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文学外国语言文学
填空题选择你熟悉的中国现代(1919一1949)翻译家及其代表译论，论述之。
填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} This part consists of a short passage. In this passage,
there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part of a
sentence. You may have to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. If
you change a word, cross it out with a slash (—) and write the correct word near
it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets)
immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash
(—).Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
(46){{U}}Homes could start been connected to the Internet
through electrical outlets.{{/U}} (47) {{U}}In this way, consumers and business may
find easier to make cheaper telephone calls under new rules that the Federal
Communications Commission began preparing on Thursday.{{/U}} (48) {{U}}Taking
together, the new rules could profoundly affect the architecture of the Internet
and the services it provides.{{/U}} (49) They also have enormous implications for
consumers, the telephone and energy industries, equipment manufacturers. Michael
K. Powell, the F.C.C. chairman, and his two Republican colleagues on the
five-member commission said that (50) {{U}}a 4-to-1 vote on Thursday to allow a
small company providing computer-to-computer phone connections to operate in
different rules from ordinary phone companies, would ultimately transform the
telecommunications industry and the Internet.{{/U}} (51) {{U}}"This is a reflecting
of the commission's commitment to bring tomorrow's technology to consumers
today."{{/U}} said Mr. Powell. He added that (52) {{U}}the rules governing the new
phone services sought to make them as wide available as email{{/U}} (53) {{U}}and
possibly much less expensive than traditional phones, and given their lower
regulatory costs. At the same time,{{/U}} (54) {{U}}once while the rules allowing
delivery of the Internet through power lines are completed,{{/U}} (55)
{{U}}companies could provide consumers with the ability to plug their modems
directly into wall sockets, just like they do with a toaster, or a desk
lamp.{{/U}}
填空题To be frank，it is a great relief to have the task fulfilled in so short a time．
填空题{{B}}Passage A{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} {{I}}You will hear a passage about the
police in America. Listen to it and fill out the table with the information
you've heard for questions 11—15. Some of the information has been given to you
in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the
recording only once.{{/I}}
Time
______ [11]
2002
Purpose
To test how honest the US public officials are.
To recover from a serious ______ [12] scandal.
City
Miami
Los Angeles
Number of wallets
______ [13]
20
What's in the wallets?
Not mentioned.
various amounts of cash, names, addresses and phone numbers.
Result
Only 21 wallets were turned in, and two of them were without cash. A number
of officers were fired or took early ______ [14] after the report.
Not a ______ [15] was missing from the wallets which were given to
officers.
填空题CHINESE TO ENGLISH．(北京邮电大学2008研，考试科目：英语语言基础) 我们下了车，每人牵着一个孩子，我跟在卡罗琳(Carolyn)的后面上了小路。然后，在小路拐角处转了个弯。我气喘吁吁地抬眼望去，眼前是一片欣欣向荣的景象：似乎是什么人拿了一大桶金子倾倒在山顶和山坡上；深橙色、白色、粉色、淡黄色和油黄色的花蜿蜒盘旋着，像大丝带，十分壮观。颜色各异的花分组种植，舞动着，就像一条条流动着的小河，别具特色。五英亩的花啊! “是谁种的这些花啊?”我问卡罗琳。 “一个女人，”卡罗琳说，“她住在这个花园里，那是她的家。” 卡罗琳指向一座在那一片繁荣中隐藏得很好的A字形房子，它看起来小巧而质朴。我们向房子走去。在庭院里，我们看到一个牌子，上面写着“你要的答案在这里”。
填空题The scientific theories about the origin of language include the bow-wow theory, the pooh- pooh theory and the "yo-he-ho" theory.
填空题A. How can I do that B. Are you going today
C. Did you get it D. Do you have that
E. Would you like my help F. Yes, I know
G. No, I don"t know H. Can I sell my used books
Seamus: Where can I buy textbooks?
Vic: First, you need to have the list of books for your class.
1
?
Seamus: Yes, I have that.
Vic: Well, when you have that, you can take it over to the bookstore. Can you find it?
Seamus:
2
where the bookstore is.
Vic: Just pass the gym and it"s the first door on your left. Were you aware that you can also turn in your old textbooks for money?
Seamus: Really?
3
?
Vic: Take your used textbooks with you and give them to the representative near the entrance. He will pay you for them.
4
?
Seamus: No, I can"t make it today.
Vic: I could help you with buying your books if you meet me there at 13:00 today or tomorrow.
5
?
Seamus: No, thanks. I"m good.
Vic: I"ll see you later then. Have a great day!
填空题
根据中文提示，将对话中缺少的内容写在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句；打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：小李到服装店想买件上衣，但是他不知道怎么选择，服装店的售货员帮助了他，以下是他们之间的对话。
Shop Assistant: What can I help you?Xiao Li:{{U}} (56)
{{/U}}Shop Assistant: What kind of coat do you like, long or
short?Xiao Li:{{U}} (57) {{/U}}Shop Assistant: I think this one
suits you, and it is very short. Do you like it?Xiao Li: I'm afraid I don't
like the color.Shop Assistant:{{U}} (58) {{/U}}?Xiao Li:
Black.Shop Assistant:{{U}} (59) {{/U}}?Xiao Li: Ok, I'll take
it:{{U}} (60) {{/U}}?Shop Assistant: 230 yuan.Xiao Li: Here you
are.Shop Assistant: Thank you.
填空题The deal is expected to result in si______ effects on both big media companies and telecommunications operators.
填空题{{U}}John was so absorbed in his reading{{/U}} that he didn't notice me entering his room.
填空题______, people buy a large number of tokens at a time. This is a ______ practice here. (general)
填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For each numbered blank in the following passage, fill in
a suitable word in each blank on the ANSWER SHEET.
Unconsciously, we all carry with us{{U}} (51)
{{/U}}have been called "body bubbles". These bubbles are like invisible
wails{{U}} (52) {{/U}}define our personal space. The amount of space
changes{{U}} (53) {{/U}}on the interpersonal relationship. For example,
we are usually more comfortable standing closer to family members than to{{U}}
(54) {{/U}}. Personality{{U}} (55) {{/U}}determines the size
of this space. Introverts often prefer to interact with others at a greater
distance than{{U}} (56) {{/U}}. Cultural styles are
important too. A Japanese{{U}} (57) {{/U}}and employee usually stand
farther apart while talking than their American counterparts. Latin Americans
and Arabs tend to{{U}} (58) {{/U}}closer together than Americans when
talking. For Americans,{{U}} (59) {{/U}}in social
conversation is about an arm's length to four feet. Less space in the American
culture may be associated{{U}} (60) {{/U}}greater intimacy or aggressive
behavior. The common practice of saying "Excuse me," or "Pardon me" for the
slightest accidental touching of another person reveals an American attitude
about personal space. Thus when a person's "space" is intruded{{U}} (61)
{{/U}}by someone, he or{{U}} (62) {{/U}}may feel{{U}} (63)
{{/U}}and react defensively. In cultures{{U}} (64) {{/U}}close
physical contact is acceptable and desirable, Americans may be Perceived{{U}}
(65) {{/U}}cold and distant. Culture does not
always{{U}} (66) {{/U}}the messages that our body movements{{U}}
(67) {{/U}}Contexts, personalities, and relationships also influence
them. Therefore, no two people in any one society have the same nonverbal
behavior. However, like verbal language,{{U}} (68) {{/U}}communication
cannot be completely separated{{U}} (69) {{/U}}culture.{{U}} (70)
{{/U}}we emphasize differences or similarities, the "silent language" is
much louder than it first appears.
填空题Adriana: I heard you're moving to New York. Ryan: Yes. I've got an offer in upstate New York. Adriana: Oh, that's great! But I'm going to (56) . Ryan: Me, too. Let's keep (57) . Adriana: Yeah. (58) to drop me a line when you settle down. Ryan: Trust me. (59) . I'll keep you posted. Adriana: You have my address? Ryan: Well, I have your email address. Adriana: All right! I (60) hearing from you soon. Good luck!
填空题Affix is the collective term for the type of formative that call be used only when added to another morpheme. Affixes are limited in number in a language, and are generally classified into three subtypes, namely, prefix, suffix, and______. (北京邮电大学2010研)
填空题A. I preferB. that's OKC. I'd love toD. What do you likeE. Would you like to goF. That sounds fineG. cannot workH. have to work lateDave: I have tickets to The Phantom of the Opera on Friday night. (56) ?Susan: Thanks. (57) . What time is the show?Dave: It's at 8:00.Susan: That sounds great. So, do you want to have dinner at 6:00?Dave: Uh, I'd like to, but I (58) .Susan: Oh, (59) . Let's just meet at the theater before the show, around 7:30.Dave： (60) .
填空题John Kennedy
was born with
a rich family
while
Abraham Lincoln
came from
poor
family background.
填空题
填空题The premium varies ______ the extent of insurance．Should additional risks be covered, the extra premium is ______ buyers account.
填空题
填空题IC analysis emphasizes the______structure of a sentence, seeing it as consisting of word groups first.
填空题The little gift has become much ______ (tall)and ______ (heavy)than before.
填空题The philosopher is said to be a s______ man. He closed himself indoors and rarely had visitors.
填空题My mother is a ______ motorist；she never does any dangerous driving． 我妈妈是一个开车很谨慎的人；她从来不会开车冒险。
填空题At the wedding party, guests ______ with cocktails in hand, talking and laughing.
填空题______can be defined as the study of language in use. Sociolinguistics, on the other hand, attempts to show the relationship between language and society.
填空题Everybody
has arrived
.
It"s
time we
shall start
.
A. Everybody
B. has arrived
C. It"s
D. shall start
填空题
填空题Translate the following paragraph into English．(北京科技大学2006研，考试科目：基础英语) 矛盾的焦点，在于来日苦短，精神体力日见不济，世故困人，而又不能抽刀断水，毅然割弃文字因缘，顾此失彼，难以周全。在人际关系中，久已无力做到有信必复，有求必应，一面又不能释然于怀，洒脱得无牵无挂。岁尾年头，向亲朋好友发个贺年片，兼代通候，原是一件使人感到温暖和愉快的事，也渐觉力不从心。因为一来一往，为数可观，操作需时，不免手忙脚乱。暮年行动不便，购卡，投邮，又须求人代劳。市上行销的时髦贺卡，多是金碧辉煌的豪华版，代价不菲，姑置不论，流行歌曲式的新潮贺词，也很不合老人身份。诸多烦扰，不一而足。曾经几次自己设计，印制一些朴素大方，既能表情达意，又可供欣赏的贺卡，也难以实现。不得已狠一狠心，向贺年片挥手告别，从此不再发寄，也不再裁答。失礼之处，只好请求多多体谅了。
填空题
填空题A. this is the wrong stopB. this was the right stopC. I don't knowD. I really don't feel like walkingE. We can walk to the placeF. hurry up and get offG. I thought this was our stopH. don't move and stay in the bus Flossie: Are we supposed to get off right here? Edmond: I think so; (1) . Flossie: Where are we? Edmond: I don't know. Flossie: You said (2) . Edmond: I think I was wrong. Flossie: Did we get off the bus too early? Edmond: (3) ; it kind of looks like we did. Flossie: Why did you tell me to get off?. Edmond: I'm sorry. (4) . Flossie: (5) . Edmond: We could always wait for the next bus to com
填空题______linguistics is an approach to language that is based on our experience of the world and the way we perceive and conceptualize it.
填空题Kate: Don' t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. Tom: ______ .
填空题allophone
填空题英汉互译：汉译英。(国际关系学院英语笔译、口译专业2013研，考试科目：英语翻译基础) 近些年来，中国与印度经济均实现了迅猛增长。全球金融危机过后，德国经济去年萎缩了约5％，印度和中国经济却分别增长了8％左右。全球当前的复苏主要由新兴国家拉动——尤其是印度和中国。“金砖四国”将成为全球经济的增长动力。像德国这样的国家，将从这一趋势中获益。目前德国是中国在欧洲最大的贸易伙伴国，而中国是德国在亚洲最重要的出口市场。对德国生产的绿色、创新产品的需求正不断上升。中国和印度企业也开始在德国投资，他们看重德国的技术和掌握熟练技能的工人。德国应当把中国和印度这一龙一虎当作吉祥物欢迎。他们的繁荣将确保德国的繁荣。
填空题D.W. Griffith, (directing) and producing his own silent movies, (achieving) great popularity (and was) a pioneer of (modern) cinema.
A. directing B. achieving C. and was D. modern
填空题We shall cancel the contract if you fail ______ open the relative L/C ______ the end of this year.
填空题
填空题The typical picture of a corporate highflier is someone who survives on very little sleep. He or she rises when it is still dark, works late and is still answering emails at two o"clock in the morning. Such people do exist, of course. The late British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, for example, was famous for operating on a few hours" sleep. Some entrepreneurs and Wall Street traders seem to follow suit.
But if you think you need to do the same thing to get ahead, think again. A growing body of research is finding that, on the contrary, those who get a good night"s sleep are usually more productive at work. That"s because sleep doesn"t just rest the brain, say medical specialists. It allows the brain to perform vital maintenance and restoration tasks. Brains that get too little sleep simply can not perform as well as those that are rested. "There"s no doubt that sleep deprivation affects job performance," says the Detroit Medical Center"s Safwan Badr. "The evidence is compelling that when you do not get enough sleep...you are not as productive."
Investors should also take heed: Numerous studies have found that those running on too little sleep tend to make poorer investment decisions and take needless risks as well. Charles Czeisler, a sleep specialist at Brigham you"ll see similar effects if you simply sleep too little each night over time.
For the first time, new research has attempted to put some numbers on the link between more Zzzs and more Benjamins. Matthew Gibson, graduate researcher in the economics department of the University of California, San Diego, compared wage data with sleep times recorded in the U.S. Census Bureau"s American Time Use Survey. His conclusion: For those who are sleeping too little, "a onehour increase in longrun average sleep increases wages by 16%, equivalent to more than a year of schooling."
Adults need eight hours of sleep on average, experts say. There is some variation between individuals. But when we are tired, we find it much harder to think innovatively and to make creative leaps, say researchers. We find it harder to adapt our thinking to new information or to learn new lessons. Consider: At England"s Loughborough University in 1999, researchers Yvonne Harrison tested the effects of sleep deprivation on a small group of healthy young participants. They were given complex business-situation tasks in the form of a game, as well as some critical reading tasks. Those who went short on sleep were able to keep up with the reading, they found. But when it came to the complex game, "their play collapsed," they Reported.
A. agrees that sleep deprivation brings bad effects to investment.
B. holds that adults need an average of 8 hours" sleep.
C. believes that lack of sleep diminishes your performance.
D. thinks it is difficult for people lacking sleep to take up creative work.
E. points out the relation between sleep time and American dollars.
F. is well known for very little sleep.
G. maintains that sleep can rest the brain, and let the brain do other important tasks.
填空题It's not just an American phenomenon: Across the globe, single-parent homes are on the rise. Numbers for one-parent families increased from England to Australia during the 1990s, mirroring demographic shifts reflected in the U.S. census. Just as in America, those shifts raised new questions about how involved government should be in helping single-parent families, which often are less well-off financially than those led by a married mom and dad. 41. __________ Annie Oliver, a 32-year-old single mother from Bristol, England, thinks so. "You wouldn't believe how becoming a single parent suddenly made me a second-class citizen," said Oliver, who struggles to keep a full-time job and give the extra care her disabled son needs. 42. __________ By comparison, 9.8 million house-holds, or 9 percent of all U. S. households were headed by an adult raising a child alone or without a spouse. The 1990 census showed 26 percent of homes were led by a married mother and father, and 8 percent of homes were led by a single parent. Similar increases occurred in other countries, though data from those countries are not directlycomparable to U.S. census figures because of methodology differences. 43. __________ Single parent households in Australia rose from 5.8 percent in 1990 to 7.6 percent in 1999. Other countries that saw large increases, according to the Organization: —Belgium, 1.8 percent of households in 1990 to 2.7 percent in 1999; —Ireland, 1.8 percent to 2.8 percent; —Luxembourg, 1.3 percent to 2.2 percent. 44. __________ Those countries tend to have greater acceptance of single parenting because there are fewer nearby family members to disapprove, Riche said. Lone-parent family households in Japan increased from 5.1 percent in 1990 to just 5.2 percent in 1999. 45. __________ "The position of one-parent families in any given country is very much a gender issue—women's opportunities, especially working-class women on low income," said Sue Cohen, coordinator of the Single Action Parents Network in England.[A] In the United States, the 2000 census showed 24.8 million, or nearly 24 percent of the nation's 105.5 million house-holds, were traditional two-parent homes.[B] Should single parents be afforded tax breaks to help pay for child care? Should employers be monitored to make sure flexible work-hours are offered?[C] Countries with increases in single-parent homes are often those where the nuclear family structure—just Mom, Dad and the kids—is more common than an extended, multigenerational family living under one roof, said demographer Martha Farnsworth Riche, a former Census Bureau director.[D] In the United Kingdom, lone-parent family homes increased from 3.3 percent of all households in 1990 to 5.5 percent in 1999, according to data compiled by the Paris-based Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It did not specify whether children in those homes were younger than 18.[E] Some research suggests children raised in two-parent families are better off than those who rely on one.[F] Rates were relatively unchanged during the same period in Greece, Italy and Portugal. These countries tend to think more conservatively about family makeup, and there is more pressure to avoid divorce or unmarried parenthood, Riche said.[G] "Most of the research linking single-parenthood to children's school performance has been done with single nations," .says Dr. Suet-ling Pong, associate professor of education and sociology and demography. "We do not know much about the impact of single parenthood across cultures and countries."
填空题A. take out your card B. What's next C. The ATM gives you bills D. What do I do E. put your card in this slot F. How much can I take out G. Enter the amount you want H. Take the money and leave Susan: How do I use the ATM? Alan: First of all, (56) and enter your PIN. Susan: OK. Then I choose withdrawal? Alan: Yes, choose withdrawal, not account information. Susan： (57) ? Alan：The ATM calls up your checking or savings account． Susan：And then? Alan： (58) to take out of your account． Susan： (59) ? Alan：Most accounts have a limit of$400． Susan：What happens after I enter the withdrawal amount? Alan： (60) ，usually $20 bills．Take the money and receipt from the slots．
填空题Ken: What have ______. The last time I saw you were looking for a new job. David: Well, that's not exactly true. I was thinking about changing jobs. Luckily, that was all taken care of when they offered me a new position in the accounts department.
填空题
[A] What route does HIV take after it enters the body to
destroy the immune system? [B] How and when did the
long-standing belief concerning AIDS and HIV crop up? [C] What
is the most effective anti-HIV therapy? [D] How does HIV subvert
the immune system? [E] In the absence of a vaccine, how can HIV
be stopped? [F] Why does AIDS predispose infected persons to
certain types of cancer and infections? In the 20 years since
the first cases of AIDS were detected, scientists say they have learned more
about this viral disease than any other. Yet Peter Piot, who
directs the United Nations AIDS program, and Stefano Vella of Rome, president of
the International AIDS Society, and other experts say reviewing unanswered
questions could prove useful as a measure of progress for AIDS and other
diseases. Among the important broader scientific questions that
remain: 41. __________. A long-standing
belief is that cancer cells constantly develop and are held in check by a
healthy immune system. But AIDS has challenged that belief. People with AIDS are
much more prone to certain cancers like non-Hodgkins lymphomas and Kaposi's
sarcoms, but not to breast, colon and lung, the most common cancers in the
United States. This pattern suggests that an impaired immune system, at least
the type that occurs in AIDS, does not allow common cancers to
develop. 42. __________. When HIV is
transmitted sexually, the virus must cross a tissue barrier to enter the body.
How that happens is still unclear. The virus might invade directly or be carried
by a series of different kinds of cells. Eventually HIV travels
through lymph vessels to lymph nodes and the rest of the lymph system. But what
is not known is how the virus proceeds to destroy the body's CD-4 cells that are
needed to combat invading infectious agents. 43.
__________. Although HIV kills the immune cells sent to
kill the virus, there is widespread variation in the rate at which HIV infected
people become ill with AIDS. So scientists ask. Can the elements of the immune
system responsible for that variability be identified? If so, can they be used
to stop progression to AIDS in infected individuals and possibly prevent
infection in the first place? 44. __________.
In theory, early treatment should offer the best chance of preserving
immune function. But the new drugs do not completely eliminate HIV from the body
so the medicines, which can have dangerous side effects, will have to be taken
for a lifetime and perhaps changed to combat resistance. The new policy is
expected to recommend that treatment be deferred until there are signs the
immune system is weakening. Is a vaccine possible?
There is little question that an effective vaccine is crucial to
controlling the epidemic. Yet only one has reached the stage of full testing,
and there is wide controversy over the degree of protection it will provide. HIV
strains that are transmitted in various areas of the world differ genetically.
It is not known whether a vaccine derived from one type of HIV will confer
protection against other types. 45. __________.
Without more incisive, focused behavioral research, prevention messages
alone will not put an end to the global epidemic.
填空题______ regard to Electric Wire JB--1598, it is very regrettable that the goods are out ______ stock now.
填空题English has become the world's number one language in the 20th century. In every country where English is not the native language, especially in the Third World, people must strive to learn it to the best of their abilities, if they want to participate fully in the development of their countries. (1) . (2) . Nonetheless, a world full of different languages will disappear if the present trend in many countries to use English to replace the national or official languages in education, trade and even politics continues. (3) . The Third World countries that are now using English as a medium of instruction are depriving 75 percent of their future leaders of a proper education. According to many studies, only around 20 to 25 percent of students in these countries can manage to learn the language of instruction (English) as well as basic subjects at the same time. Many leaders of these Third World countries are obsessed with English and for them English is everything. They seem to believe that if the students speak English, they are already knowledgeable. (4) . All the greatest countries of the world are great because they constantly use their own languages in all national development activities, including education. From a psychological point of view, those who are taught in their own language from the start will develop better self -confidence and self-reliance. From a linguistic point of view, the best brains can only be produced if students are educated in their own language from the start. (5) . There is nothing wrong, however, in learning a foreign language at advanced levels of education. But the best thing to do is to have a good education in one's native language first, then go abroad to have a university education in a foreign language. A. If this situation continues, the native or official languages of these countries will certainly die within two or three generations. This phenomenon has been called linguistic genocide. A language dies if it is not fully used in most activities, particularly as a medium of instruction in schools. B. Those who are taught in a foreign language from the start will tend to be imitators and lack self-confidence. They will tend to rely on foreign consultants. C. Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English. D. But many people are concerned that English's dominance will destroy native languages. E. These leaders speak and write English much better than their national languages. If these leaders deliver speeches anywhere in the world, they use English and they feel more at home with it and proud of their ability as well. The citizens of their countries do not understand their leaders' speeches because they are made in a foreign language. F. Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information you need. G. A close examination reveals a great number of Languages have fallen casualty to English. For example, it has wiped out Hawaiian, Welsh, Scotch, Gaelic, Irish, native American languages, and many others. Luckily, some of these languages are now being revived, such as Hawaiian and Welsh, and these languages will live again, hopefully, if dedicated people continue their work of reviving them.
填空题Human speech developed from primitive man giving vocal expression to the objects he encountered. This is known as "______Theory".
填空题It was now ten years to the day {{U}}自从我们相识{{/U}}.
填空题The person ______ was standing next to me seemed very nervous.
填空题岁月沧桑，风化雨蚀，造就了这里奇特的山体风貌：满山巨塔高耸，穹丘浑圆，不倒翁摇摇欲坠，大拱门凌空面立，奇形怪状，自然天成。大自然造物不尽，还在不断创造新的神奇。
填空题{{B}}Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four
choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your
answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.{{/B}}
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet
they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the{{U}}
(21) {{/U}}of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star
general. Why are uniforms so{{U}} (22) {{/U}}in the United States?
Among the arguments{{U}} (23) {{/U}}uniforms, one of
the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more{{U}} (24)
{{/U}}than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect{{U}}
(25) {{/U}}quality from a man who wears a uniform. The
television repairman who wears a uniform{{U}} (26) {{/U}}to inspire more
trust than one who appears in{{U}} (27) {{/U}}clothes.
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes.
They{{U}} (28) {{/U}}on laundry bills. Uniforms
also give{{U}} (29) {{/U}}to some practical problems. Though they
are long lasting, often their initial expense is{{U}} (30) {{/U}}than
the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to
maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering
possible with many types of civilian clothes.
填空题Economists warn that eno______ pressures of recession could build up, forcing people to emigrate westward.
填空题Failure to advertise {{U}}could{{/U}} result in either {{U}}reduced{{/U}} sales and {{U}}less{{/U}} profit {{U}}nor{{/U}} legal actions.
A. could B. reduced C. less D. nor
填空题Many of us believe that a person's mind becomes less active as he grows older.
填空题
填空题______ tumultuous
填空题Author______Title______ Moving the lamp as the man moved, I made out that he was substantially dressed, but roughly; like a voyager by sea. That he had long iron-grey hair. That his age was about sixty. That he was a muscular man, strong on his legs, and that he was browned and hardened by exposure to weather.
填空题A. Perhaps our most dangerous bias is that we naturally assume that everyone else is more susceptible to thinking errors, a tendency known as the "bias blind spot." This "meta-bias" is rooted in our ability to spot systematic mistakes in the decisions of others—we excel at noticing the flaws of friends—and inability to spot those same mistakes in ourselves. In each instance, we readily forgive our own minds but look harshly upon the minds of other people.
B. When people face an uncertain situation, they don"t carefully evaluate the information or look up relevant statistics. Instead, their decisions depend on a long list of mental shortcuts, which often lead them to make foolish decisions. These shortcuts aren"t a faster way of doing the math; they"re a way of skipping the math altogether. Asked about the bat and the ball, we forget our arithmetic lessons and instead default to the answer that requires the least mental effort.
C. What explains this result? One provocative hypothesis is that the bias blind spot arises because of a mismatch between how we evaluate others and how we evaluate ourselves. When considering the irrational choices of a stranger, for instance, we are forced to rely on behavioral information; we see their biases from the outside, which allows us to glimpse their systematic thinking errors. However, when assessing our own bad choices, we tend to engage in elaborate introspection. We scrutinize our motivations and search for relevant reasons; we lament our mistakes to therapists and ruminate on the beliefs that led us astray.
D. For more than five decades, Daniel Kahneman, a Nobel Laureate and professor of psychology at Princeton, has been asking questions like this and analyzing our answers. His disarmingly simple experiments have profoundly changed the way we think about thinking. While philosophers, economists, and social scientists had assumed for centuries that human beings are rational agents, Kahneman demonstrated that we"re not nearly as rational as we like to believe.
E. Here"s a simple arithmetic question: A bat and ball cost a dollar and ten cents. The bat costs a dollar more than the ball. How much does the ball cost? The vast majority of people respond quickly and confidently, insisting the ball costs ten cents. This answer is both obvious and wrong. (The correct answer is five cents for the ball and a dollar and five cents for the bat.)
F. The problem with this introspective approach is that the driving forces behind biases—the root causes of our irrationality—are largely unconscious, which means they remain invisible to self-analysis and impermeable to intelligence. In fact, introspection can actually compound the error, blinding us to those primal processes responsible for many of our everyday failings. We spin eloquent stories, but these stories miss the point. The more we attempt to know ourselves, the less we actually understand.
G. In many instances, smarter people are more vulnerable to these thinking errors. Although we assume that intelligence is a buffer against bias—that"s why those with higher S. A. T. scores think they are less prone to these universal thinking mistakes—it can actually be a subtle curse.
Order:
1
→D→
2
→
3
→
4
→C→
5
填空题Can you offer us machine tools ______ the following specification in accordance ______ the terms of the sales contract.
填空题
填空题The terms such as "desk" ,"chair" and "bed" are______of the term "furniture".
填空题A. Let"s give Malia a call B. But I do
C. that would be good D. If I remember right
E. That"s not proper F. Me, neither
G. Who knows Mary H. Who would know her favorite groups
Helga: I have no idea what to buy for Mary for her birthday.
Catharine:
1
! Would you like to go in and buy her a gift together?
Helga: Yes,
2
!
Catharine: We need to think about what she might like. What are her interests?
Helga:
3
, she likes music, skiing and reading.
Catharine: You know, maybe we could get her some concert tickets.
4
?
Helga: Her roommate, Malia, might know what her favorite groups are.
Catharine: Yeah, Malia would be able to help us choose a concert.
Helga:
5
and ask her for her help right now.
Catharine: Good! Maybe Malia would like to go in with us on this gift.
填空题Human language is ______. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the meaning it is associated with.
填空题不能把这些书带出阅览室。
填空题The Hindus in India, despite an ______ of cows, refuse to eat beef on religious grounds. (abundant)
填空题
填空题There was little point in continuing so _______ (profitable) a dialogue.
填空题Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______.
填空题Fill in the numbered blanks with proper words. Choose among the listed words below. You can add prefixes or suffixes to the words to make sure they come in correct forms in terms of both grammar and meaning. novel, entire, read, admire, regard, utter, fallible, educate, argue, wise, discover, careful, remark, mortal, illustrate, judge, great, addition, beauty, fold The test of a great book is whether we want to read it only once or more than once, and every【K1】______time that we read it we find new meanings and new beauties in it. A book that a person of 【K2】______and good taste does not care to read more than once is very probably not worth much. Some time ago there was a discussion going on【K3】______the art of the great French【K4】______, Zola; some people claimed that he possessed absolute genius; others claimed that he had only talent of a very 【K5】______kind. The battle of the【K6】______brought out some strange extravagances of opinions. But suddenly a very great critic simply put this question: " How many of you have read, or would care to read, one of Zola"s books a second time?" There was no answer; probably no one would read a book by Zola more than once. The fact was settled. Shallow or false any book must be, that, although bought by a hundred thousand readers, is never read more than once. But we cannot consider the judgment of a single individual【K7】______The opinion that makes a book great must be the opinion of many. For even the greatest critics are apt to have certain dullness, certain inappreciations. Carlyle, for example, could not endure Browning; Byron could not endure some of the greatest of English poets. A man must be many-sided to utter a trustworthy estimate of many books. We may doubt the【K8】______of the single critic at times. But there is no doubt possible in regard to the judgment of generations. Even if we cannot at once perceive anything good in a book which has been admired and praised for hundreds of years, we may be sure that by trying, by studying it【K9】______, we shall at last be able to feel the reason of this【K10】______and praise. The best of all libraries for a poor man would be a library【K11】______composed of such great works only. This then would be the most important guide for us in the choice of reading. We should read only the books that we want to read more than once, nor should we buy any others, unless we have some special reason for so investing money. The second fact demanding attention is the general character of the value that lies hidden within all such great books: they never become old; their youth is 【K12】______A great book is not apt to be comprehended by a young person at the first【K13】______except in a superficial way. Only the surface, the narrative, is absorbed and enjoyed. No young man can possibly see at first reading the qualities of a great book. Remember that it has taken humanity in many cases hundreds of years to find out all that there is in such a book. But according to a man"s experience of life, the text will【K14】______new meanings to him. The book that delighted us at eighteen, if it be a good book, will delight us much more at twenty-five, and it will prove like a new book to us at thirty years of age. At forty we shall re-read it, wondering why we never saw how【K15】______it was before. At fifty or sixty years of age the same facts will repeat themselves. A great book grows exactly in proportion to the growth of the reader"s mind. It was the【K16】______of this extraordinary fact by generations of people long dead that made the【K17】______of such works as those of Shakespeare, of Dante, or of Goethe. Perhaps Goethe can give us at this moment the best【K18】______He wrote a number of little stories in prose, which children like, because to children they have all the charm of fairy-tales. But he never intended them for fairy-tales; he wrote them for experienced minds. A young man finds very serious reading in them; a middle-aged man discovers an extraordinary depth in their least【K19】______; and an old man will find in them all the world"s philosophy, all the【K20】______of life.
填空题According to G. Leech, ______ meaning refers to what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker/writer.
填空题A．Where did it take place B．No，I had no idea C．had an operation D．how beautiful E．that’s great F．What happened G．had her baby last week H．visit her and the baby Julia：Did you hear the news? Miles： (56) ? Julia：Our cousin went into labor and (57) ． Miles：She did? Why didn’t anyone tell me? Julia：I would’ve thought that somebody would have told you． Miles： (58) ． Julia：Well，she did，her baby was 8 pounds 6 ounces． Miles：Oh my God， (59) ! Julia：Are you going to go and (60) ? Miles：I think that I might． Julia：Good! I just thought I’d let you know． Miles：Thanks for telling me．
填空题Unconsciously, we all carry with us (51) have been called "body bubbles". These bubbles are like invisible walls (52) define our personal space. The amount of space changes (53) on the interpersonal relationship. For example, we are usually more comfortable standing closer to family members than to (54) . Personality (55) determines the size of this space. Introverts often prefer to interact with others at a greater distance than (56) . Cultural styles are important too. A Japanese (57) and employee usually stand farther apart while talking than their American counterparts. Latin Americans and Arabs tend to (58) closer together than Americana when talking. For Americans, (59) in social conversation is about an arm's length to four feet. Less space in the American culture may be associated (60) greater intimacy or aggressive behavior. The common practice of saying "Excuse me," or "Pardon me" for the slightest accidental touching of another person reveals an American attitude about personal space. Thus when a person's "space" is intruded (61) by someone, he or (62) . may feel (63) and react defensively. In cultures (64) close physical contact is acceptable and desirable, Americans may be perceived (65) cold and distant. Culture does not always (66) the messages that our body movements (67) Contexts, personalities, and relationships also influence them. Therefore, no two people in any one society have the same nonverbal behavior. However, like verbal language, (68) communication cannot be completely separated (69) culture. (70) we emphasize differences or similarities, the "silent language" is much louder than it first appears.
填空题They were united ______ one and finally drove the invaders out of their country． 他们团结一心，终于把侵略者赶出了国土。
填空题One sign {{U}}by which{{/U}} you are making progress in {{U}}an art{{/U}} such as painting or photography is {{U}}that{{/U}} you begin to realize how much {{U}}there is{{/U}} to learn.
A. by which B. an art C. that D. there is
填空题A. Hardly ever.B. No wonder you look so well.C. Follow my advice.D. I'm sure.E. Do you want to go with me?F. Right on!G. Have a nice day.H. That's too bad.Peter: My doctor says I'm a little overweight.Alison: (56) Do you get physical exercises?Peter: (57) I like sports, but I never have time.Alison: Don't make any excuses(借口). If you really want to, you'll find time to do it.Peter: (58) Do you exercise every day?Alison: Yes, I play tennis every afternoon. And I'm a member of the local health club.Peter: (59) .Alison: I'm playing tennis tomorrow afternoon. (60) .Peter: I wish I could. But I have an important meetin
填空题Bloomfield"s Language(1933)was once held as the______of scientific methodology and the greatest work in linguistics on both sides of the Atlantic in the 20th century.
填空题Directions: In the following
article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most
suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There
are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.
Scholars, writers and teachers in the modern academic community have
strong feelings about acknowledging the use of another person's ideas. In the
English-speaking world, the term plagiarism is used to label the practice of not
giving credit for the source of one's ideas. 41．______
42．______In many universities, the punishment may range from failure in a
particular course to expulsion from the university. In the literary world, where
writers are protected from plagiarism by international copyright laws, the
penalty may range from a small fine to imprisonment and a ruined career.
Protection of scholars and writers, through the copyright laws and through the
social pressures of the academic and literary communities, is a relatively
recent concept. Such social pressures and copyright laws require writers to give
scrupulous attention to documentation of their sources.
Students, as inexperienced scholars themselves, must avoid various types
of plagiarism by being self-critical in their use of other scholars' ideas and
by giving appropriate credit for the source of borrowed ideas and words,
otherwise dire consequences may occur. 43．______
Plagiarism by accident, or oversight, sometimes is the result of the
writer's inability to decide or remember where the idea came from. He may have
read it long ago, heard it in a lecture since forgotten, or acquired it
second-hand or third-hand from discussions with colleagues. He may also
have difficulty in deciding whether the idea is such common knowledge that no
reference to the original source is needed. Although this type of plagiarism
must be guarded against, it is the least serious and, if lessons learned, can be
exempt from being severely punished. Plagiarism through
ignorance is simply a way of saying that inexperienced writers often do not know
how or when to acknowledge their sources. The techniques for documentation-note-
taking, quoting, footnoting, listing bibliography-are easily learned and can
prevent the writer from making unknowing mistakes or omissions in his
references. 44．______ The most serious kind of academic
thievery is plagiarism by intention. The writer, limited by his laziness and
dullness, copies the thoughts and language of others and claims them for his
own. He not only steals, he tries to deceive the reader into believing the ideas
are original. Such words as immoral, dishonest, offensive, and despicable are
used to describe the practice of plagiarism by intention.
The opposite of plagiarism is acknowledgement. 45．______Students, as
developing scholars, writers, teachers, and professional leaders, should
recognize and assume their responsibility to document all sources from which
language and thoughts are borrowed. Other members of the profession will not
only respect the scholarship, they will admire the humility and honesty.
[A] The penalties for plagiarism vary from situation to
situation. [B] Many scholars suggest rigid
self-regulations in academic world in order to protect the purity of academics.
[C] "Penalty for plagiarism should be regulated by laws
and regulations," said one scholar, "it is no better than theft. "
[D] Although there is no copyright in news, or in ideas,
only in the expression of them, the writer cannot plead ignorance when his
sources for ideas are challenged. [E] Simply stated,
plagiarism is "the wrongful appropriation or purloining, and publication as
one's own of the ideas, or the expression of ideas of another. "
[F] All mature and trustworthy writers make use of the
ideas of others but they are careful to acknowledge their indebtedness to their
sources. [G] There are at least three classifications of
plagiarism as it is revealed in students' inexactness in identifying sources
properly. They are plagiarism by accident, by ignorance, and by intention.
填空题We are, therefore, compelled to claim ______ you to compensate us ______ the loss of $27500.
填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}In the following text, some sentences have been
removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to
fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not
fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Do mobile phones cause explosions at petrol stations? That
question has just been exhaustively answered by Adam Burgess, a researcher at
the University of Kent, in England. Oddly, however, Dr Burgess is not a
physicist, but a sociologist. For the concern rests not on scientific evidence
of any danger, but is instead the result of sociological factors: it is an urban
myth, supported and propagated by official sources, but no less a myth for that.
Dr Burgess presented his findings this week at the annual conference of the
British Sociological Association. Mobile phones started to
become widespread in the late 1980s, when the oil industry was in the middle of
a concerted safety drive, Dr Burgess notes. This was, in large part, a response
to the Piper Alpha disaster in 1988, when 167 people died in an explosion on an
oil platform off the Scottish coast. 41.______So nobody questioned the
precautionary ban on the use of mobile phones at petrol stations. The worry was
that an electrical spark might ignite explosive fumes.
42.______But it was too late. The myth had taken hold.
One problem, says Dr Burgess, is that the number of petrol-station fires
increased in the late 1990s, just as mobile phones were proliferating. Richard
Coates, BP's fire-safety adviser, investigated many of the 243 such fires that
occurred around the world between 1993 and 2004. He concluded that most were
indeed caused by sparks igniting petrol vapour, but the sparks themselves were
the result of static electricity, not electrical equipment. Most drivers will
have experienced a mild electric shock when climbing out of their vehicles. It
is caused by friction between driver and seat, with the result that both end up
electrically charged. When the driver touches the metal frame of the vehicle,
the result is sometimes a spark. 43.______ 44.
______ One e-mail contained fictitious examples of such explosions said to have
happened in Indonesia and Australia. Another, supposedly sent out by Shell,
found its way on to an internal website at Exxon, says Dr Burgess, where it was
treated as authoritative by employees. Such memos generally explain static fires
quite accurately, but mistakenly attribute them to mobile phones. Official
denials, says Dr Burgess, simply inflame the suspicions of conspiracy
theorists. 45. ______ Warning signs. abound in Britain,
America, Canada and Australia. The city of Sao Paulo, in Brazil, iatroduced a
ban last year, And, earner tins month, a member of Connecticut's. senate
proposed making the use of mobile phones in petrol stations in that state
punishable by a $ 250 fine. [A] The safety drive did not
apply merely to offshore operations: employees at some British oil-company
offices are now required to use handrails while walking up and downstairs, for
example. [B] As a result, the company had to pay a huge
amount of compensation to the families of the victims and law suits concerning
those fires seemed to be endless. [C] A further
complication was the rise of the internet, where hoax memos, many claiming to
originate from oil companies, warned of the danger of using mobile phones in
petrol stations. [D] This is particularly noticeable in
Britain. The country that led the way in banning mobile phones at petrol
stations is also the country that has taken the strongest line on the safety of
mobile-phone use by children. [E] Despite the lack of
evidence that mobile phones can cause explosions, bans remain in place around
the world, though the rules vary widely. [F] By the late
1990s, however, phone makers--having conducted their own research— realized that
there was no danger of phones causing explosions since they could not generate
the required sparks. [G] This seems to have become more
common as plastic car interiors, synthetic garments and rubber-soled shoes
have proliferated.
填空题A. Dream of failing down.
B. Dream of running hard.
C. Dream of being pushed away.
D. Dream of flying into the air.
Dreams play an important role in our lives. If they can be correctly explained, we can come to understand ourselves better. Here, we look at four common dreams and what they potentially symbolize.
1
I can see their laughing faces...laughing at me. But they aren"t as smart. If they were, they"d be up here flying with me! This dream has both positive and negative connotations (涵义). On the positive side, the dream may express a strong desire to travel and get away from everyday routine. It can be interpreted as a powerful desire to achieve. On the other hand, this dream can mean the person has a problem or is afraid of something and they wish to escape. The dream could represent an inferiority complex (自卑情结), which the dreamer attempts to escape from by putting themselves up above others.
2
I"m moving from fast now, but it"s still behind me. Doesn"t matter how fast I go, I still can"t escape. Although this is a traditional symbol of health and vitality (生命力) like the other one, it can also suggest the dreamer is trying to escape from danger. Usually, fear is prominent emotion. By running hard, the dreamer can possibly escape the threat. However, they can also stumble (蹒跚) or worse still stop moving altogether. This makes dream even more terrifying (恐怖的). One possible interpretation suggests that the dreamers are under pressure in their everyday life.
3
I"m sweating and my heart is beating. I am trapped in my own bed. In this dream, the person is often standing on a high, exposed place such as on the top of a tower, or on the edge of a cliff. The overwhelming (强烈的) feeling changes from anxiety to a loss of control. There is nothing to stop the person, and the feeling as they go over the edge can be horrifying real. Fortunately, just before hitting the ground, the dreamer awakens with a sense of enormous relief. This dream suggests that the dreamer is afraid of losing control and has a fear of failure or even death.
4
The wind is pushing me and I slip. There is nothing I can do, nothing I can hold on to. This symbol is associated with fear: suddenly the dreamer loses all power of movement. They try hard to move their arms and legs, but they simply cannot. Frozen in a terrifying situation with no escape, they become more and more terrified as the seconds go by. Another frequent context for this dream is failing to do something in public, often something which you are normally very good at, such as your job. Not only is this extremely embarrassing, but is also shows a deep-seated phobia (恐惧) of losing a job and a livelihood.
填空题
A. The consequence of losing bones B. A
better lab in space than on earth C. Two different
cases D. Multiple effects form weightlessness
E. How to overcome weightlessness F. Factors that are not so
sure During weightlessness, the forces within the body undergo
dramatic change. Because the spine is no longer compressed, people grow taller.
The lungs, heart and other organs within the chest have no weight, and as a
result, the rib cage and chest relax and expand. Similarly, the weights of the
liver, kidneys, stomach and bowels disappear. One astronaut said after his
flight: "You feel your guts floating up. I found myself tightening my belly,
sort of pushing things back." 41.______
Meanwhile muscles and bones come to be used in different ways. Our muscles
are designed to support us when stand or sit uptight an4 to move body parts. But
in space, muscles used for support on the ground are no longer needed for that
purpose; moreover, the muscles used for movement around a capsule differ from
those used for walking down a hall. Consequently, some muscles rapidly weaken.
This doesn't present a problem to space travelers as long as they perform only
light work. But preventing the loss of muscle tissue required for heavy work
during space walks and preserving muscle for safe return to Earth are the
subject of many current experiments. Studies have shown that
astronauts lose bone mass from the lower spine, hips and upper leg at a rate of
about 1 percent per month for the entire duration of their time in space. Some
sites, such as the heel, lose calcium faster than others. Studies of animals
taken into space suggest that bone formation also declines.
42.______ Needless to say, these data are indeed cause for
concern. During space flight, the loss of bone elevates calcium levels in the
body, potentially causing kidney stones and calcium crystals to form in other
tissues. Back on the ground, the loss of bone calcium stops within one month,
but scientists do not yet know whether the bone recovers completely: too few
people have flown in space for long periods. Some bone loss may be permanent, in
which case ex-astronauts will always be more prone to broken bones.
43.______ These questions mirror those in our
understanding of how the body works here on Earth. For example, elderly women
are prone to a loss of bone mass. Scientists understand that many different
factors can be involved in this loss, but they do not yet know how the factors
act and interact; this makes it difficult to develop an appropriate treatment.
So it is with bone loss in space, where the right prescription still awaits
discovery. Many other body systems are affected directly and
indirectly. One example is the lung. Scientists have studied the lung in space
and learned much they could not have learned in laboratories on earth. On the
ground the top and bottom parts of the lung have different patterns of air flow
and blood flow. But are these patterns the result only of gravity, or also of
the nature of the lung itself? Only recently have studies in space provided
clear evidence for the latter. Even in the absence of gravity, different parts
of the lung have different levels of air flow and blood flow.
45.______ Not everything that affects the body during
space flight is related solely to weightlessness. Also affected, for example,
are the immune system and the multiple systems responsible for the amount and
quality of sleep (light levels and work schedules disrupt the body's normal
rhythms). Looking out the spacecraft window just before going to sleep (an
action difficult to resist, considering the view) can let enough bright light
into the eye to trigger just the wrong brain response, leading to poor sleep. As
time goes on, the sleep debt accumulates. For long space
voyages, travelers must also face being confined in a tight volume, unable to
escape, isolated from the normal life of Earth, living with a small, fixed group
of companions who often come from different cultures. These challenges can lead
to anxiety, depression, crew tension and other social issues, which affect
astronauts just as much as weightlessness-perhaps even more. Because these
factors operate at the same time the body is adapting to other environmental
changes, it may not be clear which physiological changes result from which
factors. Much work remains to be done.
填空题A. great minds think alike
B. We could do it first thing tomorrow morning
C. We still have to do about ten more
Nancy: How many orders do we still need to pack, Gilbert? We"ve been packing all day.
Gilbert:
1
Nancy: Well, I"m really tired from packing all of the stuff all day. And it"s about time to clock out.
Gibert: I know. Maybe we can finish it tomorrow.
Nancy: Why not! These orders are not urgent.
2
Gibert: All right. Let"s call it quits and go home.
Neal: See,
3
!
填空题
填空题A. It"s really family first
B. the real work will start when they walk off the stage
C. then it was just a penalty
D. because I"m a pretty street-smart guy
Yorke: You"ve talked about finding meaning in suffering. What do you mean by that?
McGraw: Everybody at some point is going to have misfortune. I think if we don"t learn from that,
1
. But if you use it, then it becomes tuition. I draw a lot on my personal experiences. It"s hard for people to deceive me,
2
.
Yorke: Are there families who come on your show but whom you feel you just can"t help?
ncGrow: I never think that I"m doing eight-minute cures on television. But I think that 50 percent of the solution to any problem lies in defining it first. I can be an emotional compass that points them down the path, but
3
.
Yorke: What would you say is the greatest value system that you have?
ncGrow:
4
. Our family and its properties, needs, values, come before everything else—work, recreation, whatever.
填空题
填空题
填空题She did nothing but (complain)______ about it all the time she was here.
填空题She married one of her publishers and soon became
a household word
.
填空题(Without) the sun we (would) freeze to (die) and starve (in) almost total darkness. A．Without B．would C．die D．in
填空题Arsat, after successfully running away with the woman of his ruler, is troubled deep at heart by the thought that he had left his brother in the midst of enemies to die. Answer; "______" by______
填空题Smoking, inhalation and exhalation of the fumes of burning tobacco. Leaves of the tobacco plant are smoked in various ways. After a drying and curing process, they may be rolled into cigars or shredded for insertion into smoking pipes. Cigarettes, the most popular method of smoking, consist of finely shredded tobacco rolled in lightweight paper. About 50 million people in the United States currently smoke an estimated total of 570 billion cigarettes each year. But, is smoking a good habit?
1
Increased risk of cancer
Some experts noticed that lung cancer, which was rare before the 20th century, had increased dramatically since about 1930. The American Cancer Society and other organizations initiated studies comparing deaths among smokers and nonsmokers over a period of several years.
2
More deaths from other diseases
Smokers also run greater risk of dying from diseases apart from cancers.
3
Cigar and pipe smoke, as dangerous
Cigar and pipe smoke contains the same toxic and carcinogenic compounds found in cigarette smoke.
4
The effect of environmental tobacco smoke
Recent research has focused on the effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), that is, the effect of tobacco smoke on nonsmokers who must share the same environment with a smoker.
5
Addiction at an early age
The smoking habit and addiction to nicotine usually begins at an early age. This has led to particular concern over smoking in teenagers and young adults.
There is no need to kill innocent human beings. Restricting tobacco use may be the only answer to a healthy world. Tobacco is harmful not only to us, but to the people in surrounding areas. Tobacco use has been passed on from generation to generation. It is now time to put a ban on smoking. With the help of thousands of people, smoking can be controlled. Now it is the time to start a tobacco battle. Smoking needs to become extinct worldwide.
A. A report by the National Cancer Institute concluded that the mortality rates from cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, pharynx, and esophagus are approximately equal in users of cigarettes, cigars, and pipes. Rates of coronary heart disease, lung cancer, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis are elevated for cigar and pipe smokers and are correlated to the amount of smoking and the degree of inhalation.
B. In the United States, more than 70 percent of adults who smoke began smoking before the age of 18. From the early to mid-1990s the proportion of teenage smokers in the United States rose from one-quarter to onethird, despite increasing warnings about the health hazards of smoking and widespread bans on smoking in public places. In 2001 surveys of students in grades 9 through 12 found that more than 38 percent of male students and nearly 30 percent of female students smoke. Although black teenagers have the lowest smoking rates of any racial group, cigarette smoking among black teens increased 80 percent in the late 1990s.
C. It is estimated that cigarettes are responsible for about 431,000 deaths in the United States each year. Lung cancer accounts for about 30 percent of all cancer deaths in the United States, and smoking accounts for nearly 90 percent of lung cancer deaths. The risks of dying from lung cancer are 23 times higher for male smokers and 13 times higher for female smokers than nonsmokers. Additionally, smokers are at increased risk for cancer of the larynx, oral cavity, esophagus, bladder, kidney, and pancreas.
D. Research has shown that mothers who smoke give birth more frequently to premature or underweight babies, probably because of a decrease in blood flow to the placenta.
E. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that exposure to the environment that contains all the toxic agents exhaled by a smoker, causes 3,000 cancer deaths and an estimated 40,000 deaths from heart disease per year in nonsmokers. Secondhand smoke can aggravate asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis, and impaired blood circulation.
F. Smoking causes a fivefold increase in the risk of dying from chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and a twofold increase in deaths from diseases of the heart and coronary arteries. Smoking also increases the risk of stroke by 50 percent—40 percent among men and 60 percent among women.
填空题The high quality of our products, which has won popular approval, could not be acquired ______ the same prices ______ elsewhere.
填空题
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
All over the world men are (1)（ ） new techniques to provide mass housing, inexpensively and quickly, for millions of low and middle-income families, and (2)（ ） the urgent housing (3)（ ） brought on by such natural disasters (4)（ ） foods and earthquakes.
A firm in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, the Universal Papertech Corporation, believes it has found one solution (5)（ ） the problem: houses (6)（ ） paper. The ultimate success of the paper houses will (7)（ ） a great deal on breaking (8)（ ） traditional patterns and concept of home building and restrictive codes. One thing seems certain, (9)（ ）: The shelter revolution is already (10)（ ）.
The concept of paper houses was developed (11)（ ） 10 years ago by Universal. Six years ago the company supplied (12)（ ） then-current models (13)（ ） emergency housing for thousands of migratory farm workers in California. (14)（ ） the houses were new on the market, no one really knew just how long the unusual structures would (15)（ ）. Today, in California (16)（ ） still holding up well under the elements and (17)（ ） are accommodating more people than at first. The manufacture now (18)（ ） that the houses will have a useful life of at least 15 to 20 years. (19)（ ） in the paper houses has spread beyond the U.S. (20)（ ） a number of foreign countries.
1.A、searching B、searching for C、searching in D、searching into
2.A、meet B、meets C、meeting D、to meet
3.A、requirements B、qualifications C、acquirementsD、inquiries
4.A、like B、as C、that D、as to
5.A、for B、with C、to D、about
6.A、made up of B、made of C、consisting of D、composed of
7.A、set B、build C、depend D、determine
8.A、down B、away C、off D、up
9.A、though B、although C、yet D、but
10.A、on way B、by the way C、in the way D、under way
11.A、near B、since C、within D、about
12.A、the number ofB、the amount ofC、a number of D、an amount of
13.A、as B、for C、to D、with
14.A、Though B、But C、And D、Because
15.A、remain B、persist C、continue D、last
16.A、there are B、they are C、there is D、it is
17.A、also B、too C、as well D、either
18.A、values B、estimates C、regards D、counts
19.A、Attention B、Concern C、Interest D、Delight
20.A、in B、to C、on D、with
填空题他碰巧外出 when I called at his home the other day.
填空题academician
填空题In the 1990s China opened up many economic ______ zones in big cities. (develop)
填空题An absence of s______ vision and insufficient customer focus were two other areas identified as key problems facing this wireless phone service company.
填空题从供选择的答案中选出应填入下列英文语句中______内的正确答案。 Artificial Intelligence (1) a relatively young branch of science, new enough that we can still trace the development of the field from its inception in 1956 to the present. About six years ago, when we (2) planning the Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, we thought it would (3) possible to present AI comprehensively in three volumes. In retrospect, that seems to have (4) a good guess, although, inevitably, the outline (5) changed many times to reflect changes in the emphasis and methods of AL 供选择的答案： (1)be (2) am (3) are (4) is (5) was (6) were (7) being (8) been
填空题Known as African Americans" poet laureate, ______articulates the miseries and agonies of the blacks in face of racial discrimination.
填空题A sticking plaster may appear to be a grossly inadequate treatment for a paraplegic. Attach a few electrodes, though, and a device that resembles such a dressing could help translate into actions the thoughts of people who are paralysed. In 2008 a practical version will be shown to work and the first individuals will be recruited to try them for real. Paralysis is a breakdown in communication. The brain does not t0rget how to ride a bicycle. 41. ____________________________________. John Donoghue of Brown University in Rhode Island has been working on how to restore that link. He has shown that the technology he has developed works, albeit only for a handful of people who were prepared to endure having a tangle of wires dangling from their heads. In 2008 Mr. Donoghue and his colleagues will turn their device into something that looks like a hearing aid and whose use could become almost as routine. 42. ______________________________. When the nerve cell fires, this electrical activity will be picked up by the wire and conveyed to the silicon chip. 43. ____________________________________. Power will come via an inductive coil placed under the scalp and next to another on top of the scalp, which will be attached to a battery. This, and a computing unit worn on a belt, will be the only parts visible outside the body. Ultimately the team intends to implant the computer unit in the chest, connected to the brain by a fibre-optic cable. The researchers reckon their device will be able to direct a motorised wheelchair or move a robotic hand. But they also want to restore to paraplegics the use of their own bodies. 44. ______________________________. Connecting the two systems together would mimic the way in which the body normally works. But restoring useful movement to paraplegics involves more than making muscles work once more. It also means restoring a capability that most able-bodied people do not realise they have: the use of sensory feedback to fine-tune actions. 45. __________________________________________. In order to achieve this, in 2008 Mr. Donoghue and his colleagues will develop their system to run in reverse. Because the monkeys used in the tests will not be paralysed, the implant will not only broadcast what the brain is doing but also eavesdrop on what happens to the nerve cells when they are receiving information. This could then be mimicked in people. The idea is that paralysed people could operate, say, a robotic hand with sensors that collect information about the pressure and temperature they encounter and convey these data back to the brain. That is, the human brain will be stimulated to feel what the robot senses. Not bad for a device that looks like a sticking plaster.[A] The researchers will implant a silicon chip the size of a small button into the brains of monkeys. The chip will be fitted with an array of 100 thread-like gold wires, each of which will be attached to a nerve cell in the brain.[B] Hence their involvement with Hunter Peckham of Case Western Reserve University. He is developing a system which electrically stimulates muscles to make them move once again.[C] Years after paralysis has struck, the same nerve cells fire when someone is thinking about moving ; it is just that the rest of the body does not receive the message.[D] There are many kinds of sticking plasters, which are now in wide use in many countries. But sticking plasters are not very adequate to treat paraplegics and paralytics.[E] Reach out to pick up a cup of hot tea from a vending machine and, as your hand touches the cup, it subtly adjusts its grip so that enough strength is used to lift the cup without crushing it and burning your fingers.[F] The next step will be to transmit this information from the skull to the outside world. A second device will be attached to the silicon chip to do this. It will transmit data through the skin using pulses of infra-red light, just like a remote control.[G] A robotic hand is equipped with sensors, which are mainly used to collect related information and transmit it to the outside chip. Then this chip will process the message and inform the paraplegic to move his or her muscles.
填空题众所周知, the Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific Ocean.
填空题●Passage 1●
1. But the Idols of the Marketplace are the most troublesome of all: idols which have crept into the understanding through the alliances of words and names. For men believe that their reason governs words; but it is also true that words react on the understanding; and this it is that has rendered philosophy and the sciences sophistical and inactive.
●Passage 2●
2. I, John Faustus of Wittenberg, Doctor, by these presents do give both body and soul to Lucifer, Prince of the East...
●Passage 3●
3. To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly words, will separate between him and vulgar things.
●Passage 4●
4. Most Utopians, however, and among these all the wisest, believe nothing of the sort: the believe in a single power, unknown, eternal, infinite, inexplicable, far beyond the grasp of the human mind, and diffused throughout the universe, not physically, but in influence.
●Passage 5●
5. Nature, in its ministry to man, is not only the material, but is also the process and the result. All the parts incessantly work into each other"s hands for the profit of man. The wind sows the seed; the sun evaporates the sea; the wind blows the vapor to the field; the ice, on the other side of the planet, condenses rain on this; the rain feeds the plant; the plant feeds the animal; and thus the endless circulations of the divine charity nourish man.
●Passage 6●
6. The passions that build up our human Soul,
Not with the mean and vulgar works of man,
But with high objects, with enduring things,
With life and nature, purifying thus
The elements of feeling and of thought,
And sanctifying, by such discipline,
Both pain and fear; until we recognize
A grandeur in the beating of the heart.
●Passage 7●
7. Success is counted sweetest
By those who ne"er succeed.
To comprehend a nectar
Requires sorest need.
●Passage 8●
8. Of man"s first disobedience, and the fruit
Of that forbidden tree whose mortal taste
Brought death into the world, and all our owe,
With loss of Eden, till one greater Man
Restore us, and regain the blissful seat
●Passage 9●
9. It the censure of Yahoos could any way affect me, I should have great reason to complain that some of them are so bold as to think my book of travels a mere fiction out of mine own brain.
●Passage 10●
10. I told you in the course of this paper that Shakespeare had a sister; but do not look for her in Sir Sidney Lee"s life of the poet. She died young—alas, she never wrote a word. She lies buried where the omnibuses now stop, opposite the Elephant and Castle. Now my belief is that this poet who never wrote a word and was buried at the crossroads still lives. She lives in you and in me, and in many other women who are not here tonight, for they are washing up the dishes and putting the children to bed.
●Authors●
A. Christopher Marlowe
B. Emily Dickinson
C. Flannery O"Connor
D. Francis Bacon
E. John Milton
F. Jonathan Swift
G. Ralph Waldo Emerson
H. Sir Thomas More
I. T.S. Eliot
J. Virginia Woolf
K. William Shakespeare
L. William Wordsworth
填空题John: What' s wrong with your computer?Joan: ______
填空题Gold is ______ (little) useful than iron.
填空题
填空题Ive ______ my room so theres space for my new bookcase． 我把房间重新布置了一下，这样新书架就有地方放了。
填空题This is made of______material.(resist heat)
填空题Preference of people , their custom and tradition ______ a very important role in the packing of goods for consumption.
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填空题
填空题The nuclear family in China usually {{U}}consists of father, mother and their only child{{/U}}.
填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}In the following text, some sentences have been
removed. For Questions 41 - 45, choose the most suitable one from the list A - G
to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do
not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
(41)______ Through laziness and cowardice a large part of
mankind, even after nature has freed them from alien guidance, gladly remain
immature. It is because of laziness and cowardice that it is so easy for others
to usurp the role of guardians, It is so comfortable to be a minor! If I have a
book which provides meaning for me, a doctor who will judge my diet for me and
so on, then I do not need to exert myself. I do not have any need to think; if I
can pay, others will take over the tedious job for me. The guardians who have
kindly undertaken the supervision will see to it that by far the largest part of
mankind, including the entire "beautiful sex," should consider the step into
maturity, not only as difficult but as very dangerous.(42)______
It is difficult for the isolated individual to work himself out of the
immaturity which has become almost natural for him. He has even become fond of
it and for the time being is incapable of employing his own intelligence,
because he has never been allowed to make the attempt. Statues and formulas,
these mechanical tools of a serviceable use, or rather misuse, of his natural
faculties, are the ankle-chains of a continuous immaturity. Whoever threw it off
would make an uncertain jump over the smallest trench because he is not
accustomed to such free movement. Therefore there are only a few who have
pursued a firm path and have succeeded in escaping from immaturity by their own
cultivation of the mind. But it is more nearly possible for a
public to enlighten itself: this is even inescapable if only the public is given
its freedom. For there will always be some people who think for themselves, even
among, the self-appointed guardians of the great mass who, after having thrown
off the yoke of immaturity themselves, will spread about them the spirit of a
reasonable estimate of their own value and of the need for every man to think
for himself.(43)______. Through revolution, the abandonment
of personal despotism may be engendered and the end of profit-seeking and
domineering oppression may occur, but never a true reform of the state of mind.
Instead, new prejudices, just like the old ones, will serve as the guiding reins
of the great, unthinking mass. (44)______. But I hear people
clamor on all sides: Don't argue ! The officer says: Don't argue, drill! The tax
collector: Don't argue, pay! The pastor: Don't argue, believe!... Here we have
restrictions on freedom everywhere. Which restriction is hampering
enlightenment, and which does not, or even promotes it? I answer; The public use
of a man's reason must be free at all times, and this alone can bring
enlightenment among men. The question may now be put: Do we live
at present in an enlightened age'?(45)______.[A] All that is required
for this enlightenment is freedom; and particularly the least harmful of that
may be called freedom, namely, the freedom for man to make public use of his
reason in all matters.[B] Enlightenment is man's leaving his self-caused
immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one's intelligence without the
guidance of another. Such immaturity is self-caused if it is not caused by lack
of intelligence, but by lack of determination and courage to use one's
intelligence without being guided by another. Have the courage to use your
own intelligence! It is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment.[C] The
answer is: No, but in an age of enlightenment. Much still prevents men from
being placed in a position to use their own minds securely and well in matters
of religion. But we do have very definite indications that this field of
endeavor is being opened up for men to work freely and reduce gradually the
hindrances preventing a general enlightenment and an escape from self-caused
immaturity.[D] I call this soaring wealth and shrinking spirit "the American
paradox." More than ever, we have big houses and broken homes, high incomes and
low morale, secured rights and diminished civility. We excel at making a living
but often fail at making a life. We celebrate our prosperity but yearn for
purpose. We celebrate our freedoms but long for connection. In an age of plenty,
we feel spiritual hunger.[E] A public can only arrive at enlightenment
slowly.[F] After having made their domestic animals dumb and having
carefully prevented these quiet creatures from daring to take any step beyond
the lead-strings to which they have fastened them, these guardians then show
them the danger which threatens them, should they attempt to walk alone.
Now this danger is not really so very great; for they would presumably
learn to walk after some stumbling. However, an example of this kind intimidates
and frightens people out of all further attempts.[G] Attitudes about divorce
have dramatically changed. In the past, it was seen as the last resort of a
woman who had been beaten up or cheated on. Women were victims. Today many women
choose' to get divorced because they think they will have a better life as a
SINDI than by staying in a stale marriage. In 74 percent of eases it is
women who now instigate divorce proceedings.
填空题They will quite ______ squander a whole years savings on two weeks in the sun. (happy)
填空题Directions: Below is a summary of some of the main points of the passage. Read the summary and then select the best word or phrase .from the box below according to the passage. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. A porridge M storage life B malnutrition I sprouted grains C fermentation J inadequate food intake D new technology K acidity E contaminated food L unfermented food F diarrhoeal germs M weaning G traditional food N dough Malnutrition and the resulting impaired growth and development in children of weaning age in developing countries results not only from (18) but also from infections caused by contaminated food. Studies have addressed the problem of inadequate intake by using sprou- ted grains in food preparation. Contamination has been tackled with (19) . Both of these methods are, or were, used traditionally and are practical and inexpensive. Fermented foods have higher (20) and also have anti-microbial qualities. This means that contamination is decreased and that their (21) is increased. Fermentation occurs when (22) is left to stand, occasionally with simple additives. There is, however, a trend away from this (23) to commercial products.
填空题According to G Leech, ______meaning refers to logic, cognitive, or denotative content.(北二外2005研)
填空题Mrs．Brown，who ______ recently ______ general manager of our company，is one of the most capable women I have ever worked with．最近被任命为我们公司总经理的布朗夫人是和我一起工作过的最有能力的女人之一。
填空题All parts of I he house other than the windows were in good condition.
填空题
填空题
填空题Many educators are giving up traditional methods of teaching in favor of more ______． 许多教育工作者正在摒弃传统的教学方法，而垂青于更多的方法。
填空题
填空题The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don't come with an instruction manual. And each child is different.41)__________. To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. From infancy, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they gain more freedom to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to share them with.42)__________. But once they "leave the nest" at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not "tied to their mother's apron strings." 43)__________. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a friendship among equals. But contrary to popular belief, most adult Americans don't make their parents pay for room and board when they come to visit. Even as adults, they respect and honor their parents. 44)__________.Many Americans have strong feelings about which type of arrangement is best. Some argue that attending a day care center can be a positive experience for children. Others insist that mothers are the best caregivers for children. A number of women are now leaving the work force to become full-time homemakers. 45)__________.Many parents feel that an old-fashioned spanking helps youngsters learn what "No!" means. Others prefer alternate forms of discipline. For example, "time outs" have become popular in recent years. Children in "time out' have to sit in a corner or by a wall. They can get up only when they are ready to act nicely. Older children and teenagers who break the rules may be grounded, or not allowed to go out with friends. Some of their privileges at home--like TV or telephone use—may also be taken away for a while. Although discipline can' t fun for parents or children, it's a necessary part of training. Being a parent is a tall order. It takes patience, love, wisdom, courage and a good sense of humor to raise children (and not lose your sanity). Some people are just deciding not to have children at all, since they're not sure it's worth it, But raising children means training the next generation and preserving our culture. What could be worth more than that?A. The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat their children as individuals--not as extensions of them- selves. They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the confidence to succeed.B. So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not knowing what to do. But in raising children—as in all of life—what we do is influenced by our culture. Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American values.C. Disciplining children is another area that American parents have differing opinions about.D. Naturally, every parent wants their child to be safe, whether the child is online or on the school bus. And certainly if you suspect your child is involved in drugs, inappropriate relationships, or other dangerous situations, it' s your responsibility to step in and intervene using whatever tools are necessary.E. When they reach young adulthood, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. Of course, many young adults still seek their parents' advice and approval for the choices they make.F. Most young couples with children struggle with the issue of childcare. Mothers have traditionally stayed home with their children, In recent years, though, a growing trend is to put preschoolers in a day care center so Mom can work.G. Keep the family PC in an accessible part of the house where you can easily keep an eye on your children's activity, and limit the amount of time your kids spend online. Discuss some of the dangers of the Internet with older children, and make sure they understand that they should not provide personal information such as their name, address, or school to people they meet online, and they should never agree to meet an online acquaintance face to face without your permission.
填空题A. What about making it a little earlier B. I have no idea
C. Let"s go together D. Thank you all the same
E. Do you like basketball F. When and where shall we meet
G. What are you going to do H. It doesn"t matter
A: What do you plan to do this weekend?
B:
1
.
A: I hear there"s going to be a basketball match this Sunday. Tom and I are going to watch it.
2
?
B: Of course. Basketball is my favourite. But I have no ticket for the match. What a pity!
A: You"re lucky. I have some free tickets.
3
.
B: Great!
4
?
A: Let"s meet at the bus stop at half past five.
B: I think there must be a big crowd of people there.
5
?
A: OK. See you at five o"clock.
B: See you.
填空题A. Hold the line B. flight number C. ask a question
D. To New York E. May I have you name F. reconfirm my seat
G. please check in H. On May 11th
Reservations clerk: Northwind Airlines. Can I help you?
Daniel Adams: Hello. I"d like to
1
, please.
Reservations clerk: May I have your name and
2
, please?
Daniel Adams: My name is Daniel Adams and my flight number is 374.
Reservations clerk: When are you leaving?
Daniel Adams:
3
Reservations clerk: And your destination?
Daniel Adams: Buenos Aires.
Reservations clerk:
4
, please. (...)All right. Your seat is confirmed, Mr. Adams. You"ll be arriving in Buenos Aires at 4 o"clock p. m. local time.
Daniel Adams: Thank you. Can I pick up my ticket when I check in?
Reservations clerk: Yes, but
5
at least one hour before departure time.
填空题odor
填空题Congress ______ reforms to prevent the abuse of presidential power.
填空题The definition that "all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" was written by______in______.
填空题Red and green
light,
if mixing
,
in
the right proportion,
will give
us yellow.
A. Red and green
B. if mixing
C. in
D. will give
填空题If it should rain any longer, our crops ______ (be washed) away.
填空题He was
the only
one of the candidates
who
were
to
carry
out his campaign pledges.
填空题Where
did the accident
in which
your friend
was hurt
took place
?
A. Where
B. in which
C. was hurt
D. took place
填空题The last part in a sales contract is ______.
填空题A. I"ll say I did B. Wonderful
C. Yes, it was D. That"s a good idea
E. You"d better buy some fruit and sandwiches
F. What kind of fruit do you like G. How about 6 o"clock in the morning
H. I"ll be there
Jane: How do you like the idea of having a picnic this Saturday?
Michael:
1
. But where shall we go?
Jane: What about going to the Western Hill? It"s quite cool there.
Michael:
2
. Shall we invite John and his girlfriend to go with us?
Jane: OK. And we can ask them to prepare some drinks.
Michael: What should I do then?
Jane:
3
.
Michael:
4
?
Jane: I like oranges, watermelons, grapes, and bananas.
Michael: When shall we start off?
Jane:
5
? We can get there in an hour and a half.
Michael: OK. I"ll call John and tell him about our plan.
填空题
填空题Weather
permit
, the
Johnsons
will hold
open-air
garden party
.
填空题Author______Title______ And on that cheek, and o"er that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!
填空题{{U}}It was in time of crisis{{/U}} that I finally found out what he was really like.
填空题
填空题I dont want to ______ you．You must act on your own judgment． 我不想影响你。你必须依你自己的判断行事。
填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}In the following text, some sentences have been
removed. For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to
fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not
fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The maple smoke of autumn bonfires is incense to Canadians. Bestowing
perfume for the nose, color for the eye, sweetness for the spring tongue, the
sugar maple prompts this sharing of a favorite myth and original etymology of
the word maple. (2) The maple looms large in Ojibwa folk tales.
The time of year for sugaring-off is "in the Maple Moon." Among Ojibwa, the
primordial female figure is Nokomis, a wise grandmother. (3) 41.
__________. (4) Knowing this was a pursuit to the death, Nokomis
outsmarted the cold devils. She hid in a stand of maple trees, all red and
orange and deep yellow. This maple grove grew beside a waterfall whose mist
blurred the trees' outline. As they peered through the mist, slavering wendigos
thought they saw a raging fire in which their prey was burning.
(5)42. __________. (6) For their service in saving the
earth mother's life, these maples were given a special gift: their water of life
would be forever sweet, and Canadians would tap it for nourishment.
(7)43. __________. (8) The contention that maple syrup is
unique to North America is suspect, I believe. China has close to 10 species of
maple, more than any country in the world. Canada has 10 native species. North
America does happen to be home to the sugar maple, the species that produces the
sweetest sap and the most abundant flow. (9) But are we to
believe that in thousands of years of Chinese history, these inventive people
never tapped a maple to taste its sap? I speculate that they did.
(10)44. __________. (11) What is certain is the maple's
holdfast on our national imagination. Is leaf was adopted as an emblem in
New France as early as 1700, and in English Canada by the mid-19th century. In
the fall of 1867, a Toronto schoolteacher named Alexander Muir was traipsing at
street a the city, all squelchy underfoot from the soft felt of falling leaves,
when a maple leaf alighted to his coat sleeve and stuck there.
(12) The word "maple" is from "mapeltreow", the Old English term for maple
tree, with "mapl"--as its Proto-Germanic root, a compound in which the first "m"
--is, I believe, the nearly worldwide "ma", one of the first human sounds, the
pursing of a baby's lips as it prepares to suck milk from mother's breast.
The "ma" root gives rise in many world languages to thousands of words
like "mama", "mammary", "maia", and "Amazon." Here it would make "map!-" mean
"nourishing mother tree," that is, tree whose maple sap in nourishing.
(13)45. __________. [A] The second part of the compound,
"apl-", is a variant of Indo-European able "fruit of any tree" and the origin of
another English fruit word, apple. So the primitive analogy compares the
liquid sap with another nourishing liquid, mother's milk. [B] In
one tale about seasonal change, cannibal wendigos-creatures of evil-chased
through the autumn countryside old Nokomis, who was a symbol for female
fertility. Wendigos throve in icy cold. When they entered the bodies of
humans, the human heart froze solid. [C] Here wendigos represent
oncoming winter. They were hunting to kill and eat poor Nokomis, the warm
embodiment of female fecundity who, like the summer, has grown
old. [D] Could Proto-Americas who crossed the Bering land bridge
to populate the Americas have brought with them a knowledge of maple syrup? Is
there a very old Chinese phrase for maple syrup? Is maple syrup mentioned in
Chinese literature? For a non-reader of Chinese, such questions are daunting but
not impossible to answer. [E] Maple and its syrup flow sweetly
into Canadian humor. Quebeckers have developed a special love for such a
nutriment. [F] After it resisted several brushings-off, Muir
'joked to his walking companion that this would be "the maple leaf for ever!" At
home that evening, he wrote a poem and set it to music, in celebration of
Canada's Confederation. Muir's song, "The Maple Leaf Forever," was wildly
popular and helped fasten the symbol firmly to Canada. [G] But
it was only old Nokomis' being hidden by the bright red leaves of her friends,
the maples. And so, drooling ice and huffing frost, the wendigos left her and
sought easier prey.
填空题China is ______ with a long history of civilization. (bless)
填空题______ and ______ are two aspects of one mode of trade by which the inviter sends out an announcement of tender in order to call bidders to bid within the time limit.
填空题A: ____________ Will 300 dollars be enough for a minimum deposit?B: Definitely.
填空题English-Chinese Translation．Books are the best of things, well used: abused, among the worst. What is the right use? What is the one end which all means go to effect? They are for nothing but to inspire. I had better never see a book, than to be warped by its attraction clean out of my own orbit, and made a satellite instead of a system. The one thing in the world, of value, is the active soul. This every man is entitled to: this every man contains within him, although in almost all men obstructed and as yet unborn.
填空题Translate the following passage into chinese．(北京师范大学2007研，考试科目：英语语言文学)Telling stories is as basic to human beings as eating. More so, in fact, for while food makes us live, stories are what make our lives worth living. They are what make our condition human.This was recognized from the very beginnings of western civilization. Hesiod tells us how the founding myths were invented to explain how the world came to be and how we came to be in it. Myths were stories people told themselves in order to explain themselves to themselves and to others. But it was Aristotle who first developed this insight into a philosophical position when he argued, in his Poetics, that the art of storytelling—defined as the dramatic imitating and plotting of human action—is what gives us a shareable world.It is, in short, only when haphazard happenings are transformed into story, and thus made memorable over time, that we become full agents of our history. This becoming historical involves a transition from the flux of events into a meaningful social or political community—what Aristotle and the Greeks called a polis. Without this transition from nature to narrative, from time suffered to time enacted and enunciated, it is debatable whether a merely biological life could ever be considered a truly human one.
填空题The writer has c______ a great deal of material into just over 100 pages and presented it in a reasonably readable style.
填空题One expert {{U}}remarks{{/U}} that a computer with {{U}}so{{/U}} many tubes as the brain {{U}}has{{/U}} neurons {{U}}would require{{/U}} the Empire State Building to contain it.
A. remarks B. so C. has D. would require
填空题Author____Title____ He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have it.
填空题Why don't most people set and achieve personal goals, career goals and business goals? Goal setting is a positive, powerful practice when it ignites enthusiasm and provides clear direction. When practiced poorly, however, goal setting also has a serious downside which can undermine your success. Poor goal setting makes people upset, wastes their time and fosters confusion about where to concentrate actions and energy. How does such a potentially successful practice as goal setting, go wrong, so often? Goal setting, once executed poorly, thoughtlessly, or for the wrong reasons, can have a significant negative impact on both people and your organization business plan. Avoid these five misuses of a potentially positive, powerful practice: goal setting for personal goals, career goals and business goals. 41. Goal Setting Under Intimidation Sometimes intimidation brings driving force which stimulates staff members to go on, but usually it only incurs fears. Organizations often fail to achieve goals and strategic planning targets that are set top down, by executives who lack crucial information and are out of touch with staff challenges. The goals are unrealistic and they fail to consider organization resources and capabilities. Staff members don't believe that the rewards they will receive for goal accomplishment will equal the energy they invest to achieve them. Frequently, managers are intimidated when they fear job loss for failure. 42. Goals Intended to Impress, Not Guide Efforts William Hamilton says, "'During the roaring, crazy days of the dot. corn nineties, using goals to impress was commonplace, although organizations also utilized this technique long before the Internet arrived, in this process, management creates goals based on the desire to impress or mislead outside groups. " According to Hamilton, this process is, "also used to avoid serious analysis of the company and the marketplace. At the end of the time period, these goals can then be used by senior management to pass the buck and the blame for the failure to meet the goals. The first part of this article emphasized several problems with how organizations set goals. Additional potential problems with setting personal goals, career goals and business goals include the following. 43. Can't See Beyond One's Nose In an effort to meet the current period's goals, the long-term viability of the organization is put at risk. 44. Goal Setting Becomes About the Plan, Not the Execution Hamilton says a potential serious downside occurs when "the ratio of energy, time and creativity that goes into creating the goal outstrips (and comes out of the hide) of actually managing the product. " 45. Too Many Goals Make Nothing a Priority In my work with small and mid-sized manufacturing companies, I often find that people wear so many hats, they are overwhelmed with the sheer number of goals they are expected to meet. They don't know what is most important to accomplish next. In conclusion, goal setting is a positive, powerful, business practice when it tells your staff where you are going. Effective goal setting also demonstrates what success will look like during the journey and upon arrival. When practiced poorly, however, goal setting can negatively impact your organization in all the ways described, and more.[A] Such as: take a big dream, like "I want to be famous", and break it down into more steps, like "! want to star in a science fiction movie", "I want to go to three auditions a week", "I want to move to L. A. " and "I want to save $5000 so I can move".[B] Such as: use expensive promotions that actually generate less in sales than they cost or push expenses into the future, rather than accounting for them when incurred.[C] To internal staff members, who were often unconvinced and unmoved by the unrealistic, "' show goals", senior management's actions produced serious morale and competency-questioning issues. To staff members who bought into the euphoria, failure to achieve the goals was a deadly downward spiral.[D] A former Siebel Systems executive says, "My nightmare goal setting story of all time was how Siebel set sales goals for its District Managers: everyone's quota was $ 3. 5 million. There, no more thought needed to go into it, no discussion--just do it or you're fired ! So the District Manager calling on Citibank had the same quota as the District Manager calling on the States of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. As a result no one succeeded.[E] In one small manufacturing company, a management group decided to use Gantt charts to track goal accomplishment. After starting with a huge investment of time in making the charts for all of their goals, the management group soon abandoned the charting. When questioned later, they affirmed that the charting was taking too much of the time they needed to accomplish the goals.[F] I once facilitated a strategic planning session during which people analyzed and established priorities. They moved non-priority items to a "B" list and believed they had successfully created an "A" list of the most important, achievable goals. You can imagine my consternation when, at the end of the session, the senior manager looked at the list of goals on the "B" list and said, "These are all givens. We have to accomplish these anyway. "
填空题这个沙发一拉开,就可变成床. (to convert into).
填空题Translate the following passage into Chinese．(两南财经大学2007研，考试科目：翻译与写作)Populations increase and decrease relatively not only to one another, but also to natural resources. In most parts of the world, the relation between population and resources is already unfavorable and will probably become even more unfavorable in the future. This growing poverty in the midst of growing poverty constitutes a permanent menace not only to peace but also to democratic institutions and personal liberty, for over-population is not compatible with freedom. An unfavorable relationship between numbers and resources tends to make the earning of a living almost intolerably difficult. Labor is more abundant than goods and the individual is compelled to work long hours for little pay. No surplus of accumulated purchasing power stands between him and the tyrannies of unfriendly nature or of the equally unfriendly wielders of political and economic power. Democracy is, among other things, the ability to say "no" to the boss. But a man cannot say "no" to the boss, unless he is sure of being able to eat when the boss"s favor has been withdrawn. He can not be certain of his next meal unless he owns the means of producing enough wealth for his family to live on, or has been able to accumulate a surplus out of past wages, or has a chance of moving to virgin territories, where he can make a fresh start. In an overcrowded country, very few people own enough to make them financially independent, very few are in a position to accumulate purchasing power, and there is no free land. Moreover, in any country where population presses hard upon natural resources, the general economic situation is apt to be so precarious that government control of capital and labor, production and consumption becomes inevitable. It is no accident that the twentieth century should be the century of highly centralized government and totalitarian dictatorships. It had to be so for the simple reason that the twentieth century is the century of planetary overcrowding.
填空题As the seven-day conference is ______，the chairman is busy preparing his closing speech． 当七天的会议接近尾声时，主席正在忙着准备他的闭幕词。
填空题She said she was not ______ to be my wife. (worth)
填空题我很高兴受到邀请参加宴会。
填空题Cathy: ______.Jake: Good luck!
填空题从理论上讲, every person will have access to an unlimited amount of information.
填空题
填空题A. I am awfully sorry. B. Not at all. C. It's my pleasure. D. No, of course not. E. Coffee, please. F. You don't look well. G. But he panned to. H. Take it easy.
填空题子曰：“君子不重则不威，学则不固。主忠信。无友不如己者。过则勿惮改。”
填空题In time, {{U}}it became an accepted fact that{{/U}} the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.
填空题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}}
{{U}}At two minutes to noon in September 1 of 1923, the great clock in Tokyo
stopped. (82) Tokyo Bay shook as if huge rug had been pulled from under it. (83)
Towered, above the bay, the 4000-meter Mount Fuji stood above a deep trench in
the sea. (84) It was from this trench where the earthquake came{{/U}} at a
magnitude of 8.3 on the Richter scale. Huge waves swept over the
city. (85) {{U}}Boats were driven inland, and buildings and people were dragged
out sea.{{/U}} (86) {{U}}The tremors dislodged part of a hillside, which gave way,
brushing trains, stations and bodies the wafer below.{{/U}} (87) {{U}}Three massive
shocks wrecked the of Tokyo and Yokohama{{/U}} and, during the next six hours,
there were more than 100 aftershocks. The casualties were
enormous, but there were also some lucky survivors. (88) {{U}}The most
remarkably was a woman who was having a bath in her room at the Tokyo Grand
Hotel.{{/U}} (89) {{U}}As for the hotel collapsed, she and her bath gracefully
descended to the street,{{/U}} (90) {{U}}leave both her and the bath water
intact.{{/U}}
填空题In the savage fighting，German itself was laid waste，the towns and countryside were devastated and ravished，the people decimated．
填空题I regret ______ (inform)you that you are dismissed．
填空题Larry thanked the hostess and said he ______ the dinner party very much． 拉里谢了女主人，说他非常喜欢这个晚宴聚会。
填空题______seeks to ascertain the global integrated system of conceptual structuring in language.
填空题Author______Title______ Sophocles long ago Heard it on the Aegean, and it brought Into his mind the turbid ebb and flow Of human misery; we Find also in the sound a thought, Hearing it by this distant northern sea.
填空题根据中文提示，将对话中缺少的内容写在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句；打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：Alice得知Bill最近住院，问Bill发生了什么事。听说Bill房间失火，Alice感到遗憾。Bill说失火是由于熄灯后，John点燃了蜡烛，要继续阅读，但后来他却睡着了，随后，他的床着了火，他本人严重受伤，现在仍然住院。
Alice: Where have you been these days? Bill: In the
hospital. Alice: In the hospital?{{U}} (51)
{{/U}}? Bill: Didn't you know that our room caught fire last
Sunday evening? Alice: Oh, really?{{U}} (52) {{/U}}. But
what caused the fire? Bill: Well, the light in our room was
turned off at 10:30 as usual. John lit a candle{{U}} (53) {{/U}}.
Unluckily he fell asleep with the candle still burning beside him.{{U}} (54)
{{/U}}. Alice: Oh, my God! How was John?
Bill: He was badly burnt{{U}} (55) {{/U}}. Alice:
Was he the only one burnt? Bill: No. There were two more,
including me.
填空题两天的行程(步行)
填空题The tree，______，is more than twenty meters in height． 据我估计，这棵树有20多米高。
填空题
填空题aw
ar
d
填空题Morning and afternoon sessions were mainly taken ______ with the business of the Union.
填空题Messages
that
we are not
direct
aware
of
are
often the most powerful.
A. that
B. direct
C. aware
D. are
填空题Chinese-English Translation．(四川大学2011研，考试科目：英语专业基础) 自然环境塑造文化。人、自然环境和文化相互影响，构成一个互动的三角。人有自我意识，有主观能动性，且高于自然，有智慧，甚至可以说“人为万物之灵”。人作用于自然之上而创造文化，可是他永远不能游离于自然而置身其外。相对可以说，人在生物圈中只不过是微小的一部分，他受到相当程度的制约和束缚。他只能顺应自然，在其限定的范围内发挥作用，而他所创造的文化也要受到物质世界的制约。
填空题41)___________. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation—conversion of liquid water to water vapor in this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind. The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. 42) ___________. Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. 43) ___________. A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. 44) ___________. In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctic, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. 45) ___________.[A] The water in the oceans only leaves by evaporating (and the freezing of polar ice), but the salt remains dissolved in the ocean—it does not evaporate.[B] Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.[C] If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place.[D] Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.[E] This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper, portions of the oceans of the world.[F] The salinity (salt content) of ocean water varies. One cubic foot of average sea water contains 2.2 pounds of salt.[G] Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.
填空题As a ______ pilot, he tried his best to control the plane and landed on the airport ______ .(skill)
填空题This
equipment
is
based upon
advanced
techniques
and it is
highly reliable
.
填空题A. They drink coffee and chat.
B. There is always a special room for people boiling coffee.
C. Many of them take coffee back to their desk and keep on working.
A: Grace, how do you know about coffee?
B: Coffee is the usual drink now. Many joint-ventures companies in Beijing allow their staff a "coffee time" and
1
.
A: Can you tell me some detail about the "coffee time"?
B: Yes. In companies, employees are allowed to have coffee breaks twice a day. They are often in the morning and mid afternoon. People use the 15 minutes to relax.
2
.
A: So they have a rest in both the morning and the afternoon?
B: Yes. But because of the heavy pressure of work,
3
.
A: Oh, are there any other drinks for them?
B: Besides, Americans like tea, cola, milk and other soft drinks. In summer, the ice tea and ice coffee are widely drunk.
A: Can we say that the westerners like coffee as same as our Chinese like tea?
B: Yes, what you said is absolutely right!
填空题Roger: What does your sister-in-law do?Cindy: ______
填空题Some people {{U}}are fed up with modern city life{{/U}} and have moved to the country.
填空题Cindy: If you don't like where you're living, why don't just move? Joe: ______
填空题Briefly answer the following questions.(北京航空航天大学2009研，考试科目：综合英语)What are the aims of Translation Studies? Please explain from at least three points.
填空题Indian
填空题Owing ______ unusual shortage of stock, this offer is made, subject to the goods being unsold.
填空题We're going to change our suppliers as they have become very ______ in the last year. (rely)
填空题A．Pick up the local paper
B．Save from the first place
C．Use a guidebook--your own
D．Pick up the phone
E．Choose cheap countries
F．Download magazines from web
G．Splurge when it matters
You"ve mastered the art of modem-travel savings: Your airfare alerts are set up on Kayak; you flit around Europe on cheap carriers like EasyJet. You stay in apartments rented through Airbnb. You could probably shave a few more cents off travel costs by downloading five new apps and bookmarking 10 new sites. But real savings will come to those who go retro by stepping away from the screen, or using it differently, to find old-fashioned tactics that can save you big. Here are some old-school tips for getting the most out of your travel buck.
1
We think we can get everything done online these days, but sometimes a simple phone call is your best bet for saving money. Speak with an innkeeper and learn of potential discounts on extended stays or information on how to get there from the airport by public transit. Contact the specific location where you"ll pick up your rental car and reserve a compact to avoid getting "upgraded" to a bigger vehicle that will increase (sometimes even double) your gas costs. Call travel agencies that strike special deals with airlines to get your prices below anything you"ll find online.
2
Goodbye Norway, hello Bolivia. Or as a blogger put it, "Cheapest dorm bed in Zurich=nice room in Bangkok." Extrapolate that to tour guides, museum entries, food and more, and the savings start to add up. Of course, keep in mind how much it will cost you to get there in the first place. Luckily, a lot of the cheaper countries are also cheap to fly to; another blogger put together a list of 10 "Cheap Places to Travel on the U.S. Dollar," which includes Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Peru, Hun gary and Romania.
3
Most travelers will never be across-the-board cheapskates. Street food, nosebleed-theater seats and bunk beds are not for everyone. But you don"t have to be a purist. For each trip, decide on a themed "waste" or two—transportation, food, arts, lodging—and save on the rest.
4
No listings are more up-to-the-minute than Friday arts supplements, alternative weeklies or the local editions of
Time Out magazine.
Get them on actual paper while they last. You"ll not only find the nontouristy scene laid out for you in one handy package, but often come across coupons or specials you certainly won"t find on Yelp.
5
I still carry a travel guide around when I travel—as backup, if nothing else. But those books are pricey, and there"s so much free information online that, with a little copying and pasting (and printing out), you can come pretty close to matching them with your own bespoke travel guide. So, in a retro twist, no Wi-Fi needed.
填空题
填空题Nearly half of the ______ audience had left the meeting before the ______ address． 几乎有一半厌烦了的观众在致大会闭幕辞前就离开了会场。
填空题Although Professor Green's lectures usually ran {{U}}over{{/U}} the {{U}}fifty-minute{{/U}} period, {{U}}but none{{/U}} of his students {{U}}ever{{/U}} objected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting.
A. over B. fifty- minute C. but none D. ever
填空题The price of elevator is somewhat higher than expected.