问答题以"Failure and Success"为题写一篇短文，内容包括: (1)人生中遭遇失败很常见； (2)每个人都渴望成功； (3)失败是走向成功的必经之路。

问答题 Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Cancer is used generically for more than 100 different diseases, including malignant tumors of different sites such as breast, stomach, colon, lung and mouth. (1) {{U}}The disease arises principally as a consequence of individual exposure to the substances that cause cancer in what individuals inhale, eat and drink, or are exposed to in their personal or work environment.{{/U}} Personal habits, such as tobacco use, dietary and physical activity patterns--well as occupational and environmental conditions--rather than genetic factors, play the major roles in the development of cancer. Many of the chronic diseases risk and the diseases themselves overlap. In developed countries, cancer is the second-biggest cause of death after cardiovascular disease (CVD), and epidemiological evidence points to this trend emerging in the less developed world. This is particularly true in countries of "transition" or middle income countries such as in South America and Asia. Already more than half of all cancer cases occur in developing countries. There are approximately 20 million people living with cancer at the moment; by 2020 there will an estimated 30 million. And the impact is far greater than the number of cases alone would suggest. (2) {{U}}Regardless of prognosis, the initial diagnosis is often{{/U}} {{U}}perceived bv patients as life-threatening, with over one-third of sufferers experiencing clinical anxiety and depression.{{/U}} Cancer can also be profoundly distressing as well as economically disruptive to patients' families. The clinical care of cancer patients is a costly element in public health budgets. (3) {{U}}Dietary factors are estimated to account for approximately 30% of cancers in Western countries, making diet second only to tobacco as a preventable cause of cancer.{{/U}} This proportion is thought to be about 20% in developing countries and is projected to grow. As developing countries become urbanized, patterns of cancer, particularly those most strongly associated with diet and physical activity, tend to shift towards the patterns of economically developed countries. Cancer rates also change as populations move between countries and adopt different dietary patterns. The relative importance of cancers as a cause of death is increasing. The incidence of lung cancer and cancers of the colon and breast generally increases in parallel with economic development, as stomach cancer declines. Cancer is also strongly associated with social and economic status. Cancer risk factors are highest in groups with the least education. In addition, patients in the lower socioeconomic classes have consistently poorer survival rates than those in higher social class. In recent years, substantial evidence has pointed to the link from overweight and obesity, to many types of cancer such as breast and kidney. (4) {{U}}The composition of the diet is also important since fruit and vegetables may have a protective effect by decreasing the risk for some cancer types such as oral and gastric cancer.{{/U}} Regular physical activity has also been seen to have a protective effect in reducing the risk of breast cancer. High intake of preserved meat or red meat might be associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. Another aspect of diet clearly related to cancer risk is the high consumption of alcoholic beverages, which convincingly increase the risk of oral cavity, liver and breast cancers. The wealth of knowledge that already exists about cancer risk factors provides obvious and ample scope for action to reduce the cancer burden of all countries. After tobacco, overweight and obesity seems to be the most important avoidable cause of cancer. (5) {{U}}Given that poor nutrition, physical inactivity, obesity, tobacco and alcohol are risk factors common to other chronic diseases such as CVD, type 2 diabetes, and respiratory diseases, conducting a cancer prevention program within the context of an integrated chronic disease prevention program would be an effective national strategy.{{/U}}

问答题Analyze the morphemic structure of the English words gentlemanliness and unlockable, using a labeled tree diagram to illustrate the morphemic structure of the word under analysis (南开大学2011年研)(1) gentlemanliness (2) unlockable

问答题Title: How Should College Students Relieve Pressure

问答题What are the principal differences between sentence meaning and speaker meaning?

问答题Buddhist scriptures

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (46) {{U}}The determination of the sources of copper ore used in the manufacture of copper and bronze artifacts of Bronze Age civilizations would add greatly to our knowledge of cultural contacts and trade in that era when preliminary industry was on the horizon.{{/U}} Researchers have analyzed artifacts and ores for their concentrations of elements, but for a variety of reasons, these studies have generally failed to provide evidence of the sources of the copper used in the objects. Elemental composition can vary within the same copper-ore lode, usually because of varying admixtures of other elements, especially iron, lead, zinc, and arsenic. And high concentrations of cobalt or zinc noticed in some artifacts, appear in a variety of copper-ore sources. Moreover, the processing of ores introduced poorly controlled changes in the concentrations of minor and trace elements in the resulting metal. Some elements evaporate during smelting and roasting; different temperatures and processes produce different degrees of loss. (47) {{U}}Finally, flux, which is sometimes added during smelting to remove waste material from the ore, could add to the final product quantities of elements that are mixed together with copper.{{/U}} An elemental property that is unchanged through these chemical processes is the isotopic composition of each metallic element in the ore. Isotopic composition, the percentages of the different isotopes of an element in a given sample of the element, is therefore particularly suitable as an indicator of the sources of the ore. (48) {{U}}Of course, for this purpose it is necessary to find an element whose elemental composition is more or less constant throughout a given ore body, but varies from one copper ore body to another or, at least, from one geographic region to another.{{/U}} The ideal choice, when isotopic composition is used to investigate the source of copper ore, would seem to be copper itself. It has been shown that small but measurable variations occur naturally in the isotopic composition of copper. However, the variations are large enough only in rare ores; between samples of the common ore minerals of copper, isotopic variations greater than the measurement error have not been found. (49) {{U}}An alternative choice is lead, which occurs in most copper and bronze artifacts of the Bronze Age in amounts consistent with the lead being derived from the copper ores and possibly from the fluxes. {{/U}}The isotopic composition of lead often varies from one source of common copper ore to another, with variations exceeding the measurement error; and preliminary studies indicate virtually uniform is topic composition of the lead from a single copper-ore source. (50) {{U}}While some of the lead found in an artifact may have been introduced from flux or when other metals were added to the copper ore, lead so added in Bronze Age processing would usually have the same composition as the lead found in the copper ore.{{/U}} Lead isotope studies may thus prove useful for interpreting the archaeological record of the Bronze Age.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Professor Wang, your senior middle school English teacher, has been teaching for exactly thirty years. Your former classmates are going to hold a party to celebrate this special occasion. You cannot attend the party for a certain reason. So you are going to write a letter to Professor Wang to express your congratulations as well as your apology for failing to show up in the party. Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use" Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Honest is the best policy. 2. Give examples to support your point of view. 3. Conclusion.

问答题Directions: Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend, Jack, wrote an e-mail to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation. Write him a reply to 1) thank him, and 2) give your advice. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题先进技术应该有益于人民，而不是伤害他们。

问答题Because of their wealth and power, they could see to it that governments passed laws favorable to them.

问答题厦门航空公司肩负着中国民航事业发展的责任和使命，以改革创新为动力，以服务社会为己任，致力于打造公众最信赖，为社会提供最佳服务的航空公司，秉持“安全第一”的原则，真心诚意地对待顾客；厦航坚持以前瞻性的战略思维，精细化的科学管理手段，忠实履行职责的严谨工作作风，实现了职工、股东、顾客和社会满意的和谐共赢局面。无论外界环境如何变化，坚定不移地走可持续发展道路一直是厦航人不二的选择。厦航人相信，荣誉只是对昨天的纪念，而明天才是追求的目标。

问答题矿产资源

问答题把大部分时间用在学习上的学生最有可能通过所有考试。 2．由于科学进步，几十年前看起来不可能的事已变成现实。 3．事实使我们得出的结论是诚实和无私一样重要。 4．大学毕业两年后，她决定考研以更新自己的知识。 5．人口的增加使地球必须生产更多的粮食。

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160—200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethecartoonbriefly,2)interpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythecartoon,and3)giveyourpointofview.YoushouldwriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Ph. D candidate