单选题Likenesses of Buddha are these days SO commonplace—the casual adornment of fashionable spas, fusion restaurants and Parisian nightclubs—that it is strange to think that artists once hesitated, out of reverence, to portray the Buddha in corporeal form. In 2nd century India, judging by a 2nd century sandstone carving excavated from Mathura, it was sufficient to simply depict an empty throne—the implication that the Buddha was a spiritual king being very clearly understood by anyone who saw it. But as the stunning new gallery of Buddhist sculpture at London"s Victoria and Albert Museum makes Plain, somewhere along the line the reticence (沉默) about rendering the Buddha"s likeness gave way, and the world embarked on two millenniums of rich iconography and statuary. The gallery"s 47 masterworks, chosen from the museum"s renowned Asian collections, trace the Buddha"s portrayal from the 2nd to the 19th centuries, in places as diverse as India, Java and Japan. Inspiration came from unexpected sources. Some sculptors in Sri Lanka and China simply shaped the Buddha in their own likenesses. A 4th century stucco bust unearthed in Afghanistan features the full lips associated with Indian Gupta art, but also fulsome curls that reflect the Greco-Roman artists brought to the region by Alexander the Great. Other enlightened souls are shown beside the Buddha. Among the gallery"s most glorious artifacts are depictions of bodhisattvas—those who deliberately postpone their passage to nirvana (涅槃), Buddhists believe, in order to help others along the eightfold path. In the 14th century, metalworkers from Nepal"s Kathmandu Valley crafted the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, a manifestation of the Buddhist lord of compassion, in gilded copper and precious-stone inlay. An androgYnous-looking deity with wide hips and sensuous form (in Chinese tradition, Avalokiteshvara or Guan Yin is female, in others male), Avalokiteshvara"s serene face projects the harmony to which all Buddhists aspire. John Clarke, the gallery"s principal curator, says that Avalokiteshvara is sometimes depicted holding a blooming lotus—a symbol of spiritual purity. "It comes up from the mud, flowers, and remains untouched by the dirt that surrounded it," he says. You could say the same thing for the wonderful richness of Buddhist art.

单选题 鲁迅 鲁迅，原名周树人，是中国现代文学巨匠。鲁迅是20世纪的重要作家，新文化运动的领导人，左翼文化运动的支持者。鲁迅的作品对五四运动以后的中国文化与中国文学产生了深刻的影响。鲁迅赴日本留学时选择的是现代医学，这是因为父亲的病故使他对中医产生了严重的怀疑。但一年之后，他认为救国救民需先救思想，于是弃医从文，写下了《狂人日记》(A Madman's Dairy)等一系列发人深思的作品，唤醒了一批热血青年的爱国救国之志。

单选题 Questions6-9 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题The economy in this region has been stagnant for a long time and no signs of recovery have ______ till now.

单选题The tallest building in Americas capital city is the Washington Monument纪念碑． It is 21 for George Washington , the first president of the United States． He 22 the American colonies殖民地 in the War o

单选题Some crystals emit visible light when ______ by ionizing particles.

单选题It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial ______ will be conducted by computer. [A] transactions [B] transmissions [C] transitions [D] transformations

单选题Peter: I hear your parents are coming for a visit. Jone: ______

单选题At the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below -50~Cand winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists. Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced. The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.

单选题 On January 1st, people usually make a New Year's ______ such as quitting smoking or losing weight.

单选题When the author says "there will be no escaping Pottermania", he implies that______.

单选题Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as "all too human", with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely. But a study by Sarach Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of "goods and services" than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan"s and Dr. de Waal"s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (are much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems for the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

单选题______, the story of Snow White appeals to many adult readers, too. A. Though it written for children B. Though written for children C. Though for children written D. It was written for children

单选题A: Can I get you something to drink? B: ______

单选题 After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medical ______ understand each other's behavior and cultures.

单选题The light is still on. Why not ______?

单选题What do we learn about deserts from this text?

单选题Help will come from the UN, but the aid will be ______ near what's needed.