填空题Two men fight a duel in the border region of England and Scotland and the loser causes more shame than pain to his aged father with his loss because his loss is considered not a loss of his own but a loss of the nation. Answer; "______" by______

填空题他的威信与自信使他成为一个杰出的领导。

填空题Directions: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column.There are two extra choices in the fight column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET. "The great manufacturers in the Yorkshire and Lancashire districts tell me that, under modern conditions, they have got into the habit of laying in supply not for a period of two to five months but they are dependent week by week on the importation of the raw material." So Sir George Parkin described the alarming business practices found in Britain at the dawn of the 20th century. As a leader of the Imperial Federation League, he sought to replace the British empire with a bigger group of trading partners, so as to guarantee supplies. A hundred years on, Sir George would have marveled at globalization, but been aghast that today's manufactures measure their inventories in only a few hours of production. The great manufacturers now have amazingly lean operations. They have outsourced business to contractors that can do the work more efficiently, often in places where wages are lower. A huge logistics (物流) industry has sprung up to move stuff around the world at dazzling speed. Containerization (集装箱运输) has slashed the cost of shipping. Express air-freight has made overnight delivery possible to most places on earth. Moreover, such services are within the grasp not just of the supply departments of giant multinationals but also of anyone trading on eBay from the spare bedroom. The logistics business is one of the marvels of commerce, but it is not without its risks. Supply chains have become ever more complex and extended. Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too. If one link of a company's supply chain snaps, the consequences can be grave. Ericsson and Nokia found this out when they both relied on the same supplier for a special chip in their mobile phones. After the chipmaker's factory was hit by lightning, Nokia swiftly locked up all the alternative supplies whereas Ericsson suffered a severe parts shortage and later quit making handsets on its own. A company's best protection from its own supply chain is to expect failure, not to hide from it. Toyota last year narrowly escaped a parts shortage when an American supplier went bankrupt. The carmaker has now introduced an early-warning system in Europe to try to detect any looming problems with suppliers before they bring production lines to a halt. The good news is that many companies are now trying to identify the choke points and weak links in their supply chains. What about Sir George's concern—the wider threat to national economies? With so many people worrying about oil supplies and a bird-flu epidemic, the prospect of supply chains collapsing around the world can seem a scary idea. It shouldn't be. There are a few industries where it makes sense for governments to keep some emergency stocks of a few essentials such as energy, munitions and medicines. But the logistical disruption is not a good way for politicians to think about everyday life, let alone to start interfering in markets. Natural disasters are not, in fact, a common cause of supply-chain disruptions. Most are the result of humdrum internal problems, like bad planning or the choice of an unreliable subcontractor. That can be terrible for a particular company, but hardly poses a threat to society at large. After all, if Ericsson and Nokia cannot supply you with a mobile phone, Samsung would be only too happy to get one to you tomorrow. A. be free from the interference of markets. B. make supply chains increasingly intricate and lengthy. C. some manufacturers and service companies outsource their core business to contractors for more profit. D. they outsource business to contractors that can do the work more efficiently. E. a company should try to identify any potential problems with suppliers in advance. F. pose a threat to society at large. G. the logistics business is not without its risks.

填空题Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone (51) making mistakes. It is actually caused by (52) of your "body clock"—a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological (53) .The body clock is designed for a (54) rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when i (55) daylight and darkness at the "wrong'' times in a new time zone. The (56) of jetlag often persist for days (57) the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is (58) that is based on proven (59) pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has (60) a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone (61) controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates (62) of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either (63) or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule (64) light exposure depends a great deal on (65) travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual's sleep (66) are used to produce a Trip Guide with (67) on exactly when to be exposed to bright light. When the Trip Guide calls (68) bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark out-side, or the weather is bad, (69) you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light (70) for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.

填空题Now，weve arranged that you will ravel as a ______ couple． “我们已经安排好了你们作为新婚夫妇的旅游。”

填空题The ______ typist had to retype the letter three times． 这个不称职的打字员把信重打了三遍。

填空题ENGLISH-CHINESE TRANSLATION．(南京农业大学2008研，考试科目：英汉互译)Since the company would not desire applicants who do not have a good profile, it is important that an application form sent to a prospective applicant should request clear information about such things as the applicant"s age, qualifications and work experience as well as references from other individuals who know the applicant well.This information assists the company"s management in making a final decision on those applicants they can shortlist for an interview.The staff conducting an interview together are called an "interview panel" , who, prior to the interview, carefully review the job descriptions, personnel specifications, and applications. To help the panel in their selection, an interview assessment form is often used during the interview when each applicant is checked according to a number of criteria indicated on the form.

填空题interviewee addressee employee escapee trainee divorcee devotee retiree

填空题At Yale University, some ten students live off campus in a cooperative home they call the Green House.41)__________. Late at night, they drive to the store and quietly jump into its car-sized dumpster, picking out unopened packages of still fresh food. They find milk, eggs, bread and cookies, chocolate, soup, vegetables, even frozen pizzas and soymilk. Not only are most Green House residents vegetarian, but they are also moderate freegans, meaning that they eat mainly what they can get for free. These students, of course, are trying to leave as small an "ecological footprint" as possible. 42)__________. Across America other devout environmentalists tire "off the grid", building shacks in the wilderness without running water or electricity. Frustrated with environmental destruction and waste, they have renounced the system that fosters and perpetuates it. Such ascetic anti-consumerism may be the most dramatic side of environmentalism, and it leads to cultural ferment that can set into motion political and economic change. Its practitioners focus on personal sacrifice, hoping that their ideals and asceticism will spread like a religion. 43)__________. Our political and economic systems are deeply immature. Environmentalists need m spend just as much energy organizing political and economic environmentalism. Also, old-fashioned environmentalism often assumes that business is opposed to environmental protection. In fact, thousands of US companies are discovering, often with the help of energy consultants, how much money they have to stand from becoming environmentally efficient: saving energy and recycling within industry. The recent book Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution by Paul Hawkenetal now translated into Chinese, should get some of the credit for bringing about this transformation in attitudes. Paradoxically, the US is both the birthplace of global environmentalism and the world's biggest environmental spender. Romanticism, the European and American literary and artistic movement that found God in the wilderness, had a strong long term impact on American thinking, starting in the middle third of the 19th century. In particular, renewed attention to the essays of Henry David Thoreau (1817-62) helped launch modern environmentalism a century after his death.44)__________Why the discrepancy? Most environmental damage cannot be boiled down to the choices made by individuals. Rather, individuals are locked into a system in which heavy industry commits the majority of ecological crimes, buttressed by an economic system that squanders natural resources. The government gives away mining rights and opens public forests to loggers practically for free——and big business spends millions of dollars to make sure politicians keep on doing so.45)__________.For many environmental problems, the solution is organized political pressure and entrepreneurial innovation.A. At times, the moral conviction and worldview of the Green House appear as all encompassing as a religious faith. Green House inmates live in the most environmentally "pious" way one could conceive of in the city.B. But effective environmentalism requires more than words, more than cultural change. It requires legal and economic reform. It demands historically unprecedented policies incorporating the value of cherished natural resources in market calculations. It calls for new organizations and entrepreneurial commitment. Anyone have any ideas?C. But one drawback of focusing environmentalist energy on abstaining from personal consumption is that such an approach can distract people from the larger muses of environmental destruction, which cannot be affected by individual choices to consume or not to consume.D. Other government subsidies support several filthy industries. While the government pays for new freeways, thus subsidizing automobiles, it ignores trains and bus networks. Polluters don' t pay the real cost of externalities such as toxic waste and air and water pollution.E. They recycle cans, bottles and paper meticulously, sorting them into the bins collected by municipal trucks in American cities. They reuse "grey water", meaning that they plug the drain when they shower and then use buckets to flush the toilet with the old soapy water. To prevent food from going to waste, they even get most of their groceries out of the trash of an upscale grocery store.F. We should recall, however, that environmentalists have often been fobbed off with token gestures, idle talk and unimplemented treaties. Even President Bush, who has the worst environmental record of any American president so far, has mastered the art of (largely empty) environmentalist rhetoric.G. Yet today America, with only 596 of the world's population, produces 2496 of global carbon dioxide emissions. The US, like many other rich countries, has cleaned up its air and water, but it is still the biggest contributor to the greatest environmental threat ever global climate chang

填空题Allen Ginsberg"s ______(1956), William S. Burroughs"s Naked Lunch(1959)and Jack Kerouac"s On the Road(1957)are considered to be the literary representatives of the______of the 1950s.

填空题 disapproval　　that　　nor A. influence choices by voicing 1 of someone B. interclass marriages are neither rare 2 shocking C. the fact 3 they are restricted by fewer prejudices than their parents This is due in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually 4 they consider unsuitable. However, marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the greater mobility of today"s youth and 5 . Many young people leave their home towns to attend college, serve in the armed forces, or pursue a career in a bigger city. Once away from home and family, they are more likely to date and marry outside their own social group. In mobile American society, 6 . Interfaith marriages are on the rise particularly between Protestants and Catholics. On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon. It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and raise a family. Marriages between people of different national origin (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here since colonial times.

填空题It is believed that the car the police found at the parking lot of the airport terminal ______ the gunman.

填空题In this dialectical synthesis, Gothic art represents the unique interaction of worldly limitations and the______flight of the soul.(hamper)

填空题As a woman writer, Virginia Woolf finds expression of her feminism in the form of the novel. According to critics, her novel____can best present her feminist consciousness.

填空题他不精通数学。