问答题Intercultural communication (南开大学2006研)

问答题

问答题In practice, how to make payment by the combination of the L/C and collection?

问答题Japanese firms have achieved the highest levels of manufacturing efficiency in the world automobile industry. 46) Some observers of Japan have assumed that Japanese firms use the same manufacturing equipment and techniques as United States firms but have benefited from the unique characteristics of Japanese employees and the Japanese culture. However, if this were true, then one would expect Japanese auto plants in the United States to perform no better than factories run by United States companies. This is not the case. 47) Japanese-run automobile plants located in the United States and staffed by local workers have demonstrated higher levels of productivity when compared with factories owned by United States companies. Other observers link high Japanese productivity to higher levels of capital investment per worker. But a historical perspective leads to a different conclusion. 48) When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms. Furthermore, by the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle was roughly equivalent in Japan and in the United States. Since capital investment was not higher in Japan, it had to be other factors that led to higher productivity. A more fruitful explanation may lie with Japanese production techniques. Japanese automobile producers did not simply implement conventional processes more effectively; they made critical change in United States procedures. 49) For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently. Japanese automakers chose to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices, including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs. 50) Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines, thereby eliminating the need to store the spare stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.

问答题What accounts for the astounding popularity of Dr. Phil McGraw? Why have so many TV viewers and book buyers embraced this tough warrior of a psychologist who tells them to suck it up and deal with their own problems rather than complaining and blaming everyone else? Obviously, Oprah Winfrey has a tot to do with it. She made him famous with regular appearances on her show, and is co-producing the new "Dr. Phil" show that's likely to be the hottest new daytime offering this fall. But we decided to put Dr. Phil on the cover not just because he's a phenomenon. (1) We think his success may reflect an interesting shift in the American spirit of time. Could it be that we're finally getting tired of the culture of victimology? This is a tricky subject, because there are very sad real victims among us. Men still abuse women in alarming numbers. Racism and discrimination persist in subtle and not-so-subtle forms. (2) But these days, almost anyone can find a therapist or lawyer to assure them that their professional relationship or health problems aren't their fault. As Marc Peyser tells us in his terrific profile of Dr. Phil, the TV suits were initially afraid audiences would be offended by his stern advice to "get real!" In fact, viewers thirsted for the tough talk. Privately, we all know we have to take responsibility for decisions we control. It may not be revolutionary advice (and may leave out important factors like unconscious impulses). (3) But it's still an important message with clear echoing as, a year later, we contemplate the personal lessons of September 11. Back at the livestock farm—the one in Crawford, Texas—President Bush continued to issue mixed signals on Iraq. (4) He finally promised to consult allies and Congress before going to war, and signaled an attack isn't coming right now ("I'm a patient man"). But so far there has been little consensus-building, even as the administration talks of "regime change" and positions troops in the gulf. Bush's team also ridiculed the press for giving so much coverage to the Iraq issue. Defense Secretary Rumsfeld called it a "frenzy", and Press Secretary Ari Fleischer dismissed it as "self-inflicted silliness". But as Michael Hirsh notes in our lead story, much of the debate has been inside the Republican Party, (5) where important voices of experience argue Bush needs to prepare domestic and world opinion and think through the global consequences before moving forward. With so much at stake, the media shouldn't pay attention? Now who's being silly?

问答题Futures marketA futures market is basically an organized forum for the trading of futures contracts under highly standardized terms. The basic elements that form this market are discussed below : Future Exchange[1] Future exchanges have existed in many countries since the mid-nineteenth century. Today, many futures exchanges all over the world are active in trading futures contracts on vanous commodities and financial instruments, such as stock index futures, agricultural commodities futures, metal futures, energy futures. A futures exchange is usually a membership organization whose purpose is to facilitate the trading of futures contracts. It provides the physical facilities and organizational framework make possible the execution and processing of futures transactions. Every futures exchange may have its own unique structure. But usually, there is a board of directors , elected by exchange members. The rules, regulations and policies set by the board are implemented by an executive committee, control committee, and new products committee, etc. Each exchange has a fixed number of memberships. Once all the authorized memberships have been sold, prospective new members must purchase a membership from a current member. Only exchange members must enjoy the privileges: access to the trading area and reduce transaction costs. Non-membership must trade by entering orders through members. The general responsibilities of a futures exchange include providing: ·An adequate physical location for the trading areas in which members execute transactions ; ·Communications capabilities between the exchange floor and the outside world; ·Procedures that ensure the swift and accurate processing of transactions that take place on the trading floor; ·Effective margining and clearing systems to requirements guarantee the financial integrity of the exchanges contracts ; ·Rules and regulations that meet the requirements of regulatory authorities and that ensure the fair treatment of all market participants; ·Viable futures contracts. Broker Broker is an agent as a person or a firm that deals with the futures buying and selling in the futures market for and on the behalf of the customers. The broker must be the member of the futures exchange, if not, he cannot enter the floor for such dealings. The non-membership enterprises or persons that have such dealing desires and needs cannot enter the floor for the transaction either, except that they authorize the qualified broker to enter into a futures contract for them. The brokers remuneration consists of a brokerage, usually calculated as a percentage of the sum involved in the contract but sometimes fixed by a tariff. Brokers are used because they have specialized knowledge of certain markets. The Clearing House[2] Clearing house is a centralized system for settling indebtedness between members. Every futures exchange has a clearing house, in which sales and purchases are registered with the clearing house for settlement at the end of the accounting period. The structure of a clearing house varies from exchange to exchange. A clearing house may be a distinct entity with its own staffs and boards that do not overlap with its related exchange. For instance, the London International Financial Futures and Options uses the London Clearing House. Some clearing houses are part of the exchanges. For example, the clearing entity is a department within Chicago Mercantile Exchange and New York Mercantile Exchange. Membership in a clearing house is available only to members of the related exchange and only to those who can meet strict financial requirements. These stringent financial requirements are necessary because it is the collective strength of the clearing house members that ultimately guarantees the financial integrity of all the trades carried out on the affiliated exchange. A member of exchange may transact business on the floor of that exchange for himself and for others. However, if the exchange member is not a member of the clearing house, all transactions must be cleared through a clearing member by paying certain fee. That is to say, the non-clearing member maintains an account with the clearing member and all trades of non-clearing member are held in that account. The clearing member should be responsible for the performance of these trades. The clearing house interposes itself between the buyer and the seller: the buyer has a contract with the clearing house and not directly with the seller, and the seller now has a contract with the clearing house and not with the buyer. The clearing house is not only the buyer of all the contracts, but also the seller of all the contracts. In consequence, futures traders do not need to worry about the credit risk of the other party with whom they are dealing. This greatly simplifies the administration of futures contracts, as every contract is with the clearing house. It also has the major benefit of standardizing and reducing the default risk of a futures contract. The function of the clearing house is realized only by the guarantee of the margin system. Futures margin is a faith deposit regulated by the clearing house. It is intended to protect the seller against the buyers default if prices fall and the buyer against the sellers default if prices rise. Two kinds of margin are commonly used by clearing houses: ·Original Margin or Initial Margin.[3] Original margin is the deposit that must be made when a futures position is initiated. It generally ranged from about 2o-/o to lOu/o of the value of the futures contract. ·Variation Margin or Call Margin.[4] To minimize the losses from any default, changes in the price of futures contracts are settled on a daily basis. This is called marking to the market. Each day, at the close of trading, the change in price of a futures contract during that day is calculated. If the price changes should be adverse to the traders position, then his original margin will be reduced. A1l exchanges require that once a traders original margin is reduced to a certain level, known as the maintenance margin, additional funds must be paid to the clearing house to keep his original margin at the normal level. This payment is called variation margin. Participants According to their location, participants can be divided into those who trade on the floor of the exchange and those who do not. Floor traders can be further divided into those who trade on their own account and those who trade on behalf of others. In the United States, brokers are also called futures commission merchants or FCMs. Some brokers may also trade for their own accounts. According to their motive for futures trading, participants may be split into two kinds: those who use futures market to reduce his exposure to price changes and those who attempts to profit by correctly anticipating price movements and trading accordingly. [1]期货交易所 [2]清算所 [3]初始保证金 [4]追加保证金 Questions for reading :

问答题A speech act consists of three related acts according to J. L. Austin"s Speech Act theory. What are they? Analyze the following conversation in the light of Speech Act theory.(北航2008研)Customer; Waiter! There"s a fly in my soup. Waiter; Don"t worry, there"s no extra charge.

问答题hard money

问答题我会培养自己专心致志的习惯。一旦手头有事，决不让任何事物使我分心。我会牢记：一位优秀的溜冰手从不试图同时滑向两个不同的方向。如果及早培养专心致志的习惯，它就会成为我们生命的一部分。我常常听到成年人说：“尽管我希望能集中注意力听演讲或读书，但往往做不到。”其原因就在于年轻时没有养成这种习惯。

问答题Do not show impatience if you feel the interviewer is repeating things or asking questions that have no relevance to the matter in hand.

问答题Read the following poem carefully. What syntactic deviations are employed in it? What stylistic effect might result from the deviations? What cohesive devices are used? Who does "thou"refer to? How effective is its use?(16/150)My friend—Emily Dickinson My friend must be a Bird—Because it flies! Mortal,my friend must be,Because it dies".Barbs has it, like a Bee!Ah, curious friend!Thou puzzlest me!

问答题3. Benefit, dishonest means, trouble.

问答题Pater son

问答题Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.

问答题Emerson states; "Let a man then know his worth, and keep things under his feet. " This indicates the author" s belief in real virtue. Please make comments on this line.

问答题你(Li Yuan)准备加入一个俱乐部(文艺俱乐部、书画俱乐部、旅游俱乐部或者体育俱乐部)。 写一份申请，内容如下： (1)加入什么俱乐部； (2)加入俱乐部的原因； (3)自己的特长。

问答题 Eric Hansen writes about travel as a participating enthusiast rather than a mere observer. (46) {{U}}It gives these nine essays, based on his adventures over the past quarter- century, a resonance and psychological depth not usually seen in more routine travel narratives. {{/U}} (47) {{U}}The reader follows wide-eyed from the armchair as Mr. Hansen journeys from the French Riviera to the South Pacific, India, the United States and Borneo. {{/U}}Each story combines nuanced portraits of memorable characters with lyrical descriptions of human fallibility and generosity. In his wildest tale, Mr. Hansen recounts his time working at a hotel on Thursday Island in the Torres Strait. (48) {{U}}"Seldom," he writes, "does one have the chance to enjoy the company of people who have so completely given themselves over to the cultivation of the low life in such style and with such gusto. " (49) Beyond the booze, broken glass and fist fights, the author learns the history of the island's pearl divers who, in canvas suits and lead-weighted shoes, snatch gold-lip pearl shells from a seabed teeming with sea snakes, giant groupers and saltwater crocodiles. {{/U}} Other stories tell of drinking hallucinogenic kava in Vanuatu; lingering on a beach with a beautiful Maldivian girl in a pleasurable pursuit that the locals call "night fishing"; cooking piroshki with a Moscow Moscow in a tiny manhattan apartment while drug dealers shoot each other in the lobby below; and watching the Indonesian crew of a becalmed tall ship dance on deck to country and western music. (50) {{U}}The most moving story comes from Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), where the author's frustration at the impenetrable bureaucracy when trying to ship his belongings home is put into perspective by his voluntary work at Mother Theresa's home for the dying. {{/U}}Here he bathes, feeds and comforts the inhabitants of the men's ward, where the panic and despair of death are replaced by dignity and humour. This sensitive portrait alone makes this heartfelt collection a magical and uplifting read.