填空题Make some comments in English on The Definition of Translation and the Phenomenon of Untranslatability．(武汉大学2010研，考试科目：英语综合)

填空题Social sciences such as psychology and sociology are concerned with me study of human ______． 社会科学，如心理学和社会学，都是研究人类行为的。

填空题Translation from English into Chinese．(河海大学2006研，考试科目：基础英语)In the house a door shuts with a bang, curtains billow into the room. I rush to close the windows, empty the clothesline, secure the patio furnishings. Thunder begins to grumble in the distance.The first drops of rain are huge. They splash into the dust and imprint the windows with individual signatures. They plink on the vent pipe and plunk on the patio roof. Leaves shudder under their weight before rebounding and the sidewalk wears a coat of shiny spots.The rhythm accelerates: plink follows plunk faster and faster until the sound is a roll of drums and the individual drops become an army marching over fields and rooftops. Now the first bolt of lightning stabs the earth. It is heaven"s exclamation point. The storm is here!

填空题Were having the party in the garden，so Im praying itll be ______． 我们要在花园中举行聚会，所以我希望会有一个阳光明媚的好天气。

填空题The exhibition of the European Single Market aims to foster and extend the sp______ of European friendship.

填空题Translate put the following passage into Chinese．(福建师范大学2004研，考试科目：写作与翻译)Some people say that money is what makes everything possible...I share a different opinion. I believe that money can be really horrible. Sure, with money one could afford to live ultimate desires, but what"s really hidden from view is the kind of thing that too much money could do to people. Money and wealth disguise all the humanity of life. So many people wonder about every day of their lives wishing to live a rich animation. Yet the part they miss in that" wonderful" life is the change that takes place in themselves. To gain something one must be willing to exchange something, and for something as massive as money, the price is breathtaking. Nevertheless, some see it as reasonable amount and even more agree to the trade: even if the price is the one most important gift from God. All one must pay is their soul.These innocent victims of greed and selfishness are blinded from all but bills of disgusting green. Pretty soon they are jailed inside their own world of rotten filth fooled by their philosophy that money is the most substantial thing on the face of this planet. Suddenly even the nicest restaurants in town fail to please them and so they move elsewhere seeking something—anything that will satisfy their lost and stolen senses. The braggadocio of their mammoth ego demolishes even the most patient hearts and so they become lonely predators of their own humanity. They look upon soul as thieves eyeing their every penny, and even their own mother to them is a burglar thirsty for green. They trust no one, think of no one, help no one, and in the process shed all love within them: hopeless, and helpless. Trapped in their own creation, these dreams are...and they say money is harmless—how could they say that?

填空题Set in Spain during the Civil War, the novel______stated again Hemingway" s view of love found and lost, and described the indomitable spirit of the common people.

填空题Poetry can exploit the way we use stress when we speak to create rhythms. When stress is organized to form regular rhythms, the term used for it is ______.

填空题Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take (46) for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends (47) only a very few, for example the average among students is about 6 per person, In all the cases of friendly relationships, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interests vary enormously. (48) we get to know people we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social (49) and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference (50) age and background. Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have (51) ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and interests in common they often talk about "being on the same wavelength." It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more they rely on (52) another. People want to do friends favours and hate to break a (53) . Equally, friends have to learn so put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion. In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to (54) the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, (55) can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.

填空题Its five years since his brother ______ (join)the army．

填空题Apart from adding to the economic ______ of society, unemployment results in dissatisfied and frustrated individuals who are forced by circumstances to remain unproductive. (balance)

填空题With his firm handling of the dispute, he earned the re______ of his opponents.

填空题He will be sent to 一样收取高学费的学校 his father attended.

填空题The conceited artist seemed ______ to accept other peoples criticism． 那个骄傲自大的艺术家似乎不情愿接受人们的批评。

填空题A Perpetual Motion Machine is a fascinating and long-discussed topic that moves well beyond the scope of physics. In short, a perpetual motion machine can be likened to a magic cow that continues to live and breathe and yet needs no sustenance. A perpetual motion engine installed in a ear would continue to run indefinitely but would need neither gas tank nor petrol. Of course, as a perpetual motion machine is in violation of natural laws, it will likely never move out of the realm of imagination and into reality. When the phrase "perpetual motion machine" is entered into Google"s search engine, 34,400 items are returned. Of these 34,400 items, the forty-first to the forty-fifth hold reasonable interest and will be further discussed herein. 41. Myths and legends Long before the advent of the steam engine, human beings have ruminated on the possibility of a perpetual motion machine. Throughout history, many have attempted to invent such a device, though none have thus far been successful. 42. Fame and glory Some people hold that any inventor attempting to create a perpetual motion machine must only be in it for credit and accolades, wishing to be the first in his field to discover the much-coveted secret. 43. Wealth and riches It is also suspected by some that those seeking to unlock the mystery of perpetual motion machine must be motivated by the monetary rewards. If such a device were to fall into popular use, the inventor would be a wealthy man indeed. 44. Antics and capers Even some of those who are aware of the impossibility of perpetual motion machine have invented something similar under the guise of perpetual motion machine in order to tease us. 45. Deception and trickery Some people, though fully aware that they are incapable of inventing a perpetual motion machine, persist in arguing that they can with the intention of scamming us. Though the perpetual motion machine is a dream long-sought after by the scientific community, it is improbable that it will ever be realized. We can, however, pour our resources into researching more practical energy conserving forms of power such as geothermal, hydroelectric, and solar power solutions. A. In ancient China there was an extremely adroit man by the name of Zhu Geliang. It is said that he constructed a wooden horse which could walk unaided and could be used in the transportation of military supplies. As no records of this occurrence have been found, this tale has passed into legend. B. Inventor F told me excitedly, "some complex details are currently under discus-sion to unearth the key to perpetual motion. If my experiment proves to be effectual, I will become a Nobel Prize winner. You know, the ceremony is held annually in Sweden and is broadcasted live to every corner of the globe." It is no great wonder that Inventor F espoused enthusiasm. A functional perpetual motion machine is a wonder that would be marveled at for generations to come. C. Inventor K declared, "the experiments with perpetual motion are on the verge of success. My products will soon be distributed throughout the world and used in a wide range of industrial applications. When that happens, my company will expand exponentially. I"ll make a fortune!" D. One of the closest things to a perpetual motion engine was the one installed on the Traveler 1 spacecraft, the first spaceship in human history to fly beyond the edges of our solar system. Though Traveler"s engine is able to run without maintenance for many years, it still requires energy—nuclear energy. So, strictly speaking, Traveler 1 does not run on a perpetual motion engine, but in fact needs energy as do all other machines. E. Mr. Goofy announced that he had effectively diagrammed the first perpetual motion machine. When a private corporate party purchased the patent, they found to their dismay that manufacturing it according to the design layout was technically infeasible. Furious, they sued Mr. Goofy for fraud, but even in the courtroom, Mr. Goofy would not be shamed. He simply retorted, "I"m just joking around." F. Tom, proudly proclaiming that he had invented a clock that ran on perpetual motion, and had it placed in the central square of his town. The clock, he said, would work perfectly despite a lack of springs in the internal mechanism. A scientist later ascertained the secret and revealed it to the townspeople: the clock had been cleverly devised to run on temperature differentials.

填空题The Conservative Party, currently undergoing a transition, sus______ losses throughout the country, its overall vote falling by 6/% compared with 1995.

填空题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Some rituals of modern domestic living vary little throughout the developed world. One such is the municipal refuse collection, usually once a week, your rubbish bags or the contents of your bin disappear into the bowels of a special lorry and are carted away to the local tip. To economists, this ceremony is peculiar, because in most places it is free. Yes, households pay for the service out of local taxes.{{U}} (71) {{/U}}Yet the marginal cost of rubbish disposal is not zero at all. The more people throw away, the more rubbish collectors and trucks are needed, and the more the local council has to pay in landfill and tipping fees. {{U}} (72) {{/U}}But as Don Fullerton and Thomas Kinnaman, two American economists, have found, this seemingly easy application of economic sense to an everyday problem has surprisingly intricate and sometimes disappointing results. In the past few years several American towns and cities have started charging households for generating rubbish. The commonest system is to sell stickers or tags which householders attach to rubbish bags or cans. Only bags with these labels are picked up in the weekly collection. In the paper published last year Fullerton and Kinnaman studied the effects of one such scheme, introduced in July 1992 in Charlottesville, Virginia, a town of about 40,000 people. Residents were charged 80 cents for each sticker. This may sound like the sensible use of market forces. In fact, the authors conclude, the scheme's benefits did not cover the cost of printing stickers, the sticker sellers' commissions, and the wages of the people running the scheme.{{U}} (73) {{/U}} This is inefficient: compacting is done better by machines at landfill sites than by individuals, however enthusiastically. The weight of rubbish collected in Charlottesville fell by a modest 14%. {{U}} (74) {{/U}}The one bright spot in all this seems to have been a 15% increase in the weight of materials recycled, suggesting that people chose to recycle free rather than pay to have their refuse carted away. But the fee may have little to do with the growth in recycling, as many citizens were already participating in Charlottesville's voluntary recycling scheme. {{U}} (75) {{/U}}To discourage dumping, for instance, local councils might have to spend more on catching litterers, or raise fines for littering, or cut the price of legitimate rubbish collection. A. True, the number of bags or cans collected did fall sharply, by 37% between May and September 1992. But rather than buy more tags, people simply crammed more garbage--about 40% more into each container. B. This looks like the most basic of economic misunderstandings: if rubbish disposal is free, people will produce too much rubbish. The obvious economic solution is to make households pay the marginal cost of disposing of their waste. That will give them an incentive to throw out less and recycle more. C. City authorities are now considering a project to teach Government waste collectors the skills, such as what rubbish to collect and how to classify it. If approved, the project will help ease the financial burden of the city's waste treatment. D. It would be foolish to generalize from this one case, but the moral is clear, economic incentives sometimes produce unforeseen responses. E. Less pleasing still, some people resorted to illegal dumping rather than pay to have their rubbish removed. This is hard to measure directly. But the authors, ob-serving that a few households in the sample stopped putting rubbish out, guess that illegal dumping may account for 30%-40% of the reduction in collected rubbish. F. But at the margin the price is zero: the family that fills four bins with rubbish each week pays no more than the elderly couple that fills one.

填空题Jack didnt see the museum steps, so he ______ (fall)down.