填空题{{B}}Passage A{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} {{I}}You will hear a monologue. Listen to it and fill out the table with the information you've heard for questions 11—15. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each blank. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.{{/I}} 1. Plants give out faint ______ when they are thirsty. 11 2. Many insects like to attack ______ plants. 12 3. To test his theory, Robert is using a device that can ______ plant cries. 13 4. A Healthy plant sounds ______ in Robert's test. 14 5. The snapping pipes in plants make noises ten thousand times more quiet than a ______. 15

填空题A. Get moving B. Follow your interest C. Explore other perspectives D. Reduce screen time E. Forget brainstorming F. Allow for more flexibility Brainstorming in a group became popular in 1953 with the publication of a business book, Applied Imagination. But it's been proven not to work since 1958, when Yale researchers found that the technique actually reduced a team's creative output: the same number of people generate more and better ideas separately than together. In fact, according to University of Oklahoma professor Michael Mumford, half of he commonly used techniques intended to spur creativity don't work, or even have a negative impact. As for most commercially available creativity training, Mumford doesn't mince words: it's "garbage". Whether for adults or kids, the worst of these programs focus solely on imagination exercises, expression of feelings, or imagery. They pander to an easy, unchallenging notion that all you have to do is let your natural creativity out of its shell. However, there are some techniques that do boost the creative process. (1) . Almost every dimension of cognition improves from 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, and creativity is no exception. The type of exercise doesn't matter, and the boost lasts for at least two hours afterward. However, there's a catch: this is the case only for the physically fit. For those who rarely exercise, the fatigue from aerobic activity counteracts the short-term benefits. (2) . Those who study multi-tasking, report that you can't work on two projects simultaneously, but the dynamic is different when you have more than one creative project to complete. In that situation, more projects get completed on time when you allow yourself to switch between them if solutions don't come immediately. This corroborates surveys showing that professors who set papers aside to brew ultimately publish more papers. Similarly, preeminent mathematicians usually work on more than one proof at a time. (3) . According to University of Texas professor Elizabeth Vandewater, for every hour a kid regularly watches television, his overall time in creative activities—from fantasy play to arts projects—dr0ps as much as 11 percent. With kids spending about three hours in front of televisions each day, that could be a one-third reduction in creative time—less time to develop a sense of creative self-efficacy through play. (4) . Five experiments by Northwestern's Adam Galinsky showed that those who have lived abroad outperform others on creativity tasks. Creativity is also higher on average for first or second generation immigrants and bilinguals. The theory is that cross-cultural experiences force people to adapt and be more flexible. Just studying another culture can help. In Galinsky's lab, people were more creative after watching a slide show about China: a 45-minute session increased creativity scores for a week. (5) . Rena Subotnik, a researcher with the American Psychological Association, has studied children's progression into adult creative careers. Kids do best when they are allowed to develop deep passions and pursue them wholeheartedly at the expense ofwell-roundedness. "Kids who have deep identification with a field have better discipline and handle setbacks better," she noted. By contrast, kids given superficial exposure to many activities don't have the same centeredness to overcome periods of difficulty. If you want to increase innovation within an organization, one of the first things to do is tear out the suggestion box, advises Isaac Getz, professor at ESCP Europe Business School in Paris. Formalized suggestion protocols, whether a box on the wall, an e-mailed form, or an internal Web site, actually stifle innovation because employees feel that their ideas go into a black hole of bureaucracy. Instead, employees need to be able to put their own ideas into practice. One of the reasons that Toyota's manufacturing plant in Georgetown, Ky., is so successful is that it implements up to 99 percent of employees' ideas.

填空题A ______ is a typical instance of a category, and other elements are assimilated to the category on the basis of their perceived resemblance to the prototype.

填空题All was darkness ______ an occasional glimmer in the distance． 除了远处的时隐时现的一点光亮外，四周一片漆黑。

填空题A. Yes, we met B. That's great C. No, I'm afraid I haven't had any time yet D. Are you excited E. No, I haven't seen him yet F. I was very nervous G. I have been there H. Thanks for calling Betsy: Hi Brian, this is Betsy. How are you doing? Brian: I've just returned from the Head Office. The weather is great! Boston is a great city! Betsy: Have you met Frank yet? Brian: (56) . We have a meeting at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. We are going to meet then. Betsy: Have you made your presentation yet? Brian: Yes, I made the presentation yesterday afternoon. (57) , but everything went well. Betsy: Has management given you any feedback yet? Brian: Yes, I've already met with the sales director. We met immediately after the meeting and he was impressed with our work. Betsy: (58) Brian. Congratulations! Have you visited any museums yet? Brian: (59) . I hope to take a tour around town tomorrow. Betsy: Well, I'm happy to hear that everything is going well. I'll talk to you soon. Brian: (60) Betsy. Bye. Betsy: Bye.

填空题A.Dothechildren'sversesofEdwardLear,HilaireBellocortheAhlbergscountasnurseryrhymes,orarcthosesomethingdifferentaltogether?Whataboutplaygroundrhymes,clappingorskippinggames,footballchants,popsongsoroldmusic-hallsongs?WhatabouttheworkofRobertGraves,W.H.Auden,l.ouisMacNeice,evenWordsworthandByronthatusestheformandmetreofnurseryrhymes,oftentohauntinglycomplexemotionaleffect.See,it'snotassimpleasitappears.B.Ifthisanalysisofthestrangephenomenonthatisnurseryrhymesresemblesoneofthosemaddeninglyopaqueriddleswithwhichourrudeforefathersusedtoamusethemselvesaroundthefiresideofadarkwinter'sevening,itisprobablybecausethelineageofnurseryrhymesoccupiestwoquiteseparateandcontradictorytraditions--theoralandthewritten.C.Fromthisdiminutivebeginning(thebookmeasuredjust3inbyin),andfromALittlePrettyPocket-Book,publishedinthesameyearbyJohnNcwbery,thefirstspecialistchildren'spublisher,anentireliteraturesprang.Suddenly,therandomcacophonyoftheoraltradition--thelullabies,countinggames,fragmentsoffolksongs,mummer'splays,politicalsquibs,doggerel,scurrilousadultballads,riddlesandwhathaveyoubegantobecollectedandcodifiedintoaformalcanon,towhichthenameof"nurseryrhymes"becameattachedintheearly19thcentury.D.Thesatellitechildren'schannelNickJr.isrunningacompetitioncalledTimeforaNewRhyme.Thechannelislookingfora"modernnurseryrhymeforthenewmillennium",whichcouldbe"aboutanythingandeverythingfrompoliticalandcurrenteventstofamilylife".So,offyougo.Except,whatisanurseryrhyme,exactly?Andhowdoesitdifferif,indeeditdiffersatall--fromanyothersortofchildren'spoetry?E.Collectorsofanythingtendtohaveobsessive,eccentricandproprietorialtendencies,andfromtherealmofnurseryrhymethereemergedsomemagnificentspecimens.StrangestofallwasJohnBellendenKer,whodevelopedalaborioustheorydesignedtoprovethatEnglishnurseryrhymeshademergedfromakindofpoliticalprotestliteraturecomposedinaformofearlyDutch(whichwasinfacthisowninvention).F.Itiscertainthatthehistoryofnurseryrhymesisasoldasthehistoryoflanguage.Rhythmandrhymearenotmerelythefoundationsoflanguagelearning,but--togetherwiththeirnaturalpartners,thephysicalactivitiesofskipping,clapping,jumping,dancingtheyarethegreat,free,unbreakable,ever-readyplaythingsofchildhood.IonaOpie,theleadingauthorityonchildren'sloreandliterature,andherlatehusband,Peter,intheirintroductiontotheOxfordDictionaryofNurseryRhymes,noteafragmentofachildren'ssongintheBible("Wehavepipeduntoyou,andyehavenotdanced;wehavemourneduntoyou,andyehavenotwept.")G.Butonthewhole,referencestorhymesspecificallyintendedforchildrenarecomparativelyrarebeforethe18thcentury.Allthischangedswiftlyinthemid-18thcentury,whenthefirstbookofnurseryrhymesappeared:TommyThumb'sPrettySongBook,publishedbyawoman,MaryCooper,andeditedby"N.Lovechild',appearedin1744intwovolumes,at4dapiece.AsinglecopyofvolumetwosurvivesintheBritishMuseum,containingrhymesthatareasfamiliartothemodernastheGeorgiannursery:"Bah,bah,ablacksheep","WhodidkillCockRobbin?"and"TherewasalittleMan/AndhehadalittleGun."H.Theambiguityofwhatisandisn'tanurseryrhymeiscompoundedbythefactthateveryexpertyouconsultseemstohaveadifferenttheory.NickTucker,aformerseniorlecturerattheUniversityofSussex,comesupwiththemostenigmaticdefinition."It'scompletelyselfdefining,"hesays."Anurseryrhymeissomethinginanurseryrhymebook.Mostanthologiesarenotinterestedinexpandingthecanon,becausewhenpeoplebuyananthology,theydon'twantalotofchange.Athome,theyaresingingbitsofBeatlessongsorfootballchantstotheirchildren,whichwouldoncehavegotintothenurseryrhymecanon,ifafolkloristhadcomeandcollectedthem--butwehavegotpastthatstagenow."Order:

填空题Nearly half of the ______ (bore) audience had left the meeting before the closing address (闭幕词).

填空题Thanksgiving Day is uniquely an American holiday, which dates back to the ______ of the first European settlers in the New World. (arrive)

填空题The new tenant in the apartment was obviously both suspicious and interested in his neighbors. A. in B. obviously C. suspicious D. in

填空题You can communicate with your boss even when you strongly ______ (agree).

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}You are going to read a text about the tips on preparing a new garden, followed by a list of examples, Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45). There is one extra example, which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Whether you recently moved into a new home or you've just got the gardening itch, planning a new garden can be a great deal of fun. The opportunity to act as creator can be very appealing. But anyone who has gardened for long has learned the necessity of accommodating nature and has developed a sense of humility in the process.{{B}}(41) Weather matters{{/B}} The first thing to determine is what will grow in the spot available for your garden. This is where many gardeners make their first mistake. Too often plants are purchased before thought has been given to the conditions under which they will have to grow. One of chief factors determining what will grow in a particular spot is the weather conditions the plants will be subjected to.{{B}}(42) Lay of the land{{/B}} Next, you will need to determine what type of soil you'll be working with. The three main constituents of soil are sand, silt and clay, Silt particles are of intermediate size. An ideal garden soil, or loam, would be about 40% sand, 40% silt and 20% clay.{{B}}(43) Amend your soil{{/B}} The best way to amend a poor soil, whether sandy, clay or silty, is to add organic matter. Add a combination of topsoil and peat moss or compost will do a great help.{{B}}(44) Keep a watch on moisture{{/B}} Soil moisture is obviously tied to the climate of the area where you live, but even in a small yard there can be wide variations. If your garden is at the bottom of a hill, the soil may remain wet for long periods of time. In this situation, you can try creating a raised bed, but it is best to stick to plants that enjoy having their feet wet.{{B}}(45) Don't fight mother nature{{/B}} While some measures can be taken to make your garden a hospitable place for particular plants, your experience will be much more rewarding if you learn to work with nature. You will save yourself a lot of time, money and grief. The hardest thing to convince new gardeners of is the need for patience. With the first warm day of spring they are eager to begin planting and nothing can stop them. Many of these bursts of enthusiasm yield ill-conceived gardens doomed to failure. The plants wither and the would-be gardeners become convinced that they lack some secret knowledge or inherent skill. In most of these cases, however, a few hours of planning and preparation would have made all the difference. It is quite easy to dig up a plot and throw some plants in the ground. It is another thing entirely to create a healthy, living garden.[A] Azaleas in bloom might look great when the sun's out, but if they were planted beneath some protection from the glare, they might not be constantly infested with bugs. Of course, you can spray them regularly with insecticide, but now your garden is becoming about as environmentally friendly as an oil refinery.[B] A colleague of mine had just bought a new house, and was brimming with excitement about his new garden. He planted a splendid garden, filled with plants unsuitable for our comparatively cold climate, and in a few months, most of his plants had either withered or become diseased. He thought he lacked some secret knowledge, but I knew why![C] My neighbor complained that the earth in his garden was poor and didn't drain easily. I advised him to do as I had done, and go down to the beach for his solution.[D] The water table is very high in my area. At first I tried to fight this in my garden, but eventually I realized that I could use this to my advantage—now I have a beautiful pond full of lilies.[E] Unfortunately, my own garden does not have the best of soil. My solution to this problem is to keep all the cuttings when I mow the lawn. Once these have rotted down, I dig them into the soil to make it richer and much better for growing.[F] My friend's garden is very beautiful, but unfortunately, his house looks a little drab. My advice to him was to purchase some climbing plants that he could encourage to grow on trellises fixed to his wall—now his house looks very natural.

填空题We have taken note ______ what you have said and will pass this on to the departments concerned.

填空题Straight B/L On board B/L Ocean B/L Order B/L Shipping document

填空题open economy

填空题Air-conditioning is a ______ if you live somewhere like the south of Spain. (necessary)

填空题We sent the letter by airmail 以便他们能及时收到.

填空题[A]Erecting the tallest building in the world is a pursuit both pointless and exhilarating. Someone will always build a bigger one, but that doesn"t diminish the intense allure of height, which can make a building famous whether or not there is anything else to recommend it American architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who never much liked cities, understood this perfectly when, in 1956, he unveiled a fantasy known as the Mile High Illinois, a five-hundred-and-twenty-eight-story tower that he proposed for downtown Chicago, overlooking Lake Michigan. An elegant spire, pencil-thin, it was a cavalier dismissal of the group of boxy office buildings that were turning most of America"s urban centers into a blur. Although it was unbuildable, it grabbed" more headlines than any real building could have, and it gave the illusion that Wright was in command of a type of building that he had always disdained.[B] The Burj Khalifa, in Dubai—the new holder of the title of World"s Tallest Building—is no less extravagant a media gesture. Unlike Wright"s design, to which it bears a starting resemblance, this building is very real—all one hundred and sixty stories (or two thousand seven hundred and seventeen feet) of it. For decades, skyscrapers have been topping each other in only small increments; Kuala Lumpur"s Petronas Towers ( one thousand four hundred and eighty-two feet) are thirty-two feet taller than Chicago"s Sears Tower (or Willis Tower, as it is now called) ; the Shanghai World Financial Center is about a hundred and thirty feet taller than the Petronas Towers; Taipei 101 , in Taiwan, is fifty feet taller than the Shanghai tower; and so on. But the Burj Khalifa represents a quantum leap over these midgets. Even if you put the Chrysler Building on top of the Empire State Building, that still wouldn"t equal its height.[C] As with most super-tall buildings, function is hardly the point of the Burj Khalifa. Certainly, it"s not as if there weren"t enough land to build on in Dubai, or any need for more office or residential space, after a decade-long construction spree that makes the excesses of Florida look almost prudent. Dubai doesn"t have as much oil as some other emirates, and saw a way to make itself rich by turning an expanse of sand beside the Arabian Gulf into an all-in-one business center, resort, and haven for flight capital. When the tower was first planned, by Emaar Properties, a real-estate entity partly owned by the government, it was called Burj Dubai, which means Dubai Tower—just in case anyone might have missed the fact that the world"s most high-flying, come-from-nowhere city was also home to the world"s tallest building. But, while the building was going up, growth in Dubai ground to a halt, leaving much of the new real estate unoccupied and unsold. This past November, Dubai ran out of money, was unable to make Payments on sixty billion dollars worth of debt, and had to be rescued by a ten-billion-dollar bailout from Abu Dhabi, the conservative, oil-rich emirate next door. At the building"s opening. Dubai announced that the skyscraper would bear the name of Abu Dhabi"s ruler, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al-Nahyan. It"s as if Goldlman Sachs were to rename its new headquarters the Warren Buffett Tower.[D] Dubai is unlike any other city, but imagine a cross between Hong Kong and Las Vegas that tries to operate as if it were Switzerland, and you begin to get the idea. There are more glitzy glass towers than you can count, many of them put up not so much to house people or businesses as to give to rich Indians, Russians, Iranians, and Southeast Asians a place to park some cash away from nosy local governments. Given the general level of tasteless showiness on display—not to mention the often appalling living conditions of Dubai"s armies of migrant construction workers—the Burj Khalifa should be an easy building to loathe, and the embarrassing way that its completion coincided with the near-meltdown of Dubai"s economy makes it easy to mock as a symbol of hubris. And yet the Burj Khatifa turns out to be far more sophisticated, even subtle, than one might expect. The tower is a shimmering sliver needle, its delicacy as startling as its height. You would think that anything this huge would dominate the sky, but the Burj Khalifa punctuates it instead.[E] The tower was designed by the architect Adrian Smith and the engineer William Baker, both of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. ( Smith left the firm during construction, and Baker and his colleagues George Efstathiou and Eric Tomich saw the project through to completion. ) Skidmore has built plenty of iconic skyscrapers before. A generation ago, its architect-engineer team Bruce Graham and Fazlur Khan revolutionized skyscraper design with the "undled tube" structure of the Sears Tower. The Burj doesn"t use bundled tubes, though to look at it from the outside you might think it did. From a distance it looks like a cluster of variously sized metal rods, the tallest at the center. The building has a Y-shaped floor plan, with three lobes buttressing a hexagonal central core, which houses the elevators. The structure provides a lot of exterior walls with windows overlooking the Gulf and the desert. The first twenty or so floors are fairly bulky, giving the building a wide stance on the ground, but as it rises there is a spiralling sequence of setbacks. By the time you get about a third of the way to the top, the tower has gracefully metamorphosed into a slender building, and it keeps on narrowing until only a central section remains.[F]One advantage of this configuration is that, because the building"s shape varies at each level, wind cannot create an organized vortex around it, and stress on the structure is thereby reduced. The setbacks, the Skidmore team likes to say, "confuse the wind. " But the design has an aesthetic virtue, too, giving the Burj Khalife, for all its twenty-first-century ingenuity, a lyrical profile that calls to mind the skyscrapers of eighty or ninety years ago. The defining towers of the New York sky line, at least before the Second World War, were skinny compared with today"s skyscrapers, and their vertical lines gave intense visual pleasure. We"ve sacrificed all that for efficiency: office tenants today want lots of horizontal space, which means huge, open floors and stocky, inelegant towers. The Burj Khalifa has three million square feet of interior space, which sounds like a lot, but in fact it is four hundred thousand square feet less than the Shanghai World Financial Center, which is fifty-nine stories shorter. Even the MetLife Building, less than a third of the height of the Burj, has 2. 4 million square feet. The Burj Khalifa can afford not to care about square footage because, notwithstanding a few small, high-priced office suites on the narrow floors at the top, it isn"t an office building. Most of the building is given over to condominium apartments. (At the bottom, there will be a hotel designed and managed by Giorgio Armani.) The decision to make most of the buildingresidential speaks volumes about the extent to which Dubai"s economy has been based on the sale of condominiums to absentee owners for investment. Whether or not the decision to fill the tower with apartments made economic sense, it was certainly the right thing to do architecturally. The profile of the Burj has a magnetism that is lacking in almost every other super-tall building of our time. Furthermore , the tower doesn"t indulge in the showy engineering tricks that have become so common today it doesn"t get wider as it rises, or lean to one side, or appear to be made of broken shards. There is something appealing about a building that relies on the most, advanced, engineering but doesn"t flaunt it.Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 2? In theparentheses on your Answer Sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.

填空题Ken sorted ______ the photographs, choosing two or three which seemed to most suit his purpose.