单选题 How Women Are Reshaping the Defense Industry The defense industry is facing unprecedented challenges, with the help of a new group of women leaders. A. Women currently hold a little over four percent of the Fortune 500 CEO positions. However, in the defense industry, women are at the helm of 50 percent of the largest firms. Although women are hardly new to the industry, they are moving rapidly into the top jobs, and in the process melting away the defense industry's male-dominated image. B. As the vice chairman of the House Defense Appropriations subcommittee, a subcommittee I have served on for eight years, and the chairman of the State and Foreign Operations Appropriations subcommittee, which I have been at the helm of for the last six years, I have witnessed the transition, and seen the challenges, firsthand as more women serve as leaders within the defense community. C. The defense industry is facing unprecedented challenges. Yet, with the help of a new group of women leaders, solutions to the defense industry's challenges are being advanced, and in the process the future of our national security is being shaped and secured. D. For years, Della Williams, a constituent of mine, was one of just a handful of women defense industry executives. She started the company Williams R.D.M., formerly known as Williams Pyro, in 1963. Williams R.D.M is a defense contracting firm with more than 100 employees. While she has overseen tremendous growth of her company, establishing a positive name for her business did not prove to be an obstacle-free endeavor for Williams. She founded her company at a time when women's roles in the workforce were only beginning to change, and she dealt with her share of gender-related challenges early on. E. Back then, and even today, women in the workforce often feel they are not listened to. Instead of letting this serve as an obstacle, women have turned it into a strength by becoming better listeners themselves and in the process stronger leaders. This trait becomes very important when you have management-union issues, for instance. It also leads to more win—win decisions and less ego driven results. F. Fifty years ago, most engineers were men, and when they picked up the phone to call Williams Pyro, they expected to speak with a male counterpart on the other end. When they heard Della Williams' voice on the line, many of them were skeptical of whether she could help them. To the skeptics, Williams would say, 'Try me.' If she couldn't help them, they were no worse off than before they called—but that was rarely the case. G. Like most executives, earning a good reputation and rapport with customers and other industry leaders didn't come without Williams spending a lot of time at work. Unfortunately for her, as a woman, the idea of balancing work and family would inevitably come up. She felt a duty to her employees, their families and her customers, so there were many nights when Williams remained at work instead of going home. She was so devoted to the success of Williams Pyro that she even returned to work four days after having her third child during the full-scale development of Lockheed Martin's F-16. H. Similarly to Williams, Marillyn Hewson, who now serves as the chief executive officer of Lockheed Martin, has shown herself to be an exceptional leader in the industry. Her employment at Lockheed began in the early 1980s, and she has since served in 18 different leadership positions. She claims she climbed the ladder at Lockheed because of her self-reliance, which she learned from her family growing up. Her father died when she was nine, and her mother was left to raise five children as a single mother. This tragedy taught her not only self-reliance, but to be responsible for her own personal successes or failures. I. In November 2012, Hewson became Lockheed's CEO because the corporate leadership and the board of directors recognized her talent, and because she was known for never holding back when given an opportunity. J. When she took over the top job, the Joint Strike Fighter program was uncertain, and even the smallest mistakes made were amplified by the media. The Joint Strike Fighter is unique in the world, but has had continuing problems with the Pentagon. There was a real lack of partnering that changed almost immediately when Marilyn took over. The conversation changed as did the attitude. Decisions were made that had been delayed for months. K. Women tend to be problem solvers by nature. In many cases, that trait becomes more important than having a particular title, their name on the door or the highest salary, but this can also work to their detriment and make it take longer to reach the top. L. To combat problems with the Joint Strike Fighter program, Hewson appointed Lorraine Martin as the program's general manager in April 2013. As a result of Hewson and Martin's work, criticism of the program has been significantly reduced. These women achieved this outcome by bringing authenticity to the table and rebuilding the program's credibility. Rather than tucking away the company's previous errors, they acknowledged them. They supported contract incentives that now hold Lockheed accountable and pushed the company to make the aircraft for less money. M. At General Dynamics, Phebe Novakovic earned a similar reputation for authenticity within her first weeks as CEO. When the company's $ 2 billion loss first hit the news on January 23, 2013, General Dynamics' stock price fell by more than five percent within a span of a few hours. Rather than whitewashing the situation, Novakovic spoke candidly about the problems at hand and emphasized measures that were going to be taken to fix them. Her honesty caught the attention of Wall Street, and it responded. By the end of the day, General Dynamics' stock rose 50 cents higher than the previous day. N. Through using their instincts of honesty and authenticity, these women made it to the top of their industry—even when they were sometimes the only women in the room. Linda Hudson, CEO of B.A.E., also understands the feeling of being alone in a room full of men. As the first female CEO of a major defense company, she has played a critical role in changing a culture that has traditionally been closed to women. Although the market was starting to sour when Hudson took over at B.A.E. in October 2009, Hudson successfully reversed the negative opinions that were out there. She streamlined the company, better integrated the two dozen businesses that B.A.E. had cobbled together through acquisitions, and cut costs as the market demanded. O. Hudson, Williams, Hewson, Novakovic and other women leaders in the defense industry are meeting and exceeding demands for better management during this time of fiscal restraint. They are proving that one's gender doesn't matter. What matters is what you do with the opportunities given to you. In the process, they are shaping the world.

单选题 When it comes to the environment, aviation has a rather dirty reputation. The industry produced 689 million tons of CO2 in 2012, according to Air Transport Action Group and this number is sure to grow as global demand for flight continues to skyrocket. 'Aviation will double in size worldwide in the next two decades, and if we're not able to provide a sustainable means to fly, we will create a ceiling for growth in the industry,' says Ignaas Caryn, director of innovation at KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. As a result, it looks like the aviation industry being ready to green up its game. In January, Boeing announced a new initiative to build a biofuel supply chain in the United Arab Emirates, as well as research it's conducting into biofuels made from salt water-consuming desert plants. To name just a few partnerships, the airplane manufacturer teamed with Virgin Australia Airlines is to produce sustainable aviation fuels from special trees in Australia. Airbus has also joined other aerospace companies in launching the ITAKA initiative, a collaborative project funded by the European Union to produce and test the use of sustainable jet fuel. Frederic Eychenne, Airbus' head of new energies, notes that no single crop will do the job for biofuels, and that to achieve true sustainability, biofuel—like food—is best when it's locally-sourced. 'Different countries grow different crops. They have different refineries in place. Sustainability isn't just about reducing emissions in the air. We have to consider the whole life-cycle in terms of production,' he notes. The main barrier to use biofuel on a larger scale, says Caryn, is the price. 'Today, bio jet fuel is still three to four times more expensive than fossil fuel, because there's no continuous production. There's a demonstrated hole in the value chain,' he notes. To solve the problem, in 2010 KLM became a joint founder of SkyNRG—a major supplier of eco-efficient jet fuel. 'We believed the development of bio jet fuel was important, and that we couldn't keep it within the boundaries of KLM, so we decided to come up with a new company. In the last five years, SkyNRG have supplied approximately 25 airlines,' he says. SkyNRG is also working with airlines and airports around the world to create bioports—or supply chains of sustainable jet fuel—in a bid to ultimately bring down the price. 'With an increase volume, we could see price parity within the next ten years,' says Caryn.

单选题He's ______ his children to my care for a day.

单选题The parents were much kinder to their youngest child than they were to the others, ______, of course, made the others jealous.

单选题 Tom is_________than George， but John is theof the three.

单选题This song is very ____ with young people.

单选题What will continue to be ______ it is today--next in importance to oxygen?

单选题The popularity of these schools is growing steadily their high tuition fees.

单选题The English language contains a (an) ______ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.

单选题Anxiety is believed to ______ diabetes by raising levels of the stress hormone cortisol which regulates insulin and blood-sugar levels. A. impede B. exacerbate C. inherit D. facilitate

单选题The manager needs an assistant who he can ______ to take care of problems in his absence.

单选题English and computer______two useful tools in preparing for one's career, we should do our best to have a good command of them.

单选题 The Health Benefits of Drinking Water —Is Bottled Drinking Water Healthier Than Filtered Tap Water? A. Water is a key ingredient in a healthy diet and lifestyle. There are many health benefits of drinking water. It helps flush impurities and toxins out of our systems. It aids in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients. In fact, nearly every system in our bodies relies on water for proper functioning. But what will happen if the water you drink is unhealthy? B. In past decades, concerns about tap water and its impact on overall health led some people to turn to bottled drinking water instead. However, in those days, there were few choices of bottled waters. You could pay to have a company deliver large bulky plastic bottles of water for the water cooler. Or you could purchase gallon jugs of distilled or 'drinking water' at the grocery store. C. In recent years, there has been an explosion in the number of different bottled waters available, with big distributors such as Coke and Pepsi jumping on the bandwagon. But are bottled drinking waters like Coke's Dasani brand, Pepsi's Aquafina, or Wal-Mart's store brand really any healthier than your tap water? Or would you be better off with a drinking water filtration system? D. As we have learned more about the water we drink, the technology behind drinking water filters and purification systems has improved dramatically. There are filters to remove impurities, chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria and most every contaminant you can think of. With the fight size and filter combination for your specific home, your water can be exceptionally pure and healthy. Cost Comparison E. Drinking water filtration systems have also become more affordable and easy to use. Although the initial cost of a whole house system usually amounts to several hundred dollars, that cost is often less than $100 each year if spread out over the life of the system. There may be additional expenses to replace carbon filters, membranes in reverse osmosis drinking water filtration system, or lamps in an ultraviolet light water treatment device. These expenses can add another $100 or so to the annual costs of operating drinking water filters and purification systems. F. While some people may hesitate to spend so much each year for clean, safe drinking water, they are probably paying more for bottled drinking water. Calculations show that at a price of $1 to $4 per gallon, bottled or delivered water costs an average of $400 each year, especially if you purchase individual bottles. And that doesn't take into consideration the gas needed to drive to the store or the environmental impact of all the empty plastic bottles. Health Aspects G. Many people who choose bottled drinking water understand that it is more expensive, but they are still willing to pay the extra money because bottled water is thought to be safer and healthier than filtered drinking water. After all, bottled water is often marketed as 'natural spring water' or 'pure glacier water.' H. In reality, few bottled waters come from natural springs, and most of them use municipal tap water. The companies are able to get away with this false marketing because the regulations and standards for bottle drinking water are less stringent than those for residential drinking sources. I. The quality of bottled water is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), while drinking water systems are typically regulated by State regulations or the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This doesn't mean that the FDA isn't doing their job. It's just that the rules for bottled water only require it to be as good as tap water, not better. J. In addition, the FDA regulations only apply to bottled drinking water that is transported across state lines. If a company sells their bottled drinking water in the same state where it was bottled, the federal regulations don't apply. The result is that many bottled waters are not any healthier than filtered water, and in fact some are less pure. K. This was demonstrated in a study which was conducted in 1999 by the Natural Resources Defense Council. They tested over 100 brands of bottled drinking water and found that about one third of the waters contained contamination in the form of chemicals, bacteria, and arsenic. The study also found that up to forty percent of bottled drinking waters come from a city water system. How to Tell if Your Water Is Healthy L. So how do you tell if the water you are drinking is healthy? With tap water, it is relatively easy. If you water comes from a municipal source, the suppliers are required by law to provide annual water quality reports. If you have a well, you can have an authorized lab test your water. It may cost $100 or more, but it's a small price to pay for peace of mind. Or you can purchase a kit and test it yourself, but naturally the results may not be as conclusive or reliable as those produced by authorized labs. M. When it comes to bottled drinking water, it can be more difficult to know what you are getting. Start by checking the label or the bottle cap. Some may tell you that the water comes from a municipal source or 'community water system', which means tap water. N. If the label doesn't give any information, you can call the bottler and ask. But don't be surprised if you get the run around and are transferred to several different departments. Some states have a bottled water program that tracks bottled drinking water and can tell you the origin of the source water as well as other information. O. Safe and healthy drinking water has become big business. Thousands of companies are vying for your hard earned cash, and some are not always honest about what their products offer. The initial investment for a home drinking water filtration system can seem expensive at first, but over time, it is usually less expensive than bottled drinking water. And with a water filter, you at least know where the water you drink came from and how it was treated. P. Before going out and spending your hard earned money for bottled drinking water that may, be no better than your own tap water, it is obviously a good idea to do some research. You are likely to decide that a drinking water filtration system and/or purifier is the healthier choice and provides the best value as well.

单选题I was reading Shirley Hazzard''s novel The Transit of Venus. Though I 【1】 her other books, I had always resisted this one. It 【2】 me as too pure somehow, too heroic, larger or finer than life and therefore unreal. But now I read it with an almost 【3】 pleasure. There were sentences that 【4】 of gratification to my eyes and 【5】 the hairs on the nape of my neck. I was in a Boston hospital, propped tip in bed with a feeding tube in my arm after 【6】 surgery for cancer. It was 【7】 double room and my roommate, who 【8】 when he spoke because he had both a broken chin and a drug habit was spraying the air for the fourth or fifth time that day with 【9】 . He had a television set and a radio going 【10】 . The diagnosis of my case was ambiguous. When I asked the doctor the usual question—How much time have I got?—he hesitated before answering. "I would say," he said, "that you have in the neighborhood of years."

单选题Researchers at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh announced they had discovered ______ evidence that a virus is involved in what used to be called juvenile diabetes.

单选题Most engineers were ______ about the effectiveness of the new model of word-processors.

单选题 The local newspaper has a ______ of 10,000 copies a day.

单选题Hangzhou is really a beautiful city

单选题The main thought of this passage is that anger ______.