问答题In this part, you are required to write a composition entitled" The Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet". You may write your composition based on the following points and your composition should be at least 100 words.1．当今网络现状；2．网络的利和弊：3．我的看法。

问答题1. 请家教的益处 2. 家教可能带来的负作用； 3. 我是怎样看待家教的。 You should write about 160 -200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

问答题The Wings of the Dove

问答题 The enlightenment needs rescuing, or so thinks Jonathan Israel, the pre-eminent historian of 17th-century Holland. In 2001 he published Radical Enlightenment. He now offers a second Volume with a third to come. (46) {{U}}The three volumes will be the first comprehensive history of the Enlightenment for decades--and Mr. Israel's groundbreaking interpretation looks set to establish itself as the one to beat.{{/U}} The period was once thought of as a glorious chapter in the history of mankind, a time when the forces of light (science, progress and tolerance) triumphed over the forces of darkness (superstition and prejudice). Today, the Enlightenment tends to be dismissed. (47){{U}}Post-modernists attack it for being biased, self-deceived and ultimately responsible for the worst in Western civilization.{{/U}} Post-colonialists accuse it of being Eurocentric, an apology for imperialism. Nationalist historians reject the idea of a coherent universal movement, preferring to talk about the English, French, even Icelandic Enlightenments. Mr. Israel has set himself the task oil repelling these critics and re-establishing the period as the defining episode in the liberation of man. His arguments are convincing. He contends that there were two Enlightenments, one Radical, and the other Moderate. The Radicals, inspired by Spinoza, were materialists, atheists and equalities. (48){{U}}The Moderates, who followed Locke and Newton, were conservative and more at home than the Radicals in the hierarchical and deeply religious world of 18th-century Europe.{{/U}} They advocated only a partial Enlightenment. In Mr. Israel's opinion, the Radicals offered the only true Enlightenment, giving us democracy, equality, individual liberty and secular morality. The Moderates, on the other hand, have left an ambiguous and, in the end, harmful legacy. While promoting tolerance, they remained uncomfortable with the idea of universal equality. While advancing reason, they failed to divorce morality from religion and tried to rationalize faith. (49) {{U}}Mr. Israel argues that for as long as historians treat the two wings of the Enlightenment as a single movement, they have misunderstood the phenomenon.{{/U}} Worst still, they supply today's critics with the evidence they need to blacken the movement. This re-evaluation makes for an unfamiliar picture of the Enlightenment and its torchbearers. According to Mr. Israel, "enlightened values" were born not in England but in Holland, and he re-casts men such as Locke, Voltaire and even Hume, once thought of as champions of the party of light, as apologists for colonialism and enemies of equality. In addition, Mr. Israel would like his book to be studied beyond academia. In an ideal world everyone would be reading it. (50) {{U}}His stupendous research and grasp of the sources are such that few will contest his core argument that the Enlightenment was a coherent, Europe-wide phenomenon, intellectual in origin, which represented a profound shift in the way that men thought about themselves and the world around them.{{/U}}

问答题At the start of the year, The Independent on Sunday argued that there were three over-whelming reasons why Iraq should not be invaded: there was no proof that Saddam posed an imminent threat; Iraq would be even more trustable as a result of its liberation; and a conflict would increase the threat posed by terrorists. (1) What we did not know was that Tony Blair had received intelligence and advice that raised the very same points. Last week's report from the Intelligence and Security Committee included the revelation that some of the intelligence had warned that a war against Iraq risked an increased threat of terrorism. Why did Mr. Blair not make this evidence available to the public in the way that so much of the alarmist intelligence on Saddam's weapons was published? (2) Why did he choose to ignore the intelligence and argue instead that the war was necessary, precisely because of the threat posed by international terrorism? There have been two parliamentary investigations into this war and the Hutton inquiry reopens tomorrow. (3) In their different ways they have been illuminating, but none of them has addressed the main issues relating to the war. The Foreign Affairs Committee had the scope to range widely, but chose to become entangled in the dispute between the Government and the BBC. The Intelligence Committee reached the conclusion that the Government's file on Saddam's weapons was not mixed up, but failed to explain why the intelligence was so hopelessly wrong. The Hutton inquiry is investigating the death of Dr. David Kelly, a personal tragedy of marginal relevance to the war against Iraq. Tony Blair has still to come under close examination about his conduct in the building-up to war. Instead, the Defence Secretary, Geoff Hoon, is being fingered as if he were master-minding the war behind everyone's backs from the Ministry of Defence. Mr. Hoon is not a minister who dares to think without consulting Downing Street first. At all times he would have been dancing to Downing Street's tunes. Mr. Blair would be wrong to assume that he can draw a line under all of this by making Mr. Hoon the fall-guy. (4) It was Mr. Blair who decided to take Britain to war, and a Cabinet of largely skeptical ministers that backed him. It was Mr. Blair who told MPs that unless Saddam was removed, terrorists would pose a greater global threat—even though he had received intelligence that suggested a war would lead to an increase in terrorism. Parliament should be the forum in which the Prime Minister is called more fully to account, but lain Duncan Smith's support for the war has neutered an already inept opposition. (5) In the absence of proper parliamentary scrutiny, it is left to newspapers like this one to keep asking the most important questions until the Prime Minister answers them.

问答题1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

问答题Special Safeguard Mechanism

问答题Green space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. 46. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a selfevident statement than on the basis of a closely-reasoned scienfifie proof. The recognition of the importance of green space in the urban environment is a first step on the right way . 47. This doesn" t mean, however, that sufficient details are known about tile functions of green space in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the re-creative function of green space facilities. 48. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic, and recreation, which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there has been relatively little attention for improving re-creative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. 49. We have come to the conclusion that this isn" t right, because an important part of the time which we don" t pass in sleeping or working is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the front door. 50. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a re-creative aspect. The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children can" t be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the front door is shut.

问答题Please read the following article in Chinese carefully, and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that you cover all the major points of the article. 有科学家预言，未来医学是预防医学和自我保健医学的时代。随着社会的发展，疾病谱正在发生巨大变化，影响人类健康的因素及医学模式也都有所改变。来自人们心理、行为以及自然和社会环境因素的“生活方式病”已越来越多地威胁人们的健康。人们逐渐发现，个人、家庭、社会参与卫生保健的作用将越来越大，健康教育已成为解决当代公共卫生问题的重要内容。国外一些学者甚至喊出：“未来，谁掌握了健康教育，谁就掌握了自己的健康和命运。” 本世纪末到下世纪初，是我国卫生保健事业发展的重要时期，也是我国慢性非传染性疾病发病的高峰期。西方发达国家的实践已经表明，治疗慢性非传染性疾病，经济耗费是巨大的，效益却微乎其微。然而，慢性非传染性疾病大多是可以预防的，只要大力开展健康教育、促进健康，花费比治疗要少得多的经费，就可以使慢性病发病率大大降低。芬兰、美国等国均取得了使慢性病发病率下降30％至50％的明显效果。国内外的事实证明，开展全方位、多层次的健康服务和健康教育，促进健康，是低投入高产出的事业。 世界卫生组织西太区办事处1995年提出了《健康新地平线》的理论，指出卫生工作应以人为中心，以健康为中心，而不应以疾病为中心。在未来的卫生保健工作中，健康教育、促进健康、健康保护将成为优先发展的战略重点。 国务院颁布的《21世纪议程》和《中国卫生发展与改革纲要》，都把开展全民健康教育作为战略重点。卫生部在我国卫生事业2000年规划设想中提出：把健康教育工作作为各级各类卫生单位的基本职能之一，动员全社会，最大限度地控制和消除影响人民身体健康的各种危险因素。 卫生工作根本目的在于保障全体人民群众的健康，减少各种危害健康的因素，减少疾病，提高人民群众的健康素质和生活质量。而达到这一目的，必须有广大人民群众参与；动员广大群众参与，最有利的形式就是开展健康教育，解决当今主要的社会卫生问题。 我国的健康教育起步较晚，经验尚显不足。面对诸多影响人群健康的危险因素，面对医学模式的转变和21世纪的需求，面对与国际上促进健康的模式接轨，我们应该做些什么? 有关专家指出，目前，我国健康教育投入甚微，健康教育运行机制和政府对健康教育的管理尚不够协调。健康教育专业学科师资缺乏，健康教育的技术力量和手段还比较落后，不能适应提高全民健康素质战略任务的需求。 上海医科大学健康教育学教研室主任黄敬亨教授指出，我国应尽快建立健全全国健康促进体系。黄教授说，近十几年来，健康教育与促进健康在世界上已取得了长足发展，促进健康已成为公共卫生政策的核心内容。发达国家的经验表明，发展与健全促进健康体系是医学模式改变后最佳选择。澳大利亚等国家的促进健康工作已使它们跻身于世界上国民健康水平最高的国家行列之中。黄敬亨教授建议，我国应加强医学院校健康教育与促进健康专业建设工作。他介绍，目前西方国家已把健康教育、促进健康、行为科学及初级卫生保健列人大学的必修课程(而且，不仅限于医学院校、师范院校)，而我国目前却只有六七所医学院校设有该专业，且力量相当薄弱，应尽快扭转这一局面，加速健康教育专业师资培养和人才培训，以适应21世纪人群健康对健康教育提出的要求。 完善社区网络，开展社区服务，是目前我国健康教育面临的又一问题。世界卫生组织规定，开展城市社区健康教育，创建“健康城市”的标准之一，就是社区居民居住区的一定范围内设有健康教育服务站。世界卫生组织认为，人的健康应该从一出生起就得到关注，包括婴幼儿、青少年、中老年等每一阶段，都应有专人为其提供健康服务。中国健康教育研究所副研究员徐岫茹指出，我国尚缺少社区健康教育场所，社区健康教育活动也只停留在照顾孤寡老人、精神病人等单层面上，只有“照顾”，谈不上“教育”。徐岫茹介绍，前两年她们曾在北京安华小区讲课，讲婴幼儿健康、心理卫生等内容，很受当地居民欢迎，但由于没有固定场所和必要的设备，这种社区健康教育服务最终未能坚持下来。 有关专家谈到，搞好健康教育需要医务人员的配合，需要医生“转变角色”。目前，大部分心理门诊设在医院，可心理疾病往往来自复杂的社会问题。医生通常只习惯于开药治病，而人又往往认为自己的病不需要吃药，需要的是医生的指导和精神“治疗”，结果使一些精神疾病得不到帮助和指导。专家建议，应建立各类健康服务中心，如借鉴美国的社区服务经验，在社区内建立“拯救自杀中心”、“儿童问题中心”、“婚姻家庭中心”、“老年问题中心”等，为每家每户每个人建立健康档案。

问答题Genius The greatest results in life are attained by simple means, and the exercise of ordinary qualities. The common life of every day, with its cares, necessities, and duties, affords ample opportunity for acquiring experience of the best kind; and 41. its most beaten paths provide the true worker with abundant scope for effort and room for self-improvement. 42. The road of human welfare lies along the old highway of steadfast well-doing; and they who are the most persistent, and work in the truest: spirit, will usually be the most successful. Fortune has often been blamed for her blindness; but fortune is not so blind as men are. 43. Those who look into practical life will find that fortune is usually on the side of the industrious, as the winds and waves are on the side of the best navigators. In the pursuit of even the highest branches of human inquiry, the commoner qualities are found the most useful, such as common sense, attention, application, and perseverance. Genius may not be necessary, though even genius of the highest sort does not disdain the use of these ordinary qualities. 44. The very greatest men have been among the least believers in the power of genius, and as worldly wise and persevering as successful men of the commoner sort. 45. Some have even defined genius to be only common sense intensified. A distinguished teacher and president of a college spoke of it as the power of making efforts. John Foster held it to be the power of lighting one's own fire. Buffon said of genius "it is patience".

问答题Give two examples to show the kind of political intolerance in the U. S. after the end of World War I.

问答题Directions:Studythefollowingphotocarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethephotobriefly,2)interpretthemeaningreflectedbyit,and3)offerarelevantexample.Youshouldwrite160-200words.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions: One of your pen pals will shortly be visiting your city. For some reasons, you can not manage to meet him at the airport on time. Write a letter asking him to wait for you at the airport and tell him how to identify you. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions： You have received an invitation to the birthday party of your friend, Torn. But you can't attend it. Write a letter to Tom to 1) thank him for the invitation, 2) give reasons why you can't go, 3) apologize and express your wishes. You should write about 100 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions:Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayofatleast120wordsinwhichyoushould(1)describethepicture;(2)deducethepurposeofthedrawerofthepicture;(3)suggestcountermeasures.

问答题Without the encouragement and help of my friends, I would have quit school

问答题To solve the deficit problem the Prime Minister proposed a tax reform, but the Parliament’s decision to withdraw its support greatly discouraged his effort. (be a damper on… )

问答题Error analysis