填空题 Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Everybody uses the expression a.m. and p.m. to indicate before noon and after noon. But do you know (1)（ ） what they mean, and how these terms (2)（ ） into beings? (3)（ ） you know, the turning of the earth makes the sun and the stars seem to move (4)（ ） the sky. Daylight, of course, begins when the sun rises in the east and ends when it (5)（ ） in the west. When the sun is high in the sky, between these two (6)（ ）, half of the daylight hours have been spent. (7)（ ）, by noticing where the sun stood in the sky, early (8)（ ） knew he could tell the time of day. At night, the motion of the stars (9)（ ） the same purpose. The important thing (10)（ ） keeping time is to know the exact moment of noon. For each of us, (11)（ ） we are, noon is when the sun is (12)（ ） overhead. Think of an (13)（ ） line, a meridian, drawn across the sky, (14)（ ） from the north point of your horizon (15)（ ） to the south point. When the sun (16)（ ） your meridian, it is noon for you. While the sun is still (17)（ ） of this line or meridian, it is morning. After the sun has crossed this meridian, it is (18)（ ）. The Latin word for "midday" is "meridies", from which comes our word meridian. (19)（ ） a.m. is an abbreviation for ante meridian, or before midday, and p.m. is the abbreviation for post meridian, or after midday. Each of the world's time zones is about fifteen degrees (20)（ ） in longitude, which is about the distance the sun moves through the sky in an hour. Everyone who lives in the same time zone observes noon at the same moment. 1.A、actuallyB、basicallyC、exactlyD、certainly 2.A、comeB、have comeC、cameD、had come 3.A、AsB、IfC、SinceD、Although 4.A、underB、towardsC、throughD、across 5.A、fallsB、dropsC、setsD、collapses 6.A、spotsB、positionsC、levelsD、posts 7.A、HoweverB、ThereforeC、FurthermoreD、Frequently 8.A、manB、womanC、personD、child 9.A、performedB、actedC、functionedD、served 10.A、atB、toC、inD、of 11.A、wheneverB、whereverC、whoeverD、whatever 12.A、nearlyB、directlyC、obviouslyD、especially 13.A、imaginingB、imaginableC、imaginativeD、imaginary 14.A、that stretchesB、to be stretchedC、stretchingD、being stretched 15.A、downB、upC、alongD、through 16.A、crossedB、will crossC、has crossD、crosses 17.A、southB、eastC、northD、west 18.A、nightB、eveningC、noonD、afternoon 19.A、SoB、FinallyC、LikewiseD、Yet 20.A、wideB、longC、deepD、high

填空题It is in his spare time when Robert teaches himself English and Japanese.

填空题 Close Some historian say that the most important contribution of Dwight Eisenhower’s presidency (总统任期) in the 1950s was the U.S. interstate highway system.It was a __62__ project, easily surpassing the scale of such previous human __63__ as the Panama Canal. Eisenhower’s interstate highways __64__ the nation together in new ways and __65__ major economic growth by making commerce less __66__. Today, an information superhighway has been built—an electronic network that __67__ libraries, corporations, government agencies and __68__. This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, __69__ it is the backbone (主干) of the World Wide Web. The Internet had its __70__ in a 1969 U.S. Defense Department computer network called ARPAnet, which __71__ Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to __72__ information. In 1983 the National Science Foundation (NSF), __73__ mission is to promote science, took over. This new NSF network __74__ more and more institutional users, may of __75__ had their owm internal networks. For example, most universities that __76__ the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. The NSF network __77__ became a connector for thousands of other networks. __78__ a backbone system that interconnects networks, internet was a name that fit. So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure (基础设施) on which web __79__ move. It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded __80__ research network. Today, the Internet is a user-financed system tying intuitions of many sorts together __81__ an “information superhighway.” 62. A．concise C．massive B．radical D．trivial 63. A．behaviors C．inventions B．endeavors D．elements 64. A．packed C．suppressed B．stuck D．bound 65. A．facilitated C．mobilized B．modified D．terminated 66. A．competitive C．exclusive B．comparative D．expensive 67. A．merges C．relays B．connects D．unifies 68. A．figures C．individuals B．personalities D．humans 69. A．and C．or B．yet D．while 70. A．samples C．origins B．sources D．precedents 71. A．stood by C．stood against B．stood for D．stood over 72. A．exchange C．switch B．bypass D．interact 73. A．their C．when B．that D．whose 74. A．expanded C．attracted B．contracted D．extended 75. A．what C．these B．which D．them 76. A．joined C．participated B．attached D．involved 77. A．moreover C．likewise B．however D．then 78. A．With C．In B．By D．As 79. A．contexts C．messages B．signs D．leaflets 80. A．citizen C．amateur B．civilian D．resident 81. A．into C．over B．amid D．toward Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

填空题The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the latter. 41)______Animals have a few cries that serve as signals, but even the highest apes have not been found able to pronounce words, even with the most intensive professional instruction. The superior brain of man is apparently a necessity for the mastering of speech. When man became sufficiently intelligent, we must suppose that he gradually increased the number of cries for different purposes. It was a great day when he discovered that speech could be used for narrative. There are those who think that in this respect picture language preceded oral language. A man could draw a picture on the wall of his cave to show in which direction he had gone, or what prey he hoped to catch. 42)______ Two important stages came not so long before the dawn of written history. The first was the domestication of animals; the second was agriculture. Agriculture made possible an immense increase in the number of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practiced. 43)______ 44)______ These inventions and discoveries—fire, speech, weapons domestic animals, agriculture, and writing made the existence of civilized communities possible. From about 3000 B. C. until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution less than two hundred years ago there was no technical advance comparable to these. During this long period man had time to become accustomed to his technique, and to develop the beliefs and political organizations appropriate to it. There was, of course, an immense extension in the area of civilized life. At first it had been confined to the Nile, the Euphrates, the Tigris, and the Indus, but at the end of the period in question it covered much the greatest part of the inhabitable globe. I do not mean to suggest that there was no technical progress during the time. 45)______A. Probably picture language and oral language developed side by side. I am inclined to think that language has been the most important single factor in the development of man.B. Another fundamental technical advance was writing, which, like spoken language, developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage, it was possible to keep records and transmit information to people who were not present when the information was given.C. With the development of civilization, primitive people who lived in caves at that time badly needed a language, which would help them to communicate with one another.D. The origin of language is also obscure. No doubt it began very gradually.E. In fact, there was progress--there were even two inventions of very great importance, namely, gunpowder and the mariner's compass--but neither of these can be compared in their revolutionary power to such things as speech and writing and agriculture.F. These were, at first, only those in which nature fertilized the soil after each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance from the pastoral nomads, but the agricultural way of life prevailed in the end because of the physical comforts it provided.G. But industry was a step in human progress to which subsequently there was nothing comparable until our own machine ag

填空题To win the game, that we practise everyday is a must .

填空题The IPA chart has been revised and corrected several times and is widely used in dictionaries and textbooks throughout the world. The latest version was revised in 1993 and updated in 1996 and______.

填空题In many societies of the world, we find a large number of people who speak more than one language. As a characteristic of societies, ______inevitably results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.

填空题Author____Title____ Not one of all the purple host Who took the flag today? Can tell the definition, So clearly, of victory.

填空题 Canadians like to think that although they are the junior partner in their trade relations with the United States, the 174 billion barrels of proven reserves in the oil sands of Alberta provide a powerful ace up their sleeve in any dealings with their energy-hungry neighbor. That belief has now been shaken by an American law that appears to prohibit American government agencies from buying crude produced in the oil sands of the western province. 41. ______. But that is the effect of banning federal agencies from buying alternative or synthetic fuel, including that from non-conventional sources, if their production and use result in more greenhouse gases than conventional oil. Transforming Alberta’s tarry muck into a barrel of oil is an energy-intensive process that produces about three times the emissions of a barrel of conventional light sweet crude. Having woken belatedly to the danger, the Canadian government is now scrambling to secure an exception. Michael Wilson, Canada’s ambassador in Washington, has written to America’s secretary of defense, Robert Gates (whose department is a big purchaser of Canadian oil), stressing American dependence on Canadian oil, electricity, natural gas and uranium imports, and noting that some of the biggest players in the Alberta oil patch are American companies. Mr. Wilson added plaintively that both George Bush and his energy secretary, Samuel Bodman, have publicly welcomed expanded oil-sands production, given the increased contribution to American energy security. 42. ______. The fear in Canada is that the American purchasing restriction, which at present applies only to federal agencies, is the start of a wholesale shift to greener as well as more protectionist policies under a Congress and potentially a White House controlled by the Democrats. 43. ______. Yet environmentalists point out that Canada is now paying for its own foot-dragging at the federal level on green initiatives. Having signed the Kyoto agreement under a previous Liberal government, Canada did little to stop its emissions rising. They are now almost 35% above the Kyoto target. And although Mr. Baird likes to describe his plan as tough, it will not bring Canada into line with Kyoto. 44. ______. The vagueness of the proposed federal rules did not stop the premier of Alberta, Ed Stelmach, from giving a defiant warning that he will stand up for the interests of Albertans (read oil industry) and will be examining the constitution to ensure that the federal government’s proposed plan does not intrude on provincial jurisdiction. His province has one of the weakest environmental regimes in Canada. 45. ______. But even if a deal is reached with the outgoing Bush administration, any exception for Canada may be short-lived if greening Democrats take the White House in November. [A] Since 1999, Canada has been the largest supplier of U. S. crude and refined oil imports. In 2007, Canadian crude oil and petroleum products represented 18% of U. S. crude oil imports, at nearly 2.5 million barrels per day. From 2005 to 2007, the volume of Canadian crude oil exports to the United States increased by 7.4% per year. [B] John Baird, the Canadian environment minister, referred this week to the American move when he unveiled new proposals to reduce industrial emissions in Canada, including the oil sands, by 20% by 2020. Big states like California were making similar pronouncements, he told reporters. The oil sands were an important national resource, but had to be expanded in an environmentally friendly way. [C] As Canada’s representative in Washington, Mr. Wilson is the point man on Canada’s lobbying efforts either to kill the Buy American clause, or to get a special exemption for Canada. [D] The Energy Independence and Security Act 2007 did not set out to discriminate against Canada, America’s biggest supplier of oil. [E] With energy exports, mainly from Alberta, driving the Canadian economy, this is not a happy thought for Canadians. [F] Although the Canadian embassy says that there has been no official response to Mr. Wilson’s letter, there are reports of talks going on in Washington aimed at addressing Canada’s concerns. [G]The rules for the oil sands, now the fastest growing source of greenhouse gases, have yet to be finalized and will not come into force until 2010. Furthermore, they rely on carbon capture, a promising but unproven technology.

填空题opponent, opposition, orderly, orthodox This writer is courageous enough to challenge many of the established____.

填空题Translate From Chinese to English．(中国传媒大学2012研，考试科目：基础英语) 社会主义与民主、法制不是相悖离的。民主、法制、自由、人权、平等、博爱等等，这不是资本主义所特有的，这是全世界在漫长的历史过程中共同形成的文明成果，也是人类共同追求的价值观。世界上有2，000多个民族，200多个国家和地区，他们的社会历史文化不同，他们的发展水平不同，实现民主的形式和途径也是不相同的。这种文化的多样性是不以人们的意志为转移的。 社会主义民主归根结底是让人民当家作主，这就需要保障人民的民主选举、民主决策、民主管理和民主监督的权利；就是要创造一种条件，让人民监督和批评政府；就是要在平等、公正和自由的环境下，让每一个人都得到全面的发展；就是要充分发挥人的创造精神和独立思维的能力；就是要实行依法治国，完善法制，建设法治国家。 我们的社会主义建设，包括社会主义民主政治建设，经验都还不足。我们愿意实行开放政策，学习世界上一切先进的文明成果，结合我们自己的实际，走中国式的民主道路。社会主义由不成熟到成熟、由不完善到完善、由不发达到比较发达，还需要一个很长的过程。

填空题"By______is meant the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization. "

填空题At no time and under no circumstances China will be the first to use nuclear weapons. A. At B. China will C. the first D. to use

填空题How awful it would be to be a celebrity, always in the public eyes, Celebrities lead very. stressful lives, no matter (51) glamorous or powerful they are, they have too little privacy, too (52) pressure, and no safety. (53) . one thing, celebrities don't have the privacy an ordinary person has. The most personal details of their lives are splashed all over the front pages of newspapers and magazines. (54) a celebrity's family is hauled into the spotlight. Photographers hound celebrities at their homes, in restaurants, and (55) the streets, hoping to get a picture of their idols. When celebrities try to do the things that normal people do, like eat (56) or attend a football game, they (57) the risk of being interrupted by thoughtless autograph hounds or mobbed by aggressive fans. (58) addition to the loss of privacy, celebrities must cope (59) the constant pressure of having to look great and act right. Their physical appearance is always (60) observation, Famous women, especially, (61) from the spotlight, drawing remarks like "She really looks old" or "Boy, has she put on weight". Unflattering pictures of celebrities are photographers' prizes to be sold to the highest bidder; this increases the pressure on celebrities to look good (62) all times. Famous people are also under pressure to act calm under any (63) . Because they are constantly observed, they have (64) freedom to blow off steam or to do something just a little crazy. Most important, celebrities must deal with the stress of being in constant danger. The friendly grabs, hugs, and kisses of enthusiastic fans can quickly turn into uncontrolled assaults on a celebrity's hair, clothes, and car. Most people agree that photographers (65) some responsibility for the death of one of the leading celebrities of the 1990s—Princess Diana. (66) or not their pursuit caused the crash that took her life, it % clear she was chased as aggressively as any escaped convict (67) bloodhounds. And celebrity can even lead to deliberately lethal attacks. The attempt to kill Ronald Reagan and the murder of John Lennon came about because 2 unbalanced people became obsessed with these world-famous figures. Famous people must live with the fact that they are always fair game—and never (68) out of season, Some people (69) of starring roles, their names in lights, and their picture on the cover of People magazine. But the cost is far too high. A famous person gives up private life, feels pressured to look and act certain ways all the time, and is never completely safe. And ordinary, calm life is far safer and saner (70) a life of fame.

填空题Unlike Americans who seem to prefer coffee, the English drinks a great deal of tea. A. Unlike B. to prefer C. drinks D. a great deal