单选题{{B}}Text 4{{/B}} The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.” According to many books and articles, New England's leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life. To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans' theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church—important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity. The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts churches in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. These men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness. We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told bas father that the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: "Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people." One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in Puritan churches. Meanwhile, many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane's, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World fur religion. "Our main end was to catch fish."

单选题In the war many children were ______ from the cities to the countryside.(2004年湖北省考博试题)

单选题This book is expected to______the best-seller lists.

单选题She said she ______ the color TV set for five years. A．had had B．had bought C．has had D．has bought

单选题 The Californian coastline north and south of Silicon Valley is a trend-setting sort of place. Increasingly, the home interiors of the well-heeled there tend toward one of two {{U}}(1) {{/U}}. Houses are{{U}} (2) {{/U}}light flooded, sparse and vaguely Asian in{{U}} (3) {{/U}}, with perhaps a Zen fountain in one corner, a Yoga area in another. Or they resemble electronic control rooms with all sorts of{{U}} (4) {{/U}}, computers, routers, antennae, screens and remote controls. Occasionally, both elements are{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. "She" may have the living room and'public areas, {{U}}(6) {{/U}}"he" is banished with his toys up or down the stairs. Currently, the gadget lovers have powerful allies. Many of the largest companies in the consumer-electronics, computer, telecoms and internet industries have made a strategic decision to{{U}} (7) {{/U}}visions of a "digital home", "eHome", or "connected home". Doubting that{{U}} (8) {{/U}}from corporate customers will ever{{U}} (9) {{/U}}to the boom levels of the late 1990s, Microsoft, Intel, Sony, Verizon, Comcast, Hewlett-Packard, Apple and others see the consumer{{U}} (10) {{/U}}their best chance for growth and will be throwing a bewildering{{U}} (11) {{/U}}of home "solutions" at{{U}} (12) {{/U}}in the coming months and years. To understand what the{{U}} (13) {{/U}}ultimately have in{{U}} (14) {{/U}}it is best to visit the{{U}} (15) {{/U}} homes that most have built on their campuses or at trade shows.{{U}} (16) {{/U}}cosy and often intimidating, these feature flat screens almost everywhere,{{U}} (17) {{/U}}electronic picture frames in the bedroom from the large TV-substitute in the living room. Every{{U}} (18) {{/U}}has a microchip and can be{{U}} (19) {{/U}}to, typed into or clicked onto. Everything is{{U}} (20) {{/U}}to a central computer through wireless links.

单选题How did the company come to produce a record glorifying the murder of police, which is entitled Cop Killer by the rapper Ice-T on the album Boby Count ? The album is released by Warner Bros. Records, part of the Time Warner media and entertainment conglomerate. In a Wall Street Journal oped piece laying out the company's position, Time Warner co CEO Gerald Levin makes two defenses. First, Ice-T's Cop Killer is misunderstood. "It doesn't induce or glorify violence... It's his fictionalized attempt to get inside a character's head ... Cop Killer is no more a call for gunning down the police than Frankie and Johnny is a summons for jilted lovers to shoot one another.' Instead of "finding ways to silence the messenger," we should be "heeding the anguished cry contained in his message." This defense is self-contradictory. Frankie and Johnny does not pretend to have a political "message" that must be "heeded. ' If Cop Killer has a message, it is that the murder of policemen is a justified response to police brutality. And not in self-defense, but in premeditated acts of revenge against random cops. Killing policemen is a good thing--that is the plain meaning of the song, and no "larger understanding" of black culture, the rage of the streets or anything else can explain it away. As in much of .today's popular music, the line between performer and performance is purposely blurred. These are political sermonettes clearly intended to support the sentiments being expressed. Tracy Marrow (Ice-T) himself has said, "I scared the police, and they need to be scared." That seems clear. The company's second defense of Cop Killer is the classic one of free expression: "We stand for creative freedom. We believe that the worth of what an artist or journalist has to say does not depend on preapproval from a government official or a corporate censor." Of course Ice-T has the right to say whatever he wants. But that doesn't require any company to provide him an Outlet. And it doesn't relieve a company of responsibility for the messages it chooses to promote. Judgment is not "censorship. "Many an "anguished cry" goes unrecorded. This one was recorded, and promoted, because a successful artist under contract wanted to record it. Nothing wrong with making money, but a company cannot take the money and run from the responsibility. The founder of Time, Henry Luce, would have scorned the notion that his company provided a value-free forum for the exchange of ideas. In Luce's system, editors were supposed to make value judgments and promote the truth as they saw it.

单选题It's a program designed to______ mainly to 16 to 25 year olds.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)

单选题______ modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.

单选题When a child meets a swindling tutor, the parents will lose money while the child will lose precious opportunities to move forward.

单选题As soon as the exams were over, the students all went their ______ ways. A. homely B. perspective C. respective D. diverted

单选题The views of Pielke and Dr. Wigley on how to face global warming are

单选题(2008) China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the______of the five principles of peaceful co-existence.

单选题On CD-ROM drive, data signals are transferred to the computer through ______. A．read-write heads B．access arms C．sectors D．a laser

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Last year, one group of students in Taiwan did just that. They took chances-and ended up in jail. More than 20 students paid a cram school owner to help them cheat on Taiwan's entrance exam, according to police. The students received answers to test questions through cell phones and other electronic devices. Taiwan isn't the only place in Asia to see major cheating scandals. In both India and South Korea, college entrance exams have been stolen and sold to students. Academic cheating has risen dramatically over the last decade. Duke University conducted a survey of 50,000 university and 18,000 high school students in America. More than 70 percent of the students admitted cheating. Just 10 years earlier, only 56 percent said they had cheated. This trend extends far beyond the U. S., too. In Asia, where students face intense pressure to excel, the cheating problem is especially pronounced. In many Asian countries, a student's performance is measured mostly by exam scores. And admission to a top school depends on acing standardized tests. This test-driven culture makes cheating an easy way for students to get ahead in a super-competitive academic system. But the pressure to perform well on tests isn't the only thing turning students into cheaters. For one, new technology makes cheating easier than ever. Students now have more sophisticated options than just "cheat sheets" hidden in pencil boxes. Today's tech-smart students use text-messaging to discreetly send each other test answers. They post questions from standardized tests on internet bulletin boards. Students in Asia, for example, have posted questions from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE). Deeper issues than technology and testing, however, may be leading to the rise in academic dishonesty. Both students and educators say that society offers too many negative role models. Businesspeople make millions and scientists eam intemational acclaim by cheating and lying. The case of Korean scientist Hwang Woo Suk offers one powerful example. He faked the results of his stem cell research and became a national hero. From many sectors of society, the message to students is loud and clear: Cheating is an easy way to get ahead. Victoria Lin, a high school teacher in Taichung, says educators must begin to stress integrity as well as achievement in academics. That's what she tries to instill in her students. "I always tell my students, 'How much is your character worth? 100 points? 90 points?'" Jerry Chang, a student at Taiwan's Oriental Institute of Technology, also has words of advice for classmates he sees cheating. "When you cheat on exams, you only cheat yourself," he says, "because you won't know how much you've really learned."

单选题He ______ his brother in appearance but not at all in character.

单选题There has been nothing more astonishing in the progress of war which is really the application of the mechanics of force to human nature______the position that public opinion occupies.

单选题To study something scientifically, you first have to measure it, and psychologists have developed tests for many mental traits. And contrary to popular opinion, the tests work pretty well. They give a similar measurement of a person every time they are administered, and they statistically predict life outcomes like school and job performance, psychiatric diagnoses, and marital stability. Tests for intelligence might ask people to recite a string of digits backward, define a word like " predicament, " identify what an egg and a seed have in common, or assemble four triangles into a square. Personality tests ask people to agree or disagree with statements like " Often I cross the street in order not to meet someone I know, " "I often was in trouble in school, " "Before I do something I try to consider how my friends will react to it, " and " People say insulting and vulgar things about me. " People"s answers to a large set of these questions tend to vary in five major ways; openness to experience, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness(as opposed to antagonism), and neuroticism. The scores can then be compared with those of relatives who vary in relatedness and family background. The most prominent finding of behavioral genetics has been summarized by the psychologist Eric Turkheimer: "The nature-nurture debate is over... All human behavioral traits are heritable. " By this he meant that a substantial fraction of the variation among individuals within a culture can be linked to variation in their genes. Whether you measure intelligence or personality, religiosity or political orientation, television watching or cigarette smoking, the outcome is the same. Behavioral geneticists like Turkheimer are quick to add that many of the differences among people cannot be attributed to their genes. First among these are the effects of culture, which cannot be measured by these studies because all the participants come from the same culture, typically middle-class European or American. The importance of culture is obvious from the study of history and anthropology. The reason most of us don"t challenge each other to duals or worship our ancestors or chug down a nice warm glass of cow urine has nothing to do with genes and everything to do with the milieu in which we grew up. But this still leaves the question of why people in the same culture differ from one another.