问答题What is metaphor? How does cognitive linguistics interpret it differently from traditional rhetoric? Use a few examples to illustrate how the farmer contributes to our understanding of language.(20/150)

问答题 As we enter the 21st century, the gap between the world's rich and poor is widening, both with in and among countries. 1. {{U}}The vast majority of the world's population is receiving an ever-decreasing share of its collective wealth, while the share claimed by a few rich nations and individuals is steadily growing.{{/U}} In 2001 Forbes magazine counted 538 billionaires with a total net worth of 1.7 trillion dollars, while the United Nations identified 2.8 billion people surviving on less than two dollars a day. Overall, the richest 20 percent of the world's people control 86 percent of global income, while the poorest 20 percent control barely one percent. The impacts of this widening rich-poor gap are varied and worrisome. 2. {{U}}They include environmental destruction—richer nations and individuals can afford to over-consume resources, poorer nations and individuals are forced to over-exploit the environment just to survive.{{/U}} They include migration—people are forced to, move in search of adequate resources. And they include conflict—wealthier nations and individuals fight to keep what they have, while those suffering a lack of resources fight to obtain them. 3. {{U}}Because poorer groups typically lack the assets and technology to conduct large-scale conventional war to obtain their goals, they often resort to low-intensity conflict and terrorism.{{/U}} The causes of this global disparity are diverse and complex, but include colonial era trading patterns that favor industrialized nations; the globalization of economies and economic structures, in which poor nations struggle to compete; a growing "digital divide" characterized by lack of access to information technology; inadequate governance and protection of law; and lack of access to education, healthcare, and social safety nets, especially for women and girls. 4. {{U}}Individuals and nations need not remain in poverty indefinitely, however.{{/U}} With an awareness of the interdependence of our modern world and a concerted political will, it is possible to reverse this trend that threatens to divide the world against itself. And reversing this trend would have powerful and positive impacts on our future. 5. {{U}}Bringing the nearly 5 billion people of the less industrialized world into a sustainable economy through "pro-poor" policies would provide a tremendous boost to the world economy, as well as to those people.{{/U}} With increased economic opportunities come improved access to nutrition, education, and health care. With those come higher income, greater autonomy—especially for women—and the opportunity to pursue environmentally sound technologies and products.

问答题The cry of "art for art"s sake"

问答题lateralization

问答题If people mean anything at all by the expression "untimely death", they must believe that some deaths mn on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely—a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measures of that life were still to be taken. History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue.

问答题Public awareness of the environment has created a surge of interest in home gardening and urban horticultures and has led to the increased use of landscaping to modify the functional and aesthetic aspects of the surroundings. People in every walk of life are becoming more interested in plants, in the environment, and in quality food for better health. Whether it be for homes, business, or recreational facilities, this awareness has created a demand for horticultural products that make a more natural, pleasing, and functional environment. Almost every home or business has potted plants, shrubs, and trees in the landscape, and sometimes fruit and vegetable gardens. The horticulture industry and related industries play an important role in preserving and enhancing the beauty and productivity of the environment. Gardening—whether backyard or balcony—fills a heretofore unmet need. The growing of plants is both therapeutic and recreational in nature.

问答题Match the authors or poets in Column I with the literary trends in Column II.(8 points)1)Modernism2)Imagism3)Romanticism4)Transcendentalism5)Pre-romanticism6)Realism7)Post-modernism8)Neo-classicism

问答题Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题This is a passage drawn from Chapter I of The Moon and Sixpence by Somerset Maugham. Please briefly answer the questions below it. I confess that when first I made acquaintance with Charles Strickland I never for a moment discerned that there was in him anything out of the ordinary. Yet now few will be found to deny his greatness. I do not speak of that greatness which is achieved by the fortunate politician or the successful soldier; that is a quality which belongs to the place he occupies rather than to the man; and a change of circumstances reduces it to very discreet proportions. The Prime Minister out of office is seen, too often, to have been but a pompous rhetorician, and the General without an army is but the tame hero of a market town. The greatness of Charles Strickland was authentic. It may be that you do not like his art, but at all events you can hardly refuse it the tribute of your interest. He disturbs and arrests. The time has passed when he was an object of ridicule, and it is no longer a mark of eccentricity to defend or of perversity to extol him. His faults are accepted as the necessary complement to his merits. It is still possible to discuss his place in art, and the adulation of his admirers is perhaps no less capricious than the disparagement of his detractors; but one thing can never be doubtful, and that is that he had genius. To my mind the most interesting thing in art is the personality of the artist; and if that is singular, I am willing to excuse a thousand faults. I suppose Velasquez was a better painter than El Greco, but custom stales one" s admiration for him; the Cretan, sensual and tragic, proffers the mystery of his soul like a standing sacrifice. The artist, painter , poet, or musician, by his decoration, sublime or beautiful, satisfies the aesthetic sense; but that is akin to the sexual instinct, and shares its barbarity: he lays before you also the greater gift of himself. To pursue his secret has something of the fascination of a detective story. It is a riddle which shares with the universe the merit of having no answer. The most insignificant of Strickland" s works suggests a personality which is strange, tormented, and complex; and it is this surely which prevents even those who do not like his pictures from being indifferent to them; it is this which has excited so curious an interest in his life and character.

问答题While many technological advances occur in an evolutionary manner, occasionally a revolutionary technological appears on the horizon that creates startling new conditions and profound changes. Such is the case with the privately developed Moller Skycar, which is named after its inventor. With his permission, I would like to discuss the military potential of this vehicle. The ruggedized Moller Skycar variant the military is evaluating is called the light aerial multipurpose vehicle, or LAMV (pronounced "lam-vee"). The LAMV is a vertical take-off and landing aircraft that can fly in a quick, quiet, and agile manner. 2. It is a new type of vehicle that combines the speed of an airplane and the vertical take-off capability of a helicopter with some characteristics of a ground vehicle, but without the limitations of any of those existing modes of transportation. The LAMV is not operated like traditional fixed—or rotary-wing aircraft. It has only two hand-operator used to direct the redundant computer control twists to select the desired operating altitude and moves fore and aft to select the rate of climb. 3. The right-hand control twists to select the vehicle's direction and moves side-to-side to provide transverse (crosswise) movement during the hover and early transition-to-flight phases of operation; it also moves fore and aft to control speed and braking. Simply put, the LAMV is user friendly.

问答题The Age of Realism in American Literature

问答题What is the relation between Systemic Grammar and Functional Grammar?

问答题Phoneme is the smallest meaningful unit of sound and morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in grammar.

问答题Names the authors of the following poems and then make a comparative analysis of them."AMORETTI, SONNET 75"One day I wrote her name upon the strand,But came the waves and washed it away:Again I write it with a second hand,But came the tide, and made my pains his prey.Vain man, said she, that doest in vain assay,A mortal thing so to immortalize,For I myself shall like to this decay,And eek my name be wiped out likewise.Not so, (quod I) let baser things deviseTo die in dust, but you shall live by fame:My verse, your virtues rare shall eternize,And in the heavens write your glorious name.Where whenas death shall all the world subdue,Our love shall live, and later life renew."Sonnet 18"Shall I compare thee to a summer"s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer"s lease hath all too short a date:Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometimes declines,By chance, or nature"s changing course, untrimm"d;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow"st;Nor shall Death brag thou wander"st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow"st.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

问答题Americans are used to being warned for their self-destructive fondness for cheese-flavored snacks(有乳酪味道的快餐). But citizens of developing countries are also unable to escape the danger of the First World's fat-rich diet and couch potato ways. At last week's 8th International Congress on Obesity(肥胖), held in Paris, researchers warned that the planet's expanding waistlines threaten "to become the curse of the next millennium(千年)". "We used to consider obesity a problem of industrialized, rich countries," says Arnaud, a member of the meeting's lead committee. "But now it has become a world disease." Researchers blame the trend -- and the attendant rise in the incidence of heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病) -- on the Third World's increasing wealth, reduced physical activity, and more calorie-laden diets. As a result, the World Health Organization has estimated that 300 million people will be obese by 2025, an increase of 50 million from today. In Mauritius, for example, WHO estimates that 32 percent of the population will be obese by 2025, compared with 7 percent in 1987. Last year, WHO said that obesity's fatal impact could rival smoking. There was much hopeful discussion about new drugs such as leptin, a hormone that has proved effective for severe weight problems. But leptin should be a last resort, says Basdevant: "First of all, we have to consider prevention." If America is any indication, however, educating the world about the danger of Big Macs and cable TV will be difficult: despite heightened awareness of the need for proper diet and exercise, the number of obese Americans is expected to double over the next three decades.1.What are Americans warned for?

问答题We all believe in something or someone. We must believe, just as we must eat, sleep, and reproduce. (46) Mankind has an insatiable need for and an irresistible attraction to a vast array of beliefs about gods and demons, magic and miracles, truth and falsehood, love and hate, same and different. Implausible, even irrational ideas, have been cherished for centuries. Saints and other martyrs suffered indescribable pain and agony, even death, for their beliefs. Scientists have been put to death for their belief that the earth is round, or that there is an invisible force called gravity, or that the earth is not the center of the universe with the sun revolving around it, or that the blood circulates throughout the body, or that Man evolved from lower forms of life. (47) Religious leaders have attracted millions of people with their version of how life began and how we must behave; if people do not believe in medicine and science religion, education, government and the social contract, chaos results 'and no society can tolerate that which is why all societies impose order on their members. We must believe or face unbearable ambiguity and anxiety. Is the most effective belief system one that is composed of absolutes—unyielding, unvarying and eternal? (48) The answer is yes. because when we eliminate doubt from a situation we feel secure, restored to balance but if the belief system is science and is based on objective information without absolutes and requires a questioning attitude, it unnerves people. Any system that offers definitive answers to complex human questions and problems: this is right, this is wrong, this is true, this is false — one question, one answer only, is very appealing. (49) All beliefs require confirmation from an authoritative source whether that be a priest, a rabbi, a family member, a special friend, an expert — one who commands obedience and respect. Perhaps all belief is composed of the same elements in approximately the same proportions for even science requires a suspension of some disbelief, some uncertainty, however miniscule. Black Holes and the Big Bang are metaphoric truths derived from the physics we know now. But you have to believe, to have faith in the methods of science to gather information, to analyse and interpret it objectively in order to accept its conclusions. No one witnessed the Big Bang, or a Black Hole. These were inferred from careful study and analysis by many researchers. (50) Fear of the unknown certainly lends credence to any charismatic figure who makes great promises of a better life now and after death, which has worked throughout the ages and still does.

问答题We all know that the most powerful force in our fives is love. In addition to providing us with soul-warming companionship, the emotion of love is truly inspiring. Of course, the facts of our lives tell a somewhat sad story. We have a very hard time making love last. The divorce rate in the U.S. is still around 50 percent. That figure doesn"t even cover the many couples that live together without marriage and whose unions are even more likely to dissolve. Relationships fail because people have the misconception about what to expect in marriage. The fantasy is that everything will be wonderful as long as you find the perfect person-your missing half. But marriage is a team sport. It"s one team with two people, with two different minds. The difficulty is that these two people disagree all the time. They need to know nondestructive ways of expressing differences and must also be prepared for the inevitable disappointments that come from living with another person.

问答题她刚要开始唱歌，观众就开始鼓掌和大声地欢呼，她只得停下来，并向他们鞠躬。

问答题证明信