填空题中国政府在台湾问题上的立场是一贯的，即坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的基本方针。为此，我们尽了一切努力，显示了最大的诚意，做了许多工作。但是，我们的努力受到了来自台湾当局“台独”势力的挑衅。我们尊重台湾人民的民主要求，但我们反对台湾当局和“台独”势力假借民主之名搞“台独”活动，把台湾从祖国分割出去。我们之所以清楚地表明我们维护祖国统一的决心与意志，就是要维护台海地区的和平与稳定。我们已表示，只要有一线希望，就会尽最大努力以和平方式实现祖国的统一。

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.[A]Asascience,managemententailstheuseoforganizedknowledge.Manyofthethingsmanagersdoarearesultofinformationobtainedthroughformalresearchandstudy.Oneareainwhichagreatdealhasbeendoneisquantitativedecisionmakingor,asitisknowntoday,managementscience.Weknowthatbyusingcertainmathematicalformulaswecancontrolinventoryandprojectdemandmoreaccuratelythanbymerelyusingtrialanderror.[B]Managementistheprocessofgettingthingsdonethroughpeople.Weknowthatpartofthisprocessiscarriedoutwiththedevelopmentofanorganizationstructure.[C]Yetmanagementisalsoanart.Throughexperiencethemanagerdevelopsjudgmentandintuition,subjectivefactorsthatareusefulinevaluationsituations.Forexample,themanagermayhavetochoosebetweentwostrategies,AandB,Allresearchandstudymayindicatethatneitherofthetwoisanybetterthantheother.[D]Effectivemanagementisacombinationofartandscience.Neithershouldbeignored;neitheroughttobereliedonexclusively.Ingettingthingsdonethroughpeople,managementmustseektherightblendofartandscience.Attheupperlevelsofthehierarchytherewillbemoreemphasisontheformer;atthelowerlevelstherewillbemoreemphasisonthelatter.[E]Howdomanagerssucceedingettingthingsdonethroughpeople?Inordertoanswerthisquestionitisnecessarytobreakdownthemanager'sjobintoitsbasicdutiesorfunctions.Managemententailsplanning,organizing,directing,andcontrolling.Byperformingwebineachoftheseareasthemanagercangetthingsdonethroughpeople.[F]However,whatifthemanagerchoosesstrategyAonthebasisofintuitionandprovestoberight?Inthiscaseitisdifficulttosaypreciselywhythemanagerwasabletochoosesowell,buttheremustbesomespecialabilityheorshehas.Thissametypeofabilityisusefulinmanagingpeople.Effectivemanagersknowwhentoflattertheirsubordinatesandwhentobestern.Suchhumanbehaviorskillscannotbequantified;theycanonlybelearnedthroughexperienceandtraining.[G]However,thereismoretomanagementthanjustorganizingthepeopleandthework.Objectivesmustbeset,plansformulated,peopledirected,andoperationscontrolled.Inmakingthenecessarydecisions,managementmustrelyonalltheskillsatitscommand.Asaresult,managementisbothascienceandanart.

填空题The world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope? Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a "world assembly on ageing" back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled "Averting the Old Age Crisis", it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable. For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare. Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades. The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP"s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers. Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers" choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey. In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labor force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%. On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labor forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe"s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible. To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, "old" countries would have to rejuvenate themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modem urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child. A. Intergenerational conflicts will intensify. B. need large numbers of immigrants from overseas C. People should be allowed to work longer. D. They find it hard to balance career and family. E. the current pension system in most countries could not be sustained in the long term F. The employers are unwilling to keep older workers G. politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election

填空题The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar "tombstone" that lists where you went to school and where you"ve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the "functional" resume—descriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview. It"s handy to have a "tombstone" for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those unrequested "tombstone" lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead. What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read—a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers. 11 Put yourself first: In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself. 12 Sell what you can do, not who you are: Practice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work. Toot your own horn! Many people clutch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch—if only you show it. 13 Be specific, be concrete, and be brief! Remember that "brevity is the best policy." 14 Turn bad news into good: Everybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side. 15 Never apologize: If you"ve returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph (summary of background) in place of a chronology of experience. Don"t apologize for working at being a mother; it"s the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or higher education, just don"t mention education. How to prepare yourself: The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the job, that made you feel effective. Don"t worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give names to your cluster of accomplishments (leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills etc.) Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before you"ve ready to show it to a stranger (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction. When you"ve satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth doing right. Isn"t that the kind of person you"d want working for you? A. A woman who lost her job as a teacher"s aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote: "Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher"s aide she would rehire if government funds became available." B. One resume I received included the following: "invited by my superior to straighten out our organization"s accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and improved cash flow 100 per cent. Rewarded with raise and promotion." Notice how this woman focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her reward—all in 34 words. C. For example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money management skills. D. An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement "Ready to learn though not so well educated". E. One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote resumes in three different styles in order to find out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background. F. A woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced. She"d agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasn"t in her resume. She answered, "It wasn"t important." What she was really saying of course was "I"m not important."

填空题A. Yes, sir. Your balance is RMB 34,000. B. Certainly, hold on a minute, I'll put you through. C. How much do you draw? D. Not big difference, sir. E. Could you ask him to call me at 212 456-8965. F. Thanks, bye. G. is Bob in? H. but may I ask one more question?

填空题What a (self) ______ boy you are; let the other children share your toys.

填空题Author____Title____ To die to sleep. To sleep perchance to dream: ay, there"s the rub! For in that sleep of death what dreams may come. When we have shuffled off this mortal coil. Must give us pause.

填空题Read the following and translate the underlined part. Can it be translated word for word? Why? " My grandfather taught music for nearly forty years at Springhill College in Mobile and, though much beloved and respected in the community, earned barely enough to provide for his large family. My father often said it was only the hardheaded thriftiness of my grandmother that kept the wolf at bay. "

填空题We had a family ______ where I saw relatives I hadnt seen for 20 years． 我们家人团聚，我见到了已经20年未见的亲戚。

填空题The judge would give ______ (consideration) to his decision when new evidence came to light.

填空题H. P. Grice believes that there is a set of assumptions guiding the conduct of conversation. This is what he calls the Cooperative Principle. According to the maxim of ______: Do not say what you believe to be false or for which you lack evidence. In other words, speak truthfully; do not lie.

填空题Since about 1970, new research helped brains scientists understand these problems better Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities they are caused by many different things. A. Since B. helped C. understand D. disabilities

填空题______(origin) , she was a very shy person.

填空题Work in moderation is agreeable as well as ______ (health)to human beings.

填空题 To understand better the forces that control human aging and longevity, we have tried to determine whether the longer lifespan of females might be part of some grand Darwinian scheme. Gender differences in longevity have been{{U}} (51) {{/U}}in other members of the animal kingdom: in fact, in almost all species that have been observed in the wild, females{{U}} (52) {{/U}}to live longer than males. Female macaques live an{{U}} (53) {{/U}}of eight years longer than males, for example, and female sperm whales outlive their male{{U}} (54) {{/U}}by an average of 30 years. It seems that a species' lifespan is roughly correlated{{U}} (55) {{/U}}the length of time that its young remain{{U}} (56) {{/U}}on adults. We have come to believe that{{U}} (57) {{/U}}a significant, long-term investment of energy is required to ensure the survival of offspring, evolution favors longevity—in{{U}} (58) {{/U}}, female longevity. Indeed, we believe that the necessity for female{{U}} (59) {{/U}}in the human reproductive cycle has{{U}} (60) {{/U}}the length of the human lifespan. We start with the assumption{{U}} (61) {{/U}}the longer a woman lives and the more slowly she ages, the{{U}} (62) {{/U}}offspring she can produce and rear to adulthood. Long-lived women{{U}} (63) {{/U}}have a selective advantage over women who die young. Long-lived men would{{U}} (64) {{/U}}have an evolutionary advantage over their shorter-lived{{U}} (65) {{/U}}.But primary studies suggest that men's{{U}} (66) {{/U}}capacity is actually limited more by their access{{U}} (67) {{/U}}females than by lifespan. Hence, the advantage of longevity for men would{{U}} (68) {{/U}}be nearly as significant as it is for women. And because males historically are not as{{U}} (69) {{/U}}in child care as females, in the not so distant evolutionary past the survival of a man's offspring depended not so{{U}} (70) {{/U}}on how long he lived as on how long the children's mother lived.

填空题Barbie Dolls Flashy clothes, the perfect boyfriend, a Corvette, Ferrari, full size apartment with beautiful furniture and boat. She's the woman who has everything and every year receives more. Since her introduction in 1959, the Barbie doll may be the most influential icon of American culture in the late twentieth century. (1) She attracted little girls because of her adult-like features. Before this, children looked at toys like Yogi Bear, Howdy Doody, and baby dolls for inspiration. With the creation of Barbie, girls now had a new toy to stimulate their imaginations. In the 1950s most women stayed at home, cooking, cleaning and caring for their children; they didn't parade around in tight little skirts and high heels. The Barbie doll represented independence and glamour: she could sing solos in the spotlight one minute and pilot an airplane the next. She was exciting and completely different from the clinging Betsy Westsys and Chatty Cathys that little girls were used to. In Forever Barbie: The Unauthorized Biography of a Real Doll, M. G. Lord tells the story of Barbie's creators. Ruth Handler, the youngest of ten siblings (同胞), worked as a stenographer for Paramount Pictures as a young woman. Her husband Elliott designed light fixtures and studied art. (2) The Handlers began the factory in their garage but quickly expanded until they had hired a hundred workers who made jewelry and decorative items. World War II shortages of labor soon put them out of business. Despite their first failure, the Handlers didn't give up and, in 1945, they joined with Harold Matson, a former worker, and together the three started "Mattel Creations" . Matson's last name along with Elliot's was fused together to form the name Mattel. In 1946, Matson sold out his share. The Handlers were not discouraged, though, because of their strong belief in futuristic materials such as Plexiglas, Lucite and plastic. They continued looking for the perfect item to make their company a success. Little did they know that their persistence would lead them to establish a multi-million company initiated by the revolutionary Barbie doll. Ruth Handler first encountered the model for Barbie in 1955 while vacationing in Switzerland with her family. The Lilli doll, a comic character from Germany, was usually found in tobacco stores as a three dimensional (三维的) pinup (挂在墙上的照片，玩偶等). Ruth brought back two dolls, one for her daughter Barbara, and one for herself. (3) Handler recalls: "Through their play Barbara imagined their lives as adults. They used the dolls to reflect the adult world around them. They would sit and carry on conversations, making the dolls real people. I thought if only we could take this play pattern and three dimensionalize it, we would have something very special. " Barbie debuted at the American Toy Fair in New York City in the winter of 1959. But in her unseasonable black-and-white striped swimsuit, the doll did not impress toy buyers. Even Sears, Mattel's biggest customer, refused to put the sexy doll on their shelves. Lord says it was Mattel's advertising strategy aimed at the children that finally paved the way for Barbie's success. The 1950s was a big decade for child culture. Disneyland had opened in July of 1955, and Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse Club television series was a hit for children under the age of 12. Manufacturers and retailers had aimed toy advertising at parents in the past with the focus during Christmas season. But once children actually saw toys advertised on television, toys became a big business. Television advertisements with the child-as-a-consumer revolutionized the toy industry in the twentieth century. Barbie was a fantasy. In a border city it was rare to encounter a white, blue-eyed person. "Maybe that's why I was so attracted to her." Most little girls couldn't wait to get their hands on Barbie because they had never encountered a doll with such an enormous wardrobe. Angela Loya, an engineer and Barbie collector from Houston, idolized Barbie because of her independence. She said in an interview, "Barbie was designed for women by women. It taught us what was expected from us by society. She had it all.., the clothes, the boyfriend and whatever career she wanted. She was the symbol of post-war female independence. " (4) Lord quotes Ruth Handler as saying, "Pregnancy(怀孕) would never be part of Barbie's physique, because Barbie would not compromise her freedom. Just as she did not depend on parents, she would not have offspring dependent on her. " Barbie's sexy image also raised questions among both children and parents. Many parents still did not talk about sex to their children and naked baby dolls usually did not spark great interest. Barbie dolls changed this. Some 700 million Barbie dolls have been sold since 1959 in over 140 countries. Yearly sales exceeded the $1 billion mark in 1995. Retail experts estimate that the typical American girl owns an average of eight Barbie dolls. And the doll has her own Hall of Fame in Palo Alto, California, where a collection of over 20, 000 Barbies awaits visitors. (5) A child's imagination can take Barbie anywhere. She easily can be a doctor by simply converting her hot pink kitchen into an operating room. Tissue boxes and packing cartons make great furniture and apartment complexes. A child really doesn't need the fancy cars or doll houses to make her dreams come alive: all that is really needed is an imagination. A. Barbie's biographer reminds us that she was not defined through relationships of responsibility to men or family. B. Barbie, named after the Handlers' daughter, has become the quintessential (典型的) American doll. C. Barbie's success may be attributed to the focus on children as consumers for the first time. D. A second contributing factor to the realization of this doll evolved from Ruth watching her daughter and friends play with paper dolls. E. In 1937, they had moved from Colorado to California where they gambled their life savings on a plan to build Plexiglas furniture.

填空题If the situation goes worse, a serious problem may come up.

填空题Translated the following into English．(辽宁师范大2008研，考试科目：综合英语) 体育作为一种文化现象，在当代生活中的作用越来越大，关心它的人也越来越多，形成了体育文化热。那么什么是体育文化的内涵呢? 文化是人类在发展中形成的物质财富和精神成果的总和。体育文化是整个人类文化的一种，而且是非常独特的一种。别的种类的文化大多受到国家、民族、宗教等因素的阻隔而形成一个个文化圈。比如电影，观众很多，也有国际评奖，但电影评奖总要受到评委们的主观意识的影响，很难有一个非常明确的客观标准。而体育则有共同的规则，有共同的体育语言。体育能真正体现“公平竞争”的原则，所以越来越受到人们的欢迎，以奥林匹克精神为特征的体育文化已被全世界人民所接受。