填空题[A]ABBCtelevisionserieshasraisedthequestionofwhethercatsshouldbekeptindoorsatnight.Wildlifeexpertssaykeepingcatslockedupfromdusktodawnwillpreventmuchofthecarnagetheycreate,andwillalsomeantheyarelesslikelytoberunover.MammalexpertProfessorSteveHarris,fromBristolUniversity,said,"Themessageisclear,mostpeopleareheartilysickofhavingtheirneighbors'catsintheirgardens".[B]Eventoday,someviewtheblackcatasanomenofmisfortune.EventheEnglishlanguageisstackedagainstthemoggy.Spitefulpeoplearedubbedasbeing"catty".Araucouscryisa"caterwaul".Atwork,agreedy,lazybossisa"fatcat".[C]AnewsurveyintheUKindicatesthatcatscomesecondonlytoratsasthelatestfavorite,mammaltovisitourgardens.TheUK's10millioncatshavehaditroughoflate,drawingharshcriticismbecauseoftheirbloodlustandhabitofviewingthendtion'sgardensastheirownpersonaltoilets.[D]ThoughtheanimalsaretheUK'sfavoritepets,Britishgardenershavestruckbackbycrowningthecatasoneofthemostunwelcomevisitorstotheirplots--votingthemonlyslightlymorepopularthanratsinthenewpoll.[E]TheMammalSociety,whichconductedthesurveysayscatscutaswathethroughthenation'swildlife,killingaround300millionanimalseveryyear."Catsaresolitarypredatoryhunter.Peopleaskwhytheykillwhentheyareclearlywell-fed--butacat'smotivationtohuntisquiteseparatefromitsdesiretosatisfyhunger."Evenwithafullstomach,acatcannotresistthestimuliofpreypassingnearby,saysMs.Heath,authorofWhyDoesMyCat."ltdoesn'tmakesenseforacattowaituntilit'shungrytocatchfood--theremaybenonearoundthen.Bettertohuntwhenthere'stheopportunityandhidethefoodaway."[F]But,tobefair,theBritishcan'thatecatsthatmuch.ArecentreportfoundthatthegenerosityoftheBritishtowardsthecathascausedoneinfourofthecreaturestobecomeclinicallyobese.[G]Britain'sgardenershaverevealedoneoftheirgreatestpethates--otherpeople'scats.Okay,they'resadisticmurderers,butisitfairthatcatshavebeenratedasbeingasdetestableasratsinapollofBritishgardeners?Order:

填空题Multimedia 多媒体 More Usage Likely To Immediately Make Every Day Into Another[1] On Multimedia Applications Definition Multimedia—the combination of text, animated graphics, video, and sound—presents information in a way that is more interesting and easier to grasp than text alone. It has been used for education at all levels, ibb training, and games by the entertainment industry. It is becoming more readily available as the price of personal computers and their accessories declines. Multimedia as a human-computer interface was made possible some half-dozen years ago by the rise of affordable digital technology[2]. Previously, multimedia effects were produced by computer-controlled analogy devices[3], like videocassette recorders, projectors, and tape recorders. Digital technologys exponential decline in price and increase in capacity has enabled it to overtake analogy technology. The Internet is the breeding ground for multimedia ideas and the delivery vehicle of multimedia objects to a huge audience[4]. This paper reviews the uses of multimedia, the technologies that support it, and the larger architectural and design issues. Introduction Nowadays, multimedia generally indicates a rich sensory interface[5] between humans and computers or computer-like devices—an interface that in most cases gives the user control over the pace and sequence of the information. We all know multimedia when we see and hear it, yet its precise boundaries elude us. For example, movies on demand, in which a viewer can select from a large library of videos and then play, stop, or reposition the tape or change the speed,[6] are generally considered multimedia. However, watching the movie on a TV set attached to a VCR[7] with the same abilities to manipulate the play is not considered multimedia. Unfortunately, we have yet to find a definition that satisfies all experts. Recent multimedia conferences, such as the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems[8], ACM Multimedia[9], and Multimedia Computing and Networking[10], provide a good start for identifying the components of multimedia. The range of multimedia activity is demonstrated in papers on multimedia authoring (i. e. specification of multimedia sequences), user interfaces, navigation (user choices), effectiveness of multimedia in education, distance learning, video conferencing, interactive television, video on demand, virtual reality[11], digital libraries, indexing and retrieval, and support of collaborative work. The wide range of technologies is evident on papers on disk scheduling[12], capacity planning, resource management, optimization, networking, switched Ethernet LANs[13], ATM[14] networking, quality of service in networks, MPEG[15] encoding, compression, caching, buffering, storage hierarchies, video servers, video file systems, machine classification of video scenes, and Internet audio and video. Multimedia systems need a delivery system to get the multimedia objects to the user. Magnetic and optical disks[16] were the first media for distribution. The Internet, as well as the Transmission Control Protocol/lnternet Protocol (TCP/IP)[l7] protocol suite or Net BIOS[18] on isolated or campus LANs[19], became the next vehicles for distribution. The rich text and graphics capabilities of the World Wide Web browsers are being augmented with animations, video, and sound. Internet distribution will be augmented by distribution via satellite, wireless, and cable systems. General Uses and Applications Multimedia applications are primarily existing applications that can be made less expensive or more effective using multimedia technology. In addition, new, speculative applications, like movies on demand, can be created with the technology. We present here a few of these applications. 1. Home applications ① Video on demand Video on demand (VOD), also called movies on demand, is a service that provides movies on an individual basis to television sets in peoples homes. The movies are stored in a central server and transmitted through a communication network. A set-top box (STB)[20] connected to the communication network converts the digital information to analog and inputs it to the TV set. The viewer uses a remote control device[21] to select a movie and manipulate play through start, stop, rewind, and visual fast forward buttons. The capabilities are very similar to renting a video at a store and playing it on a VCR. The service can provide indices[22] to the movies by title, genre, actors, and director. VOD differs from pay per view[23] by providing any of the services movies at any time. Instead of requiring that, all purchasers of a movie watch its broadcast at the same time. Enhanced pay per view, also a broadcast system, shows the same movie at a number of staggered starting times. ② Home shopping and information systems Services to the home that provide video on demand will also provide other, more interactive, home services. Many kinds of goods and services can be sold in this way. The services will help the user navigate through the available material to plan vacations, renew drivers licenses, purchase goods, etc. ③ Networked games The same infrastructure that supports home shopping could be used to temporarily download video games with graphic-intensive functionality to the STB, and the games could then be played for a given period. Groups of people could play a game together, competing as individuals or working together in teams. Action games would require a very fast, or low-latency, network. 2. Video conferencing Currently, most video conferencing is done between two specially set-up rooms. In each room, one or more cameras are used, and the images are displayed on one or more monitors. Text, images, and motion video are compressed and sent through telephone lines. Recently, the technology has been expanded to allow more than two sites to participate. Videoconferences can also be connected through LANs or the Internet. In time, videoconferences will be possible from the home. 3. Education A wide range of individual educational software employing multimedia is available on CD-ROM. One of the chief advantages of such multimedia applications is that the sequence of material presented is dependent upon the students responses and requests. Multimedia is also used in the classroom to enhance the educational experience and augment the teacher,s work. Multimedia for education has begun to employ servers and networks to provide for larger quantities of information and the ability to change it frequently. ① Distance learning Distance learning is a variation on education in which not all of the students are in the same place during a class. Education takes place through a combination of stored multimedia presentations, live teaching[24], and participation by the students. Distance learning involves aspects of both teaching with multimedia and video conferencing. ② Just-in-time training Another variation on education, called just-in-time training, is much more effective because it is done right when it is needed. In an industry context, this means that workers can receive training on PCs at their own workplaces at the time of need or of their choice. This generally implies storing the material on a server and playing it through a wide-area network or LAN. 4. Digital libraries Digital libraries are a logical extension of conventional libraries, which house books, pictures, tapes, etc. Material in digital form can be less expensive to store, easier to distribute, and quicker to find. Thus, digital technology can save money and provide better capabilities. The Vatican[25] Library has an extraordinary collection of 150,000 manuscripts, including early copies of works by Aristotle[26], Dante[27], Euclid[28], Homer[29], and Virgil[30]. However, only about 2000 scholars a year are able to physically visit the library in Rome. Thus, the IBM Vatican Library Project, which makes digitized copies of some of the collection available to scholars around the world, is a very valuable service, especially if the copies distributed are of high quality. 5. Virtual reality Virtual reality provides a very realistic effect through sight and sound, while allowing the user to interact with the virtual world. Because of the ability of the user to interact with the process, realistic visual effects must be created on the fly[31]. 6. Telemedicine Multimedia and telemedicine can improve the delivery of health care in a number of ways. Digital information can be centrally stored, yet simultaneously available at many locations. Physicians can consult with one another using videoconference capabilities, where all can see the data and images, thus bringing together experts from a number of places in order to provide better care. Multimedia can also provide targeted education and support for the patient and family. Notes [1] 此处将各个单词的第一个字母组合后，即可拼出multimedia，意为多媒体。 [2] digital technology数字技术。 [3] ...computer-controlled analogy devices...计算机控制的模拟装置。 [4] The Internet is the breeding ground for multimedia ideas and the delivery vehicle of multimedia objects to a huge audience．因特网是多媒体技术这一思维的繁殖地，同时，网络又是把多媒体对象传送给诸多观众的工具。 [5] a rich sensory interface感官丰富的界面。 [6] 此分句为插入语，本句主语是movies on demand。 [7] VCR videocassette recorder录像机。 [8] International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems多媒体处理及系统国际会议。 [9] ACM Multimedia美国计算机学会多媒体(大会)。其中，ACM是Association for Computing Machinery的缩写，指美国计算机学会。 [10] Multimedia Computing and Networking多媒体处理与网络。 [11] virtual reality虚拟现实。 [12] disk scheduling磁盘列表。 [13] Ethernet LANs以太局域网，其中LANs见本课注解[19]。 [14] ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode异步传输模式。 [15] MPEG Moving Picture Expert Group运动图像专家组。 [16] optical disk光盘。 [17] TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol传输控制协议/网间协议。 [18] BIOS Basic Input Output System基本输入输出系统。 [19] LANS Local Area Networks局域网。 [20] set-top box(STB)置顶盒，机顶盒。 [21] remote control device遥控装置。 [22] indices index的复数形式。 [23] pay per view每看一次收一次费。 [24] live teaching现场教学。此处live为形容词；live也可作为副词，表示“实况地”。例如： A performance was telecast live．(演出电视实况转播)。 [25] Vatican梵蒂冈，罗马教廷。 [26] Aristotle亚里斯多德(公元前384—前322年，古希腊哲学家)。 [27] Dante但丁(意大利诗人，1265—1321)。 [28] Euclid欧几里得(古希腊数学家)。 [29] Homer荷马(古希腊诗人)。 [30] Virgil维吉尔(古罗马诗人)。 [31] on the fly在飞行中，有动感的。

填空题You think I"m joking? No! I"m in dead______.(earn)

填空题______ intellectual

填空题我们对自己认识得越充分，越容易将我们的潜力充分发挥出来。

填空题I asked what my ______ salary was. (monthly)

填空题Some (research) suggests (what) there is a (link between) the body"s calcium balance (and) tooth decay. A. research B. what C. link between D. and

填空题Even if we could make it impossible for people to commit crimes, should we? Or would doing so improperly deprive people of their freedom? This may sound like a fanciful concern, but it is an increasingly real one. The new federal transportation bill, for example, authorized funding for a program that seeks to prevent the crime of drunken driving not by raising public consciousness or issuing stiffer punishments — but by making the crime practically impossible to commit. (41)______ The Dadss program is part of a trend toward what I call the "perfect prevention" of crime: depriving people of the choice to commit an offense in the first place. The federal government's Intelligent Transportation Systems program, which is creating technology to share data among vehicles and road infrastructure like traffic lights, could make it impossible for a driver to speed or run a red light. (42)______ Such technologies force us to reconcile two important interests. On one hand is society's desire for safety and security. On the other hand is the individual's right to act freely. Conventional crime prevention balances these interests by allowing individuals the freedom to commit crime, but punishing them if they do. The perfect prevention of crime asks us to consider exactly how far individual freedom extends. Does freedom include a "right" to drive drunk, for instance? It is hard to imagine that it does. (43)______ For most familiar crimes (murder, robbery, rape, arson), the law requires that the actor have some guilty state of mind, whether it is intent, recklessness or negligence. (44)______ In such cases, using technology to prevent the crime entirely would not unduly burden individual freedom ; it would simply be effective enforcement of the statute. Because there is no mental state required to be guilty of the offense, the government could require, for instance, that drug manufacturers apply a special tamper-proof coating to all pills, thus making the sale of tainted drugs practically impossible, without intruding on the thoughts of any future seller. But because the government must not intrude on people's thoughts, perfect prevention is a bad fit for most offenses. (45)______ Even if this could be known, perhaps with the help of some sort of neurological scan, collecting such knowledge would violate an individual's freedom of thought. Perfect prevention is a politically attractive approach to crime prevention, and for strict liability crimes it is permissible and may be good policy if implemented properly. But for most offenses, the threat to individual freedom is too great to justify this approach. This is not because people have a right to commit crimes; they do not. Rather, perfect prevention threatens our right to be free in our thoughts, even when those thoughts turn to crime. [A] But there is a category of crimes that are forbidden regardless of the actor's state of mind: so-called strict-liability offenses. One example is the sale of tainted drugs. Another is drunken driving. [B] The Dadss program, despite its effectiveness in preventing drunk driving, is criticized as a violation of human rights because it monitors drivers' behavior and controls individual's free will. [C] And the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 has already criminalized the development of technologies that can be used to avoid copyright restrictions, making it effectively impossible for most people to illegally share certain copyrighted materials, including video games. [D] If the actor doesn't have the guilty state of mind, and he commits crime involuntarily, in this case, the actor will be convicted as innocent. [E] Perfect prevention of a crime like murder would require the ability to know what a person was thinking in order to determine whether he possessed the relevant culpable mental state. [F] The program, the Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety (Dadss), is developing in vehicle technology that automatically checks a driver's blood-alcohol level and, if that level is above the legal limit, prevents the car from starting. [G] But what if the government were to add a drug to the water supply that suppressed antisocial urges and thereby reduced the murder rate? This would seem like an obvious violation of our freedom. We need a clear method of distinguishing such cases.

填空题At every turn, we see cutting edge ideas and technology, born perhaps in a college laboratory or a library, through the spark of a professor, the curiosity of a student, the dynamism of a classroom. The United Nations understands the enormous impact of scholarship, innovation and ideas. We are trying to harness that great power to build a better world. A world where human ingenuity will make our homes, communities and consumption patterns socially and environmentally sustainable. A world where research receives the funding and support it needs to defeat disease, deprivation and despair. A world where the" unlearning" of intolerance will bridge barriers that still divide nations and peoples.Promoting and advancing these goals is the essence of the United Nations Academic Impact. We have been laying the groundwork for this initiative for some time now, with great support from the academic community. It will help serve as a clearing house to better match academic innovation with particular areas of work of the United Nations— neglected areas of research, countries in need of specific help, research that will help deliver concrete change on the ground, and the best ideas to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. We can do together in the future. The UN and the academic community already enjoy a strong partnership. Academic Impact will deepen it further for the twenty-first century. We know about corporate social responsibility in the business world. The Academic Impact aims to generate a global movement of minds to promote a new culture of "intellectual social responsibility. "It is animated by a commitment to certain bedrock principles. Among them: freedom of inquiry, opinion and speech, educational opportunity for all, global citizenship, sustainability and dialogue. The United Nations stands ready to be an active partner with you in ensuring that your knowledge, skills and scholarship advance our universal goals of peace, development and human rights. Thank you for coming together in support of these noble goals.

填空题According to Langacker, ______ is the ability to conceive and portray the same situation in alternate ways through specificity, different mental scanning, directionality, vantage point, figure-ground segregation, etc.

填空题{{B}}Directions: Read the following dialogue and try to fill up the gaps with proper words, phrases, or sentences.{{/B}} Customer: {{U}}(56) {{/U}}, but could you help me? Clerk: With pleasure. {{U}}(57) {{/U}}? Customer: {{U}}(58) {{/U}}where I can find Mr. Zhang? Clerk: {{U}} (59) {{/U}}. Mr Zhang is upstairs. Customer: {{U}}(60) {{/U}}very much. Clerk: Not at all, Miss.

填空题In brainstorming，you ______ your mind，allowing room for any and every idea that comes up to its surface．在献策攻关会上，你解放了思想，给任意一个浮现出来的想法留出了空间。

填空题Translate the following two passages into English． 我深深爱着的祖国——历经磨难而又自强不息。 千百年来，中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸，渡过了急流险滩，昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难，铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证明了一个真理：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。 经过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗，中国有了比较大的发展，经济总量跃居世界前列，但我们仍然是一个发展中国家，同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均GDP水平，排在世界100位之后，仅为英国的1／16左右。到过中国旅游的朋友，你们所看到的城市是现代的，而我们的农村还比较落后。 到本世纪中叶，中国要基本实现现代化，面临三大历史任务：既要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化，又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮；既要不断提高经济发展水平，又要实现社会公平正义；既要实现国内的可持续发展，又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平，还有很长很长的路要走，还会遇到许多艰难险阻。但是，任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐，只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗，中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。

填空题The two men______(stand) over there heard every word we said.

填空题Hermeneutic Translation

填空题Please read the following passage and translate it into English．(北京外国语大学2012研，考试科目：综合技能测试) 书本究竟能够给我们什么，几乎没有人探究过这个问题。在我们读书的时候，最常见的情况是，我们思想不明确，目标不一致。逢小说便要求其真实，逢诗歌又指望它虚幻。认为传记必会吹捧，而史书一定附会我们自己的偏见。如果我们在读书时能够摒弃这些成见，那就会是阅读的良好起点。不要对作者发号施令，而应该试着去设身处地替他设想，与他合作，同他共谋。如果你一开始便却步矜持，有所保留，动辄挑剔，那么书中可能蕴含的精义，便无法充分领悟了。而如果敞开心胸，虚怀若谷，透过开篇迂回曲折的字里行间，领悟到那细腻微妙、几乎难以觉察到的迹象与暗示，那一与众不同的人便呈现在我们眼前了。

填空题{{U}}When{{/U}} Edison died, it was proposed that the American people {{U}}turned off{{/U}} {{U}}all power{{/U}} in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes {{U}}in honor of{{/U}} this great man. A. When B. turned off C. all power D. in honor of