单选题About thirty years ago, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned employment decisions that discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. To avoid legal penalties, companies created affirmative action programs. These programs became highly controversial, for they were seen by some as a form of reverse discrimination. Both praised and condemned, affirmative action programs remain in effect. Since the passage of Title VII, the United States has undergone a major demographic shift. California will soon have a population of 50 percent Hispanic American and nonwhite. More than half of the nation's work force now consists of minorities, immigrants, and women; white, native-born males, though still dominant, has become a statistical minority. In addition, about 80 percent of new workers are not white males. Affirmative action relied heavily on assimilation, the process by which minorities are absorbed into the dominant culture. Generally, assimilation involves abandoning distinctive cultural patterns of behavior in favor of those of the dominant culture. Two, three, four generations ago, people who immigrated to this country routinely changed their names to help them enter the mainstream as soon and as completely as possible. In contrast, the huge successes of the women's movement and civil rights activism have helped Americans to appreciate their differences, even to celebrate them. This change is transforming the workplace, for people who are comfortable and proud of being different are much less amenable to assimilation. "You don't have to aspire to be a white male or a member of the dominant group," says Thomas, "People are willing to be part of each, but they won't jump into the melting pot anymore. " Diversity in the workplace is much more than skin color. Diversity also refers to gender, age, religion, social class, sexual orientation, and even to military experience. Realizing that assimilation is probably not the way of the future, companies as diverse as IBM, Ford, and 3M have begun programs called "Managing Diversity" or "Valuing Diversity. " The goals of these programs are threefold. (1) to uncover and root out biases and prejudices about people's differences, (2) to increase awareness and appreciation of people's differences, and (3) to teach people "skills," especially communication and negotiation skills, for working with diverse groups. From a functionalist perspective, we would say that programs in managing diversity are an adjustment in the economic system. They will help meet needs caused by changing demographics within the nation and new international relations that require American corporations to be more competitive. From a symbolic interaction perspective, we would say that these programs reflect a change in symbols—that they illustrate how being different from the dominant group now has a different meaning than it used to. These programs not only reflect that change, they also foster further change in the meaning of diversity. From a conflict perspective, we would say that the key term in managing diversity programs is not diversity, but managing. No matter what they are called, these programs are merely another way to exploit labor.

单选题 A. {{U}}ex{{/U}}haust B. {{U}}ex{{/U}}ercise C. {{U}}ex{{/U}}am D. {{U}}ex{{/U}}act

单选题Parents in China still Ucherish/U the notion that the only way out for their children is to enter college.

单选题It is reported that the earthquake caused a serious______to the bridge.

单选题It is the news ______ most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can. A. that deprive B. that it deprives C. that deprives D. when it deprives

单选题The number of morphemes in the word girls is______.

单选题Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation between hunters and hunt saboteurs. Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox"s smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.

单选题This research has attracted wide ______ coverage and has been featured on BBC television"s Tomorrow"s World.

单选题The process by means of which human beings arbitrarily make certain things stand for other things may be called the symbolic process. Everywhere we turn, we see the symbolic process at work. There are 1 things men do or want to do, possess or want to possess, that have not a symbolic value. Almost all fashionable clothes are 2 symbolic, so is food. We 3 our furniture to serve 4 visible symbols of our taste, wealth, and social position. We often choose our houses on the basis of a feeling that it "looks well" to have a "good address." We trade perfectly good cars in for 5 models not always to get better transportation, but to give evidence to the community that we can 6 it. Such complicated and apparently 7 behavior leads philosophers to ask over and over again, "why can"t human beings live simply and naturally." Often the complexity of human life makes us look enviously at the relative 8 of such live as dogs and cats. Simply, the fact that symbolic process makes complexity possible is no reason for wanting to 9 to a cat and to a eat-and-dog existence. A better solution is to understand the symbolic process so that instead of being its slaves we become, to some degree at least, its 10 .

单选题Addition of any chemical compound to the environment in quantities ______ a significant fraction of the total content of gasoline may have unexpected environmental consequences.

单选题{{B}}Passage 4{{/B}} There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine (内燃机) has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞) being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer's impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy (读写能力); it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more "user-friendly". Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase "learning to use a computer" mean? It rounds like "learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer. In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like "learning to play a game", but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such thing as teaching someone how to use a computer, One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.

单选题I went to the concert but it was not such a good performance( )you had told me about.

单选题After 10 seasons wearing the No. 8 on his back, Kobe Bryant will become No. 24 next season. The reason for the surprising decision by the Los Angeles Lakers super guard last week has become a hot topic for debate. Bryant wore No. 24 when he was in early high school, but he changed to No. 33 in his senior year. He switched to No. 8 when he was selected by the Lakers in 1996, and has not been changed since. Bryant has refused to explain the decision until the end of the play-offs (季后赛). So guessing Bryant"s motive has become a popular game among NBA fans and newspaper columnists (专栏作家). There are all kinds of speculations. Many say that Bryant wants to leave the past behind and have a fresh start. He has often been criticized for playing to benefit himself and not the team as a whole. Others say that he may he trying to compare himself to Michael Jordan. Jordan was famous for his No. 23 jersey (运动衫). Some, such as NBC Sport columnist Michael Ventre, argue that it is "all about money". Bryant will make more money by selling new jerseys to his fans. Some speculations are more about fun. For example, there is an opinion that Kobe is actually just a diehard (非常执着的) fan of the popular TV drama "24". All this talk has turned the number change into a major issue. It seems that there is a lot of fuss (大惊小怪) over something that should be pretty simple. Jersey numbers have their own special significance in American sports, especially basketball. Players choose their number when they join a team and they usually stick with that number for the rest of their career. When a great player retires, his team will honor him by retiring his number. To some extent, the jersey is the player, and the player is the jersey. Thus, when you see the famous No. 23 for the Chicago Bulls, you immediately think about Michael Jordan. A No. 32 Miami Heats jersey recalls the image of Shaquille O"Neal, and the Houston Rockets" No. 11 belongs only to Yao Ming. Lots of stories are behind players" jersey number selections. Jordan said that he chose No. 23 because it was roughly half of 45. Jordan"s elder brother wore the No. 45 in college. Yao Ming once revealed that the No. 11 stands for two people in love—meaning him and his girlfriend Ye Li.

单选题Woman: What do you think of the prospects for on-line education? Is it going to replace the traditional school? Man: I doubt it. Schools are here to stay, because there are much more than just book learning. Even though more and more kids are going on-line, I believe fewer of them will quit school altogether. Question: What does the man think of conventional schools? A. They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later. B. They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands. C. They will continue to exist along with on-line education. D. They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.

单选题Mrs．Black insists ______ in that old hotel. A．not to stay B．not staying C．staying not D．that she not stay

单选题Every day, over a million people log onto different Internet-based games. There is truly something for everyone in the gaming world. Gaines provide a quick escape from【C1】______.Game developers are the new breed of storytellers, creating alternative【C2】______Games represent the ultimate interactive movie, allowing the user to control the direction of the plot. And now the newest technologies allow you to play games no matter where you are. At home, we have PC or video game consoles.【C3】______, a desktop or laptop computer can be loaded with OS-bundled games or Web-based freebies. Even while traveling, there are many wireless computers, portable devices, wireless phones and PDAs【C4】______ Games are now pushing back all the【C5】______once placed upon them by technology, category, realism, location and time. These advances are helping to push games into the【C6】______of virtual reality. Thus, the stuff of science fiction novels is gradually emerging, the graphic aspects of the game quickly【C7】______Initially, electronic games involved【C8】______moving blocks, across a TV or computer screen.【C9】______the vast increases in processing power, games are quickly approaching three-dimensional realism. This power allows a developer to create a【C10】______world where a gamer can look around in full 360-degree vision.

单选题Winsor McCay, the cartoonist, could draw with incredible______: his comic strip about Little Nemo was characterized by marvelous draftsmanship and sequencing.