单选题Under what conditions will the formation of cancer begin? ( )

单选题Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It"s the one 1 the teacher standing in the schoolroom door 2 goodbye to students for the summer and calling 3 them, "By the way, we won World WarⅡ." The problem with the joke, of course, is that it"s 4 funny. The recent surveys on 5 illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb (令人震惊) : nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even 6 which countries the United States 7 against in that war. One third have no 8 when the Declaration of Independence was 9 One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly 10 the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. 11 when they get the answers right, some are 12 guessing. Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be 13 connected to loss of international 14 But it does affect our future 15 a democratic nation and as individuals. The 16 news is that there is growing agreement 17 what is wrong with the 18 of history and what needs to be 19 to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性) 20 yet to be felt in most classrooms.

单选题Of the thousands of varieties of bird species in North America,______bright red plumage, like the cardinal, are most often designated as state bird.

单选题{{B}}Passage 5{{/B}} Most people who develop Lyme disease, a tick-born infection that's endemic in parts of the Northeast and Midwest, are easily cured by taking an antibiotic like doxycycline for a couple of weeks. But for years a debate has raged over what to do about patients whose symptoms (fatigue, mental confusion, joint pain) never seem to clear up. One small but vocal group of doctors and patient advocates believes that Lyme's corkscrew-shaped spirochetes have tunneled deep into their victims' bodies and can be eradicated only with intensive antibiotic treatment over many months. Another group believes, just as adamantly, that the bacteria are long gone, making further treatment with powerful antibiotics-- which can lead to potentially fatal infections or blood clots--positively dangerous. Now comes word of two studies in the New England Journal of Medicine that show that long-term antibiotic treatment is no better than a placebo for folks with chronic Lyme disease. Originally scheduled for publication in July, the research is part of a group of findings made public last week--just in time for the peak Lyme months of June and July. If confirmed by another major study that's looking at chronic Lyme and antibiotics from a slightly different perspective, the results would seem to settle the question once and for all. Researchers from Boston, New Haven, Conn., and Valhalla, N.Y., followed 129 patients who had previously been treated for well-documented cases of Lyme disease. Sixty-four were given antibiotics directly into their veins for a month, followed by two months of oral antibiotics. The others received dummy medications. A third of the chronic Lyme patients got better while taking the antibiotics. But so did a third of those on the placebo. Indeed, the results were so similar that a monitoring board decided to cut the trials short rather than add more subjects to the test groups. Unfortunately, the debate over chronic Lyme has become so heated that no one expects the controversy to go away. But both sides may take comfort in the other findings that were released by the New England Journal last week. After studying 482 subjects bitten by deer ticks in a part of New York with a lot of Lyme disease, researchers concluded that a singly 200-mg dose of doxycycline dramatically cut the risk of contracting the disease. That good news is tempered somewhat by the fact that 80% of patients who develop the infection don't remember ever being bitten by a tick. (The bugs inject an anesthetic into the skin to mask the pain and in their nymph stage are so small--about the size of a poppy seed--that they are easily overlooked. ) There's still plenty you can do to protect yourself in a Lyme-infested neighborhood: tuck your pants in your socks, spray DEET on your clothing, check yourself and your kids for ticks. And if you develop a spreading red rash--particularly if it's accompanied by joint pain, chills or confusion--make sure you see a doctor right away. The trick, as always, is to be vigilant without overreacting.

单选题How well did the speaker do in the test?

单选题The struggle to succeed in one of the world's most competitive societies is starting earlier and earlier, and is most evident in the growing popularity of special schools that train students during evenings and weekends to pass the examinations required to enter private schools and colleges. Once on the edge of the educational system, such schools, or jukus, are now so common in Japan that, especially for those people at the top level of society, they have begun to replace regular schools in importance for parents and students and even reaching down to 2 and 3-year-old children. The rise of jukus is praised by some as one of the secrets of Japanese success, a healthy sign of a system where people advance on the basis of merit. It is also criticized as a movement forcing a new generation of Japanese to sacrifice their childhood out of an extreme desire for status and getting ahead. The people who run and teach at jukus say the schools are popular only because they work, creating a lively and interesting environment in which students learn because they are enjoying themselves. One of the most prestigious jukus for 2 and 3-year-olds sends most of its pre-kindergarten graduates to prestigious elementary schools. If these students get good grades in a prestigious school, they can advance all the way to a university without having to take examinations. Jukus defenders say that students are only gaining the discipline and the ability to endure pressure that they will need in life. But the very success of jukus in training youngsters to pass exams has made the competition worse: jukus help more students pass exams, so the exams have to be made more difficult. " Jukus are raising a generation of kids who only know how to pass entrance examinations," said an official of the Japan Teachers Union. " But the most important educational purpose is giving children the ability to live in society.That's being left out." The Education Ministry has tried to combat the juku system by improving public schools, reducing class sizes, improving teacher training, and making the curriculum more flexible. But ministry officials concede that those steps have not worked.

单选题If children who cannot write are asked to write the story they have been told orally , they tend to scribble in ______ across a page. A. patterns B. designs C. models D. scratches

单选题According to the 28th annual survey of college freshmen conducted by the American Council on Education UCLA, ______.

单选题The examples of the second paragraph may indicate that______.

单选题No country in the world has more daily newspapers than the USA. There are almost 2,000 of them, as compared with 180 in Japan, 164 in Argentina and 111 in Britain. The quality of some American papers is extremely high and their views are quoted all over the world. Distinguished dailies like The Washington Post or The New York Times have a powerful influence all over the country. However, the Post and the Times are not national newspapers in the sense that The Times is in Britain or Le Monde is in France, since each American city has its own daily newspaper. The best of these present detailed accounts of national and international news, but many tend to limit themselves to state or city news. Like the press in most other countries, American newspapers range from the " sensational", which feature crime, sex and rumor, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events. But with few exceptions American newspapers try to entertain as well as give information, for they have to compete with television. Just as American newspapers give way to all tastes, so do they also try and apply to readers for all political persuasions. A few newspapers support extremist groups on the far right and on the far left, but most daily newspapers attempt to attract middle-of-the-road Americans who are essentially moderate. Many of these pipers print columns by well known journalists of different political and social views, in order to present a balanced picture. As in other democratic countries American newspapers can be either responsible or irresponsible, but it is generally accepted that the American press serves its country well and that it has more than once bravely uncovered political scandals(丑闻)or crimes, for instance, the Watergate Affair. The newspapers drew the attention of the public to the fears of the Vietnam War.

单选题Many young people like ______ coffee.

单选题They had all stayed on the ninth floor of the Metropole Hotel in Hong Kong in ______ half of February, A. the second B. second C. the two D. two

单选题Over and over in War of the Worlds, he evokes the sensation, more familiar from dreams than movies, ______an otherworldly entity, glimpsed from a great distance, ______suddenly, violently clawing its way into your personal space.

单选题White rice is the world's most popular form office. But it goes through a milling process that removes many nutrients (营养成分). As a result, people who eat a poor diet based on white rice may not get enough vitamin A. Each year about 250,000 to 500,000 children go blind from vitamin A deficiency. The World Health Organization (WHO) says haft of them die within a year of losing their sight. Vitamin A deficiency is a problem especially in Africa and Southeast Asia. So scientists thought of an answer. They combined white rice with plant compounds that the body can change into vitamin A. These plant colorings give the rice a golden color. The scientists also thought of a plan to give away this Golden Rice for free to poor farmers. But the rice cannot be made using traditional methods. The scientists worked for ten years, until 1990, to develop the technology to add genes to rice. Then it took nine more years to get the genes they wanted into the seed. Professor Ingo Potrykus says rice with two added genes will be available in 2013. One gene comes from maize, or corn, and the other from a soil bacterium (细菌). Opponents say such crops may cause environmental damage by breeding with other plants. Opponents also question the safety of Golden Rice. However, Mr. Potrykus says Golden Rice has never been shown to be unsafe for the environment or people. Many agricultural organizations support the project.

单选题______when he started the research, he never gave up trying new ways to increase the production.

单选题The years of practice, of developing my special technique, are just about to ______

单选题Industrial production managers coordinate the resources and activities required to produce millions of goods every year in the United States. Although their duties vary from plant to plant, industrial production managers share many of the same major responsibilities. These responsibilities include production scheduling, staffing, procurement and maintenance of equipment, quality control, inventory control, and the coordination of production activities with those of other departments. The primary mission of industrial production managers is planning the production schedule within budgetary limitations and time constraints. They do this by analyzing the plant's personnel and capital resources to select the best way of meeting the production quota. Industrial production managers determine, often using mathematical formulas, which machines, will be used, whether new machines need to be purchased, whether overtime or extra shifts are necessary, and what the sequence of production will be. They monitor the production run to make sure that it stays on schedule and correct any problems that may arise. Industrial production' managers also must monitor product standards. When quality drops below the established standard, they must determine why standards are not being maintained and how to improve the product. If the problem relates to the quality of work performed in the plant, the manager may implement better training programs, reorganize the manufacturing process, or institute employee suggestion or involvement programs. If the cause is substandard materials, the manager works with the purchasing department to improve the quality of the product's components. Because the work of many departments is interrelated, managers work closely with heads of other departments such as sales, procurement, and logistics to plan and implement company goals, policies, and procedures. For example, the production manager works with the procurement department to ensure that plant inventories are maintained at their optimal level. This is vital to a firm's operation because maintaining the inventory of materials necessary for production ties up the firm's financial resources, yet insufficient quantities cause delays in production. A breakdown in communications between the production manager and the purchasing department can cause slowdowns and a failure to meet production schedules. Just-in- time production techniques have reduced inventory levels, making constant communication among the manager, suppliers, and purchasing departments even more important. Computers play an integral part in this coordination. They also are used to provide up-to-date information on inventory, the status of work in progress, and quality standards. Production managers usually report to the plant manager or the vice president for manufacturing, and may act as liaison between executives and first-line supervisors. In many plants, one production manager is responsible for all aspects of production. In large plants with several operations, there are managers in charge of each operation, such as machining, assembly or finishing.

单选题Students learning English find the news a useful ______ of language practice. To improve their listening comprehension, they listen to the news on the radio and watch it on television. A. resource B. origin C. source D. illustration

单选题According to the passage, what is the relationship between our thoughts and words?