问答题rDNA Technology After thirty years of investigation into cell genetics, researchers made startling discoveries in the 1960s and early 1970s which culminated in the development of processes, collectively known as recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) technology, for the active manipulation of a cell"s genetic code. The technology has created excitement and controversy because it involves altering DNA—which contains the building blocks of the genetic code. Using rDNA technology, scientists can transfer a portion of the DNA from one organism to a single living cell of another. The scientist chemically "snips" the DNA chain of the host cell at a predetermined point and attaches another piece of DNA from a donor cell at that place, creating a completely new organism. Proponents of rDNA research and development claim that it will allow scientists to find cures for disease and to better understand how genetic information controls an organism"s development. They also see many other potentially practical benefits, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Some corporations employing the new technology even claim that by the end of the century all major diseases will be treated with drugs derived from microorganisms created through rDNA technology. Pharmaceutical products already developed, but not yet marketed, indicate that these predictions may be realized. Proponents also cite nonmedical applications for this technology. Energy production and waste disposal may benefit: genetically altered organisms could convert sewage and other organic material into methane fuel. Agriculture might also take advantage of rDNA technology to produce new varieties of crops that resist foul weather, pests, and the effects of poor soil. A major concern of the critics of rDNA research is that genetically altered microorganisms might escape from the laboratory. Because these microorganisms are laboratory creations that, in all probability, do not occur in nature, their interaction with the natural world cannot be predicted with certainty. It is possible that they could cause previously unknown, perhaps incurable diseases. The effect of genetically altered microorganisms on the world"s microbiological predator-prey relationships is another potentially serious problem pointed out by the opponents of rDNA research. Introducing a new species may disrupt or even destroy the existing ecosystem. The collapse of interdependent relationships among species, extrapolated to its extreme, could eventually result in the destruction of humanity. Opponents of rDNA technology also cite ethical problems with it. For example, it gives scientists the power to instantly cross evolutionary and species boundaries that nature took millennia to establish. The implications of such power would become particularly profound if genetic engineers were to tinker with human genes, a practice that would bring US one step closer to Aldous Huxley"s grim vision in Brave New World of a totalitarian society that engineers human beings to fulfill specific roles． Questions：

问答题Directions: Read the following paragraph and then write a response paper of about 250 to 300 English words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET (2). When there is a heavy rain in the north of China, cities and towns are often flooded. But heavy rains in southern cities seldom pose severe problems. When there is a heavy snow in the south of China, cities and towns often run into chaos. But heavy snows in the north seldom pose severe problems. What should city planners do to deal with this and what do you think of the different ways of dealing with it?

问答题It was the private property of three confederate white seamen of that ship, one of whom, it seems, communicated it to Tashtego with Romish injunctions of secrecy, but the following night Tashtego rambled in his sleep, and revealed so much of it in that way, that when he was wakened he could not well withhold the rest. Nevertheless, so potent an influence did this thing have on those seamen in the Pequod who came to the full knowledge of it , and by such a strange delicacy , to call it so, were they governed in this matter, that they kept the secret among themselves so that it never transpired abaft the Pequod" s mainmast .

问答题Directions:Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethepicture,2)interpretitsmeaning,and3)pointouttheimplicationsinourlife.Youshouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions:Lookatthefollowingpictureandwriteanarticleonadvertisement.Yourarticleshouldcoverthepointsbelow1)Theomnipresence(无所在不，普遍)ofadvertisements2)Theiradvantages3)TheirdisadvantagesYoushouldwriteabout200wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions: In this part you are required to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of The Problems I Have in My English Study.

问答题The teacher got impatient that after explaining the past tense many times and giving many examples, the pupils still wrote "I play football yesterday".

问答题The announcement comes after experts estimated that most of the population in Britain would be obese by 2050 unless urgent action is taken and the related rise in ill health would cost the National Health Service 50 billion pounds a year. According to ministers, giving people incentives to fight the flab will help avoid larger costs associated with treating cancer, heart disease and diabetes caused by obesity. The government said that it wants to make Britain the first major nation to quash the rising tide of obesity. And the milestone strategy-Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives-is their solution to the problem. The strategy will feature a series of projects run through a Well@work scheme led by British Heart Foundation, which will offer rewards to workers who lose weight.

问答题The years between 1870 and 1895 brought enormous changes to the theater in the United States as the resident company was undermined by touring groups, as New York became the only major center of production, and as the long run replaced the repertory (库 存) system. By 1870, the resident stock company was at the peak of its development in the United States. The 50 permanent companies of 1870, however, had dwindled to 20 by 1878, to 8 by 1880, to 4 by 1887, and had almost disappeared by 1900. While the causes of this change are numerous, probably the most important was the rise of the "combination" company (that is, one that travels with stars and full company). Sending out a complete production was merely a logical extension of touring by stars. By the 1840's many major actors were already taking along a small group of lesser players, for they could not be sure that local companies could supply adequate support in secondary roles. There is much disagreement about the origin of the combination company. Bouciault claimed to have initiated it around 1860 when he sent out a troupe with Colleen Bawn, but a book published in 1859 speaks of combination companies as already established. Joseph Jefferson [II also declared that he was a pioneer in the movement. In actuality, the practice probably began tentatively during the 1850's, only to be interrupted by the Civil War. It mushroomed in the 1870's, as the rapid expansion of the railway system made it increas- ingly feasible to transport full productions. In 1872, Lawrence Barrett took his company, but no scenery, on tour; in 1876, Rose Michel was sent out with full company, scenery, and properties. By the season of 1876—1877 there were nearly 100 combination companies on the road, and by 1886 there were 282.

问答题It is reported that the company will go bankrupt.

问答题Puritanism

问答题 Genius The greatest results in life are attained by simple means, and the exercise of ordinary qualities. The common life of every day, with its cares, necessities, and duties, affords ample opportunity for acquiring experience of the best kind; and 41. {{U}}its most beaten paths provide the true worker with abundant scope for effort and room for self-improvement.{{/U}} 42. {{U}}The road of human welfare lies along the old highway of steadfast well-doing;{{/U}} and they who are the most persistent, and work in the truest: spirit, will usually be the most successful. Fortune has often been blamed for her blindness; but fortune is not so blind as men are. 43. {{U}}Those who look into practical life will find that fortune is usually on the side of the industrious, as the winds and waves are on the side of the best navigators.{{/U}} In the pursuit of even the highest branches of human inquiry, the commoner qualities are found the most useful, such as common sense, attention, application, and perseverance. Genius may not be necessary, though even genius of the highest sort does not disdain the use of these ordinary qualities. 44. {{U}}The very greatest men have been among the least believers in the power of genius, and as worldly wise and persevering as successful men of the commoner sort.{{/U}} 45. {{U}}Some have even defined genius to be only common sense intensified.{{/U}} A distinguished teacher and president of a college spoke of it as the power of making efforts. John Foster held it to be the power of lighting one's own fire. Buffon said of genius "it is patience".

问答题Componential analysis (浙江大学2005研；北航2008研)

问答题to take up provisional post in

问答题The Turn of the Screw

问答题clause

问答题我对北大图书馆有一种特殊的感情，这种感情潜伏在我的内心深处，从没有明确地意识到。最近，图书馆的领导要我写一篇关于图书馆的文章，我连考虑都没有，立即一口答应。然而我立刻感到有点吃惊。我现在事情非常多，抽点时间，并非易事。若不是心中早就蕴藏着这种感情的话，能出现这种情况吗?作为全国最高学府的北京大学，我们有悠久的爱国主义的革命历史传统，有实事求是的学术传统，这些都是难能可贵的；但是，我认为，一个第一流的大学，必须有第一流的设备、第一流的图书、第一流的教师、第一流的学者和第一流的管理。