问答题生活不会总是给予我们想要的一切，所以我们不可能一直成功。但是，不管现在的生活多么艰难，我们不应该错过生活中的快乐时刻。我们必须要有梦想，因为有梦想，我们的生活就会有明确的目标。有目标的人生才是幸福的人生。无论身在何处，做什么，我们都必须非常勤奋，因为没有免费的午餐。

问答题What does Virginia Woolf use to present the life of the titled character in her Mrs. Dalloway?

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} {{I}} Some people prefer to plan activities for their free time very carefully. Others choose not to make any plans at all for their free time. Compare the benefits of planning free time activities with the benefits of not making plans. Which do you prefer planning or not planning for your leisure time? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. You should write about 180 words and put your composition on ANSWER SHEET 2.{{/I}}

问答题Directions: You borrowed a book from Wang Lin, a friend of yours, Unfortunately you lost the book and can't find it anywhere. Write a letter to apologize for it, trying to make up, for your fault. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions：In this part there is an essay in Chirlese．Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET．Make sure that your surnmary covers the major points of the essay． 食品安全问题 食品安全(food safety)指食品无毒、无害，符合应当有的营养要求，对人体健康不造成任何急性、亚急性或者慢性危害。而近年来，食品安全法正与各种各样的食品安全问题展开战斗。食品安全问题正面临着前所未有的巨大挑战。 “冰冻三尺，非一曰之寒”，近期曝光的几个假食品，不是在市场上横空出世，而是滋生蔓延已久，甚至已经形成产业链，颇具规模。像“合成豆腐”，外包装袋上还有其仿冒的正宗产品独有的激光防伪标志，原来制假者专门配备了价值800万元左右的激光制版机，舍得下如此血本，可见其规模之大，销路之广。俗话说，苍蝇不叮无缝的蛋，以假豆腐之“软”，竟然能在市场上获得如此强劲的生命力，监管的长期乏力甚至缺失，难辞其咎。 更有甚者，在生产假葡萄酒厂家的车间里，都安装着监控摄像头，直接连通当地质监部门，并有专人监控。但就是在这些摄像头底下，造假者都毫无顾忌地灌装假冒的名牌葡萄酒。这种“睁一只眼闭一只眼”的背后，恐怕还不只是失职渎职那么简单。监管的眼睛是闭上了，而利益的眼睛则可能睁得雪亮。 出了事，要么说“不归我管”，要么说“管不了”。其实，这些“说法”本身就已经能说明食品监管存在问题。 首先，造假手法不断翻新升级，食品安全挑战变幻莫测，确实存在制度不完善、职能不健全的问题，相关部门“心有余而力不足”；其次，恐怕还是“非不能也，是不为也”，或者“为”起来也不那么给力。 工业文明的技术和成果，如果在不良的法治和道德环境中，将会发生怎样可怕的异化?其威胁的，还不仅仅是人们餐桌上的美味佳肴，更是一个文明社会的公序良俗。假鸡蛋、“合成豆腐”等假食品，在制假技术上可能还很“初级”，但其技术化、产业化的危险倾向已经值得引起全社会的警觉。 有鉴于此，我们既需要提倡行业道德，净化市场环境，完善食品安全监管体系，同时还应采取加大管理力度等措施，最后要提倡绿色健康食品产业的发展。构筑隐形的防线，需要有关部门更加负责、更加主动、更加常态化地开展工作，变“事后推责”为“事先履职”，变“踢皮球”为“打组合拳”，变“感叹空白”为“填补空白”。 只有这样，才能构筑起坚实的监管防线，食品安全问题才会逐渐冰消瓦解，百姓才会真正放心。

问答题Directions: As is known to all, Mo Yan won Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012. Please give possible reasons why he won it. Please write a composition entitled My Reflections on Mo Yan's Winning Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012 in no less than 200 words.

问答题In the 1990s, people are very aware of how bad things are. As a result, they completely ignore information about new developments and crises to prevent themselves from going "crazy". Today's leaders should therefore provide people with a sense that current problems are soluble (可以解决的). We need to break large-scale crises down to small manageable pieces rather than cause people to believe that the situation is even more complex and difficult that they thought. People need to believe that they can really do something within their own situation, and to do this, they must recognize that it is in their self-interest to change their behavior.

问答题Directions: You should write no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below." 1．有人说“金钱不是万能的，没有金钱是万万不能的”。 2．你怎么看待这句话。

问答题二房东

问答题Tusks in good condition are in great demand，and may sell for as high as two thousand dollars or more．(passage2)

问答题U火车票实名制/U是指乘客在购买火车票和乘坐火车时，需要登记、核查个人真实姓名和身份证的一种制度。

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) (46) {{U}}For centuries the smoking of tobacco in cigarettes, cigars, and pipes has produced controversy over possible health hazards, but only since the 1950's has sufficient scientific evidence accumulated to make possible a thorough evaluation of the health risk.{{/U}} Scientific investigation of the relationship of smoking and health gained impetus after the beginning of the 20th century, then an increase in lung cancer was noted. As the use of tobacco increased, studies improved. (47) {{U}}Although some gaps in knowledge still exist, the information now available is sufficient to permit making sound judgments, based on the converging lines of evidence.{{/U}} (48) {{U}}Investigators have directed their principal consideration to cigarette smoking because the health consequences attributed to it far exceed those due to smoking cigars and pipes.{{/U}} The widespread popularity of cigarettes is comparatively recent in man's use of tobacco. The smoking pattern began to change at the beginning of the 20th century. Since then, cigarettes have steadily become more popular than cigars and pipes. (49) {{U}}In the United States. per capita cigarette consumption — calculated for all persons 15 years of age and older, regardless of whether they smoked—rose from 49 per year in 1900 to 3,888 in 1960.{{/U}} Per capita consumption of cigars, pipe tobacco, and chewing tobacco declined sharply in the same period. Data presented in 1966 indicated a sharp reduction in cigarette smoking in the United States for men under the age of 55 with the trend continuing to 1970. Further increase in cigarette consumption for women of all ages was reported in 1966 and no further increase was noted 1966 and 1970. However, in 1970 overall per capita cigarette consumption rose. By 1962 the Royal College of Physicians of London reported:" Cigarette smoking is a cause of lung cancer and bronchitis, and various other less common diseases. It delays healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers." Some scientists, however, expressed dissenting opinions. The most widely publicized report in the United States was issued in 1964 by the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health. (50) {{U}}The principal judgment in the committee's 150,000-word report was: "Cigarette smoking is a health hazard of sufficient importance in the United States to warrant appropriate remedial action."{{/U}} The smokers of pipes and cigars were found to incur less health risk. However, the incidence of cancer and heart disease among them was found to be greater than among nonsmokers.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Title: Idol of This Age: Bill Gates or Lei Fang Outline: the present state, your opinion, and your reasons. You should write about 160--200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions: Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80--100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2. 如何让你的大脑更聪慧 益智的药物。 到了40岁左右，诚实的人就可能承认已经注意到他们的智力变化了。这是逐渐衰退的开端，我们当中有很多人到头来会变为痴呆。有几种可能产生被称为“认知增强”效果的药物，它们已经出现在市场上，还有二三十种其他药物也即将面世。或许最著名的要算莫达菲尼(modafinil)了。莫达菲尼可以使人保持清醒和机警连续达90小时，不会出现紧张不安和注意力不集中。事实上，失眠的人们在莫达菲尼的帮助下甚至能比他们充分休息而不用药时的表现还要好。 有益于思维的食物。 你的大脑是你身体里最贪婪的器官，对饮食有某些相当特殊的要 求。所以你吃的东西会影响你怎样思维，就不足为奇了。 首先，早餐必须具备最高的质量。给大脑持续稳定地供应葡萄糖是对大脑最好的营养方式，许多研究已经表明，不吃早餐会降低人们在学校和工作中的表现。英国厄尔斯特大学的巴巴拉·斯图尔特曾发现，烤面包加豆类是极好的组合。吃烤面包会在各种认知测试中增加儿童们的得分，但是如果测试变得难度更高，则含有高蛋白豆类的早餐效果最好。 对午餐的明智选择是炒鸡蛋和沙拉。鸡蛋富含胆碱，身体用它制造神经传递素乙酰胆碱。乙酰胆碱的低水平也与阿尔茨海默氏病有关，而有些研究表明，增加膳食的摄入量可以延缓与年龄有关的记忆丧失。午后3时左右，不要忘记弄点儿点心吃，以保持你体内的葡萄糖水平。 最后，你最好用草莓和蓝莓结束晚餐。用这些水果饲养的大家鼠已表现出了协调力、注意力和短期记忆力的提高。 莫扎特效应。 如今在威斯康星大学奥什科什分校工作的心理学家弗朗西斯·劳谢尔，10年前和她的同事们发现，听莫扎特的音乐可以提高人们的数学和空间推理能力，从而轰动一时。上音乐课的6岁儿童，与那些上戏剧课或者没有接受课外教育的儿童相比，他们的智商得分会高出2至3点。与此相似，劳谢尔发现，在空间推理测验方面，上过两年音乐课的学龄前儿童比上过计算机课的儿童得分更多。 有益的记忆训练。 人的智商是用脑力解决问题的各种能力(包括空间推理的各种技能、记忆和言辞推理)的一种测量尺度。直到最近，人们一直认为智商主要是由遗传学确定下来的固定不变的东西。但是近来有些线索表明，称为暂存记忆的一种最基本的大脑功能可能构成我们一般智力的基础，同时展现出让人感兴趣的可能性：如果你的暂存记忆得到改善，你的智商也就可以得到提高。 良好的睡眠。 睡眠不足对你的大脑极为有害。编制计划、解决问题、学习、集中注意力、暂存记忆和保持警惕，这一切都会遭受冲击。智商得分急剧下降。幸运的是，这种情况可以逆转，而且还不止于此。如果你让不失眠的人多睡上一两个小时，他们完成需要持久注意力的任务(如考试)会比平常时好得多。 锻炼身体。 对于那些厌烦学习的人来说，他们的夙愿得以实现。只要一个星期3次均衡慢速地步行半小时，就能将学习、专注和抽象推理等能力提高15%。在岁数较大的人中，这些效应特别显著。经常步行的老年人在记忆测试中的成绩比坐着不动的同龄人要好得多。更重要的是，几年下来，他们在各种认知测试中的得分比那些不步行的人的得分显示出少得多的下降。 积极的神经反馈。 神经反馈是从20世纪60年代流行的生物反馈疗法发展出来的。它通过向人们显示他们生理机能的某个看来不可控制方面(例如心率)的实时测量数字，并促使他们努力改变这个数字来达到治疗目的。令人惊讶的是，许多病人发现他们能够改变这个数字，不过他们很少有人能够描述是怎样做成这件事的。 德国蒂宾根大学的内尔斯·毕尔鲍麦尔想要了解，神经反馈是否能帮助患精神病的罪犯控制他们的冲动。而且有迹象表明，这种方法能提高创造性，增强我们的兴奋度，给懦弱的人以更多的自信，提高低落的情绪，改变左右脑活动间的平衡，还能改变性格特征。所有这一切都归功于大脑思维的力量。

问答题 A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of the nation, either by the laws of nature or by those of society.46){{U}}The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated.{{/U}} In all Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence(生活维持费)in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist (维持生活), in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any "reason". 47){{U}}I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let's say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refuses an), kind of social obligation.{{/U}} This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. 48){{U}}This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature; actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.{{/U}} 49){{U}}However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer.{{/U}} If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case. 50){{U}}But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees; its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.{{/U}}

问答题American Transcendentalism(3 points)

问答题这起车祸表明，许多人仍然未对新交通法规给予足够的重视。

问答题{{B}} On College Admission{{/B}}