填空题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Energy use and air pollution have been synonymous in China for decades, especially in urban areas.{{U}} (66) {{/U}}Fifteen or 20 years ago in China's northern cities, such as Shenyang, air pollution was characterized by decreased visibility caused by high levels of particulates and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Although conditions have improved in modern cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, China still has three of the ten most polluted cities in the world and hundreds of cities that are not in compliance with the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines. {{U}} (67) {{/U}}More than 120 cities have populations of more than one million, and by the end of the twenty-first century, 10 to 20 cities will have populations of more than 10 million. Rapid urbanization will challenge governments at all levels, not only to provide basic services to growing urban populations, but also to modernize, to continue to develop economically, and to address environmental concerns, particularly air pollution, that result from rapid economic growth. Chinese planners now recognize that the choice of energy supply affects not only public health, but also land use, the environment, infrastructure, services, and economic growth.{{U}} (68) {{/U}}Because China has an overabundance of coal and a scarcity of oil and gas, planners must continually balance the public good (i. e. , public health and quality of life) against the easy availability of polluting coal and the high cost of importing oil and natural gas. Fundamentally, the Chinese policy community must address ambient air quality concerns by integrating energy supply and use for all economic sectors--industrial, power generation, residential, commercial, and transportation. {{U}} (69) {{/U}}The national averages for emissions of SO2 and particulate matter (PM) have decreased, mostly as a result of stepped up enforcement of existing standards by national, provincial, and municipal governments. However, because of the increase in vehicle pollution and the continued prevalence of fine-particle pollution, the government passed a second amendment in 2000 to the 1987 Law of Air Pollution Prevention and Control.{{U}} (70) {{/U}}When the new law is fully implemented over the next decade, it will greatly strengthen environmental laws and standards. A. Thus, a secure, flexible, and varied energy-supply policy is critical to continued growth. B. The new legislation, which went into effect September 1, 2001, calls for the regulation of transportation, as well as residential and commercial energy use. C. In rural areas, air pollution is also common because a significant amount of industry that is highly dependent on coal is located in the countryside. D. China is undergoing urbanization and industrial development on an unprecedented scale. E. This may be because vehicles in Beijing tend to be new and have fairly efficient combustion systems. F. A good deal of progress has been made in China since the mid-1990s.

填空题And all this praise is just because the poor man has died—doesnt strike you as______ (sincere)

填空题The law I am referring to requires that everyone who owns a car has accident insurance.

填空题Assign a different color ______ each different type of information.

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41 - 45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-- G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fir in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet I. Anyone paying attention to the debate over Social Security has heard a litany of dates. There's 2018, when the program is expected to start taking in less in taxes than it pays out in benefits. And there's 2042 (or 2052 by some estimates), when its trust fund is supposed to run out of money. (41)___________________ For years, the government has collected more in Social Security taxes than it needed to pay current benefits, Those excess collections are credited to the Social Security Trust Fund, ostensibly to pay future retirees. But there is no actual money in the fund. Instead, the government spends the money for other purposes and issues the fund IOUs. In 2009, the shell game begins to end. The amount by which Social Security taxes exceed benefits starts to shrink. (42)___________________ The problem could have been avoided, and it still could be reduced. If the rest of the budget was in good shape--and particularly if the government bad staved on the path it was on five years ago of buying down the national debt--lawmakers could simply re-borrow the money to pay benefits. They could have a leisurely debate over what, if anything, else to do. (43)___________________ This raises a question: If the biggest immediate problem of Social Security is that it will soon make the deficit worse, wouldn't it be better to address the underlying deficit? In other words--as the Bush administration embarks on a 60 day, 60 stop tour to promote Social Security overhaul--are we really debating the right problem? (44)___________________ The money that has been borrowed, or is projeced to be borrowed, in Fresident Bush's two terms alone would come close to solving Social Security's solvency problems for at least the next 75 years. The Office of Management and Budget projects cumulative borrowing of $2. 6 trillion. The Social Security Administration estimates that $3.7 trillion would shore up the program until at least 2080. (45)___________________. Exploding Medicare and Medicaid costs, the loss of revenue because of the recent tax cuts and likely changes in the alternative minimum tax (AMT) present a bleak outlook over the next 10 years. Making the Bush tax cuts permanent and fixing the AMT could lead to deficits of about $650 billion to $750 billion by the middle of the next decade. A. By 2018--sooner, if private accounts are created--the flow reverses. Instead of spending a surplus, the government will need to begin paying off its IOUs. Absent large tax hikes or spending cuts, already astronomical deficits will skyrocket. B. The bottom line is that Washington, through profligate borrowing and policies that lock in red ink for years to come, is passing the burden to future generations. ,And the problem is getting worse. C. But the most important date will arrive sooner in 2009. That's when the cost of paying benefits to the first wave of retiring baby boomers will begin exposing the accounting gimmickry that is the true driver of the Social Security "crisis." To the extent a crisis exists, it is not really about Social Security. It is about decades of irresponsible budgeting that threatens future retirees. D. As bad as the current record deficits look ($427 billion this year alone), they likely will get worse in the next decade as the result of fiscal time bombs hard-wired into government spending and tax plans. E. Left unchecked, chronic deficits will more than offset any good that comes out of Social Security reform. Deficits make the government more beholden to its creditors, many of them foreign. As the national debt surges, so does the portion of the budget dedicated to paying interest on that debt. F. But that is not an option given the dire budgetary situation. Social Security will soon become a drain on a government already under tremendous fiscal stress. It's the difference between having a zero balance on your credit card and being at your credit limit. If you're maxed out, you lose the flexibility to take on new debt to deal with an expense. G. This is not to say Social Security reform--with or without the private accounts proposed by Bush --is not worthwhile. But it is only one of many necessary steps to put the nation on a sound fiscal footing and ensure that future generations will have a reasonably comfortable retirement.

填空题Most bosses who assess subordinates see appraisals as an effective way to improve employees work per______.

填空题Fred: Do you like a cup of coffee or tea?Jane: ____________

填空题I enjoy eating in good restaurants and to go to the theater afterwards . A. enjoy B. good C. to go D. afterwards

填空题{{U}}Now that they are all here{{/U}}, let us start the discussion.

填空题The u______ meaning of the sentence varies with the context in which it is uttered.

填空题If the experiment succeeds or fails, it will provide us with valuable experience , which is essential to improving our future work. A. If B. provide us with C. experience D. improving

填空题This is {{U}}为什么他不想上学的原因{{/U}}。

填空题{{U}}He made it clear{{/U}} that he did not agree with all we came up with at the meeting.

填空题毕竟 there are over twenty different meanings for "fast" in the dictionary.

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.{{/B}} Most people would not object to living a few years longer than normal, as long as it meant they could live those years in good health. Sadly, the only proven way to extend the lifespan of an animal in this way is to reduce its calorie intake. Studies going back to the 1930s have shown that a considerable reduction in consumption (about 50%) can extend the lifespan of everything from dogs to nematode worms by between 30% and 70%. Although humans are neither dogs nor worms, a few people are willing to give the calorie-restricted diet a try in the hope that it might work for them, too. But not many—as the old joke has it, give up the things you enjoy and you may not live longer, but it will sure seem as if you did. Now, though, work done by Marc Hellerstein and his colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley, suggests that it may be possible to have, as it were, your cake and eat it too. Or, at least, to eat 95% of it. Their study, to be published in the American Journal of Physiology—Endocrinology and Metabolism, suggests that significant gains in longevity might be made by a mere 5% reduction in calorie intake. The study was done on mice rather than people. But the ubiquity of previous calorie-restriction results suggests the same outcome might well occur in other species, possibly including humans. However, you would have to fast on alternate days. (41)__________ Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells. For a cancer to develop efficiently, it needs multiple mutations to accumulate in the DNA of the cell that becomes the tumor's ancestor. (42)__________ A slower rate of cell division thus results in a slower accumulation of cancer-causing mutations. (43)__________ Heavy water is heavy because the hydrogen in it weighs twice as much as ordinary hydrogen(it has a proton and a neutron in its nucleus, instead of just a proton). Chemically, however, it behaves like its lighter relative. This means, among other things, that it gets incorporated into DNA as that molecule doubles in quantity during cell division. (44)__________ Dr Hellerstein first established how much mice eat if allowed to feed as much as they want. Then he set up a group of mice that were allowed to eat only 95% of that amount. In both cases, he used the heavy-water method to monitor cell division. The upshot was that the rate of division in the calorie-restricted mice was 37% lower than that in those mice that could eat as much as they wanted—which could have a significant effect on the accumulation of cancer-causing mutations. (45)__________ [A] To stop this happening, cells have DNA-repair mechanisms. But if a cell divides before the damage is repaired, the chance of a successful repair is significantly reduced. [B] Bingeing and starving is how many animals tend to feed in the wild. The uncertain food supply means they regularly go through cycles of too much and too little food (it also means that they are often restricted to eating less than they could manage if food were omnipresent). [C] But calorie-reduction is not all the mice had to endure. They were, in addition, fed only on alternate days: bingeing one day and starving the next. So, whether modern man and woman, constantly surrounded by food and advertisements for food, would really be able to forgo eating every other day is debatable. [D] Why caloric restriction extends the lifespan of any animal is unclear, but much of the smart money backs the idea that it slows down cell division by denying cells the resources they need to grow and proliferate. One consequence of that slow-down would be to hamper the development of cancerous tumors. [E] So, by putting heavy water in the diets of their mice, the researchers were able to measure how much DNA in the tissues of those animals had been made since the start of the experiment (and by inference how much cell division had taken place), by the simple expedient of extracting the DNA and weighing it. [F] The second reason, according to Elaine Hsieh, one of Dr Hellerstein's colleagues, is that cutting just a few calories overall, but feeding intermittently, may be a more feasible eating pattern for some people to maintain than making small reductions each and every day. [G] At least, that is the theory. Until now, though, no one has tested whether reduced calorie intake actually does result in slower cell division. Dr Hellerstein and his team were able to do so using heavy water as a chemical "marker" of the process.