单选题The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ______to the body.

单选题In the Arizona desert, tomatoes hang from ceilings, spinach grows without soil and shrimp lire in indoor pools. What's going on.'? Food research! People perform these experiments to learn how to produce more food. There will be over 6.5 bil- lion people on earth after two decades. We will have to produce four times as much food as we do now to feed all these people. But each year there is less fresh water, the soil loses nutrients and buildings take up more land. We must learn to use resources we have always thought unusable. So, the Environ- mental Research Laboratory in Arizona tries to grow food without soil, in the desert, and with salt water. So far the results have been excellent. The new methods yield twenty times more tomatoes and cu-cumbers than can be grown on a farm. About sixty times as many shrimp can be raised in indoors pools than ten boats can catch in the ocean in a year. Crops can grow in salty soil. Plus, as they grow, they take salt and minerals from desert soil, to create more useable land. The University of Arizona runs the research center in Arizona. But there are centers all over the world. Because of the promising results, big companies pay for some of the research. With interest and money backing them, researchers can go far. Their aim is to use wasted land and water to feed humanity. In the Arizona desert, they are off to a great start.

单选题Life really should be one long journey of joy for children who are born with a world of wealth at their tiny feet. But experts on psychological research now believe that silver spoons can leave a bitter taste. If suicide statistics are a sign of happiness, then the rich are a miserable lot. Figures show that it is the rich who most often do away with themselves. Dr. Robert Coles, an internationally famous doctor, is the world"s top expert on the influence of money on children. He has written a well-received book on the subject, The Privileged Ones , and his research shows that too much money in the family can cause as many problems as too little. "Obviously there are certain advantages to being rich," says the 53-year-old doctor, "such as better health, education and future work expectation, but most important is the quality of family life. Money can"t buy love." It can buy a lot of other things, though, and that"s where the trouble starts. Rich kids have so much to choose from that they often become confused. Their parents" over favoring can make them spoiled. They tend to travel more than other children, from home to home and country to country, which often makes them feel restless. "But privileged children do have a better sense of their positions in the world," adds Mr. Coles, "and they are more self-assured." Today"s rich parents perhaps have realized that their riches can be more of a burden than a favor to their children. So their priority is to ensure that their families are as rich in love as they are in money.

单选题{{B}}Passage Five{{/B}} There is no question that the old style of air pollution could kill people. In one week following the infamous "peasouper" fog in December 1952,4,700 people died in London. Most of these people were elderly and already had heart or lung diseases. A series of these killer fogs eventually led to the British Parliament passing the Clean Air Act which restricted the burning of coal. Fortunately the effect of smog on the lungs is not so dramatic. Scientists have now conducted a number of laboratory experiments in which volunteers are exposed to ozone inside a steel chamber for a few hours. Even at quite low concentrations there is a reversible fall in lung function, an increase in the irritability of the lungs and evidence of airway inflammation. Although irritable and inflamed lungs are particularly seen in people with asthma (哮喘) and other lung diseases, these effects of ozone also occur in healthy subjects. Similar changes are also seen after exposure to nitrogen dioxide, although there is some disagreement about the concentration at which they occur. Other studies have found that people living in areas with high levels of pollution have more symptoms and worse lung function than those living in areas with clean air. Groups of children attending school camps show falls in lung function even at quite low concentrations of ozone. There is also a relationship between ozone levels and hospital admissions for asthma, both in North America and Australia. It is suspected that long-term exposure to smog may result in chronic bronchitis (支气管炎) and emphysema (肺气肿), but this has yet to be proven. Recently an association has been found between the levels of particles in the air and death rates in North American cities. The reason for this association is not understood and as yet there is no evidence this occurs in Australia. However, we do know that hazy days are associated with more asthma attacks in children.

单选题

单选题By the time Bob arrives in Beijing______.

单选题Which of the following is not written by Christopher Marlowe?

单选题Scientists have for the first time used cloning to create human embryos that live long enough in a laboratory dish to have their stem cells harvested. The feat could set the stage for physicians to produce cells and tissues, tailored to a patient's genetic identity that can treat a wide variety of human illnesses. The accomplishment also provides a road map for how to clone a person, an even more divisive undertaking. The new work, performed in South Korea, represents "a major advance in stem cell research. It could help spur a medical revolution as important as antibiotics and vaccines", says Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology (ACT), a company in Worcester, Mass., that's also investigating the promising stem cell strategy called therapeutic cloning. "However, now that the methodology is publicly available", Lanza adds, "I think it is absolutely imperative that we pass laws worldwide to prevent the technology from being abused for reproductive-cloning purposes." While some fertility doctors and a religious cult have claimed success at creating a pregnancy via cloning, they've offered no convincing proof. In contrast, the South Korean research is being reported at the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Seattle and will appear in an upcoming Science. "This is reality," says stem cell researcher John Gearhart of Johns Hopkins University. "He4'e is a bona fide, refereed journal saying that a human embryo has been cloned and a cell line derived from it." Although ACT has not yet published a report of a cloned human blastocyst, Lanza says that the South Korean success is "consistent with our own results." Therapeutic cloning appeals to Lanza and physicians because cells made this way could have the same DNA as a patient's cells do and thus avoid rejection after they're transplanted. Seeking a compromise that would permit this strategy to be pursued, many scientists have called for legislation that would ban cloning to produce a baby but allow the creation of cloned embryos to generate stem cells for research or therapies. "The debate has been very polarized," notes bio-ethicist Laurie Zoloth of Northwestern University in Evanston.

单选题A: May I play my computer game for an hour? B: ______

单选题Chicago began life in 1779 (1) a small trading post on the Chicago River. A farsighted black freedman, Jean du Sable, did a flourishing fur (2) with the Native Americans. When his trading post became a fort and then a city, it was (3) Chicago. This is the Native American word for the wild onions found in the area. In 1820 Chicago (4) ten or twelve houses and a store or two. Now it is the third largest city in the (5) , and still it continues to grow. Thousands of new buildings are (6) every year. They are built to accommodate new businesses and residences. More than seven (7) people now live in and around the city. Astride the crossroads of the nation, Chicago is the largest railroad (8) in the world. No other city in the land is a larger trucking center. The city, (9) on lake Michigan, is the largest inland port in the world. O'Hare Airport is the world's busiest commercial airport. Overall, Chicago is the leading (10) center in the United States. Its location in the heart of North America's farmland (11) Chicago the world's largest grain market. It also plays (12) each year to more than a thousand conventions. In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was nominated for President at the Republican convention (13) here. That was to establish a pattern for both the Democratic and Republican parties since that time. Half of all major (14) conventions have taken place in Chicago. But Chicago did not achieve success without problems. At one time pollution from the Chicago River (15) the city's water supply from Lake Michigan. (16) pure drinking water, the engineers reversed the course of the river (17) it flowed backwards, away from the lake! This kept the water supply (18) . Even the famous fire of 1871 could not snuff out the spirits of the vital young giant. The entire central city was (19) , but citizens built anew. And they erected the first towering structure of steel and concrete. In doing so, they invented the (20) Today, as an example, Chicago's impressive skyline includes the world's tallest building. The 1454 foot Sears Tower.

单选题Nowhere else in the world ______ more beautiful scenery than in Switzerland.

单选题Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most ______ areas in Japanese life. A. sophisticated B. competitive C. considerate D. superficial

单选题I wonder ______ this kind of metal can be used in the construction industry.A. howB. whatC. aboutD. which

单选题Mary Anning (1799-1847) was a British fossil hunter who began finding (21) as a child, and soon supported herself and her very (22) family by finding and selling fossils. Very (23) is known about her life, but her father was a cabinet maker and he also (24) local fossils. Mary (25) on the southern coast of England, in a town called Lyme Regis. Its famous (26) by the sea contain (27) fossil layers that (28) from the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods (the (29) of the dinosaurs, other bizarre reptiles, large insects, sea creatures, (30) mammals, and (31) life forms). Mary Anning (32) and prepared the first fossilized plesiosaur (an ocean-dwelling reptile) and the first Ichthyosaurus (an ocean-dwelling reptile that (33) like a dolphin). She found many other important fossils, including Pterodactylus (a flying reptile), sharks (and other fish), and so on. (34) with her brother Joseph, Mary supplied prepared fossil specimens to (35) museums, scientists, and private collections.

单选题Identify the author of the following quotation____:"Say Joe," was his greeting to his old-time working mate next morning, "there"s a Frenchman out on Twenty-eighth Street. He"s made a pot of money, and he"s going back to France. It"s a dandy, well-appointed, small steam laundry. There"s start for you if you want to settle down. Here, take this; buy some clothes with it and be at this man"s office by ten o"clock. He looked up the laundry for me, and he"ll take you out and show you around. If you like, and think it is worth the price— twelve thousand—let me know and it is yours. Now run along. I"m busy, I"ll see you later."

单选题They couldn' t work out what had happened. The whole situation was______.

单选题For the longest time, I couldn"t get worked up about privacy: my right to it; how it"s dying; how we"re headed for an even more wired, underregulated, overintrusive, privacy-deprived planet. I should also point out that as news director for Pathfinder, Time Inc."s mega info mall, and a guy who on the Web, I know better than most people that we"re hurtling toward an even more intrusive world. We"re all being watched by computers whenever we visit Websites; by the mere act of "browsing" (it sounds so passive!) we"re going public in a way that was unimaginable a decade ago.I know this because I"m a watcher too. When people come to my Website, without ever knowing their names, I can peer over their shoulders, recording what they look at, timing how long they stay on a particular page, following them around Pathfinder"s sprawling offerings. None of this would bother me in the least, I suspect, if a few years ago, my phone,.like Marley"s ghost, hadn"t given me a glimpse of the nightmares to come. On Thanksgiving weekend in 1995, someone (presumably a critic of a book my wife and I had just written about computer hackers) forwarded my home telephone number to an out-of-state answering machine, where unsuspecting callers trying to reach me heard a male voice identify himself as me and say some extremely rude things.Then, with typical hacker aplomb, the prankster asked people to leave their messages (which to my surprise many callers, including my mother, did). This went on for several days until my wife and I figured out that something was wrong ("Hey...why hasn"t the phone rung since Wednesday?") and got our phone service restored. It seemed funny at first, and it gave us a swell story to tell on our book tour. But the interloper who seized our telephone line continued to hit us even after the tour ended. And hit us again and again for the next six months. The phone company seemed powerless. Its security folks moved us to one unlisted number after another, half a dozen times. They put special pin codes in place. They put traces on the line. But the troublemaker kept breaking through. If our hacker had been truly evil and omnipotent as only fictional movie hackers are, there would probably have been even worse ways he could have threatened my privacy. He could have sabotaged my credit rating. He could have eavesdropped on my telephone conversations or siphoned off my e-mail. He could have called in my mortgage, discontinued my health insurance or obliterated my Social Security number. Like Sandra Bullock in The Net, I could have been a digital untouchable, wandering the planet without a connection to the rest of humanity. (Although if I didn"t have to pay back school loans, it might be worth it. Just a thought.) Still, I remember feeling violated at the time and as powerless as a minnow in a flash flood. Someone was invading my private space--my family"s private space--and there was nothing I or the authorities could do. It was as close to a technological epiphany as I have ever been. And as I watched my personal digital hell unfold, it struck me that our privacy- mine and yours- has already disappeared, not in one Big Brotherly blitzkrieg but in Little Brotherly moments, bit by bit. Losing control of your telephone, of course, is the least of it. After all, most of us voluntarily give out our phone number and address when we allow ourselves to be listed in the White Pages. Most of us go a lot further than that. We register our whereabouts whenever we put a bank card in an ATM machine or drive through an E-Z Pass lane on the highway. We submit to being photographed every day--20 times a day on average if you live or work in New York City--by surveillance cameras. We make public our interests and our purchasing habits every time we shop by mail order or visit a commercial Website.