by pollutants will show symptoms of injury or will die while their neighbors remain healthy. Scientists believe this difference in response depends on the kind of tree and its genetic makeup. Other factors, such as the tree's stage of growth and nearness to the pollution source, the amount of pollutant , and the length of the pollution attack also play a part. In short, whether or not a tree dies as a result of air pollution depends on a combination of host and environmental factors. For the most part, air pollutants injure trees. To conifers, which have year-round needles, air pollution causes early balding. In this event, trees cannot maintain normal food production levels. Undernourished and weakened, they are open to attack by a host of insects, diseases, and other environmental stresses. Death often follows. Air pollution may also cause hardwoods to lose their leaves. Because their leaves are borne only for a portion of the year and are replaced the following year, air pollution injury to hardwoods may not be so severe.

单选题The consequences of heavy drinking are well documented: failing health, broken marriages, regrettable late-night phone calls. But according to Gregory Luzaich's calculations, there can be a downside to modest drinking, too—though one that damages the wallet, not the liver. The Pek Wine Steward prevents wine from spoiling by injecting argon, an inert gas, into the bottle before sealing it airtight with silicon. Mr. Luzaich. a mechanical engineer in Windsor, Calif.—in the Sonoma County wine country—first tallied the costs of his reasonable consumption in October 2001. "I'd like to come home in the evening and have a glass of wine with dinner," he said. "My wife doesn't drink very much. so the bottle wouldn't get consumed. And maybe I would forget about it the next day, and I'd check back a day or two later, and the wine would be spoiled." That meant he was wasting most of a $15 to $20 bottle of wine. dozens of times a year. A cheek of the wine-preservation gadgets on the market left Mr. Luzaich dissatisfied High-end wine cabinets cost thousands of dollars—a huge investment for a glass-a-day drinker. Affordable preservers, meanwhile, didn't quite perform to Mr. Luzaich's liking; be thought they allowed too much oxidation, which degrades the taste of a wine. The solution, he decided, was a better gas. Many preservers pumped nitrogen into an opened bottle to slow a wine's decline, even though oenological literature suggested that argon was more effective. So when he began designing the Pek Wine Steward. a metal cone into which a wine bottle is inserted, Mr. Luzaich found that his main challenge was to figure out how best to introduce the argon. He spent months fine-tuning a gas injection system. "We used computational fluid dynamics to model the gas flow," Mr. Luzaich said. referring to a computer-analysis technique that measures how smoothly particles are flowing. The goal was to create an injector that could swap a bottle's oxygen atoms for argon atoms; argon is an inert gas, and thus unlikely to harm a nice Chianti. Mr. Luzaich, who had previously designed medical and telecommunications products, also worked on creating an airtight seal, to secure the bottle after the argon was injected. He experimented with several substances, from neoprene to a visco-elastic polymer (which he dismissed as "too gooey"), before settling on a food-grade silicon. To save wine, a bottle is placed inside the Pek Wine Steward, the top is closed, and a trigger is pulled for 5 to 10 seconds, depending on how much wine remains. When the trigger is released, the bottle is sealed automatically, preserving the wine for a week or more. the company says. "We wanted to make it very easy for the consumer," Mr. Luzaich said. "It's basically mindless." The device, which resembles a high-tech thermos, first became available to consumers in March 2004, and 8,000 to 10.000 have been sold, primarily through catalogs like those of The Wine Enthusiast and Hammacher Schlemmer The base model sells for $99; a deluxe model, which also includes a thermoelectric cooler, is $199

单选题Do the old people in the United States like to live alone? No doubt some of them do. (41) at least some of them (42) living alone to the changes and (43) that living with others needs. Independence is, (44) , the chief and most honored (45) in this country. Deeply rooted (46) us early, the ideal remains even when we can no longer "stand on our own feet", (47) literally. When our (48) parents' need for help grows too obvious to (49) , we say they are beginning to "fail". Losing one's independence is, for Americans, a (50) thing. And needing help, we know, (51) pity, frustration and (52) in our potential helpers. We are all, through our lives, (53) to others. From the moment of (54) , we are nourished and nurtured by others. As adults we learn to pay for or negotiate our (55) needs, but the fact (56) that it takes an (57) army of other people to grow our food, clean our clothes, maintain our roads, fuel our furnaces. When we (58) , we accept another's pledge to stick with us in sickness and health, (59) and poverty. The load we lay on (60) only becomes visible, less deniable, as we age.