单选题The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making. In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.

单选题I thought 1 was going to fail the exam, but I passed______.

单选题The proposal I objected to ______ finally last night and I did not feel happy about it.A. passingB. passC. was passedD. passed

单选题Human-centered, or anthropocentric, views A favor an instrumental view of the natural world and value it only as B a means to human ends . Such views place great value and trust in science and technology, believing that the powers of control over nature C conferred by them are non-problematical and that ongoing technical development D will be crucial to ensure a world bereft of poverty, drudgery and disease etc.

单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} Still happily together, Mayer Solen and Joann Oakes credit Senior-Net for "introducing" them not only to each other but also to a world of computer-literate over-60 s. "Senior-Net offers a forum where senior citizens can talk freely, help each other, and even console each other,"Joann says. "Even though we are scattered across the country, we can share thoughts, opinions and concerns about issues that affect us. It's like a big family. When Mayer and I travel around the country, we make it a point to look up other Senior-Net members." Mary Furlong, founder of the 10-years-old network, says it is a painless way to socialize, especially for those recently widowed and reluctant to go out alone, and for the disabled. Senior-Net has more then 6 000 members across the United States. Joann Oakes and Mayer Solen fell for each other just before Christmas in 1991. She had been watching from a distance as Mr. Solen flitted from one group of friends to another. Finally, the two began a conversation. They discovered they were both widowed. They talked on and on. At midnight, they said good night, turned off their computers and went to bed, Mr. Solen in the south-western state of Nevada, and Mrs. Oakes in the north-western state of Washington. From then on they talked nearly every day via their computers until their marriage. Computers are playing Cupid for what seems to be an unlikely target—a generation that didn't know the difference between a mouse and a modem until they reached 60. Now, older adults are plugged in to exchange gardening tips, debate religion ,or try to recall the lines of old time popular songs. The marriage between seniors and computers is, in fact, perfectly natural. They grew up in a time when people wrote weekly letters to each other and kept journals and diaries. A computer is an easier way to do the same. With no risk of censure or rejection, grandfathers can let their hair down. Church-going people confess they are not really sure what they think about religion. People who always thought of themselves as conserved and "respectable" may be found flirting shamelessly with correspondents who live 500 miles away. If anyone dislikes the company or the discussion, they don't have to be polite. "Just hit the control button and you're gone," says Joann Oakes.

单选题According to the passage, what causes potassium and water in the mimosa to shift from some cells to others?

单选题 Even plants can run a fever, especially when they are under attack by insects or disease. But{{U}} (1) {{/U}}humans, plants can have their temperature{{U}} (2) {{/U}}from 3,000 feet away—straight up. A decade ago,{{U}} (3) {{/U}}the infrared scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley{{U}} (4) {{/U}}a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine{{U}} (5) {{/U}}ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmer{{U}} (6) {{/U}}target pesticide spraying{{U}} (7) {{/U}}rain poison on a whole field, which{{U}} (8) {{/U}}include plants that don't have the pest problem. Even better, Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became{{U}} (9) {{/U}}to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet{{U}} (10) {{/U}}, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were{{U}} (11) {{/U}}into a color-coded map showing{{U}} (12) {{/U}}plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they{{U}} (13) {{/U}}would. The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers{{U}} (14) {{/U}}the new technology and long-term backers were hard{{U}} (15) {{/U}}. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to{{U}} (16) {{/U}}into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt about the technology works. "This technique can be used{{U}} (17) {{/U}}75 percent of agricultural land in the United States," says George Oerther of Texas A＆M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks{{U}} (18) {{/U}}infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But{{U}} (19) {{/U}}Paley finds the financial backing{{U}} (20) {{/U}}he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

单选题I______you can swim so well and I can't.

单选题There are few electronic applications ______ to raise fear regarding future employment opportunities than robots. A. likely B. more likely C. most likely D. much likely

单选题Passage 3 The period of adolescence, i.e, the period between childhood and adulthood, maybe long or short, depending on social expectations and on society's definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with pattems of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one's life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society. In modern society, ceremonies of adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition. The significance of each depends on the social-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, rights, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve-year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increase his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a driver's license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights. The young man can now be a soldier, he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.

单选题The apprenticeship can bring Gemma Magson many benefits NOT because it

单选题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} It's very interesting to note where the debate about diversity (多样化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate (公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leaders know that if that doesn't occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need. Likewise, I don't hear people in the academy saying "Let's go backward. Let's go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy (不拘一格选人才)" (which was never true--we never had a meritocracy, although we've come closer to it in the last 30 years). I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where we hear this debate is primarily in political circles and in the media-- not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.

单选题The old city of Beijing was surrounded bya______wall with fortified gates on four sides.

单选题If we continue to destroy the countryside, more animals will become ______. A. distinct B. distinguished C. endangered D. extinct

单选题With China"s growing influence over the global economy, and its increasing ability to project military power, competition between the United States and China is inevitable.【R1】______Most academic analysts are not so sanguine. If history is any guide, China"s rise does indeed pose a challenge to America. Rising powers seek to gain more authority in the global system, and declining powers rarely go down without a fight. And given the differences between the Chinese and American political systems, pessimists might believe that is an even higher likelihood of war. I am a political realist. Western analysts have labeled my political views " hawkish," and the truth is that I have never overvalued the importance of morality in international relations.【R2】______In fact, morality can play a key role in shaping international competition between political powers—and separating the winners from the losers. 【R3】______They were writing in the pre-Qin period, before China was unified as an empire more than 2,000 years ago. It was perhaps the greatest period for Chinese thought, and several schools competed for ideological supremacy andpolitical influence. They converged on one crucial insight; the key to international; influence was political power, and the central attribute of political power was morally informed leadership. Rulers who acted in accordance with moral norms whenever possible tended to win the race fpr leadership over the long term. Over the next decade, China"s leaders must play a larger role on the world stage and offer more security protection and economic support to less powerful countries.【R4】______Such competitionmay cause diplomatic tensions, but there is little danger of military clashes. That"s because future Chinese-American competition will differ from that between the United States and the Soviet Union during the cold war.【R5】______ China"s quest to enhance its world leadership status and America"s effort to maintain its present position is a zero-sum game. It is the battle for people"s hearts and minds that will determine who eventually prevails. And, as China"s ancient philosophers predicted, the country that displays more humane authority will win.A. Neither China nor America needs proxy wars to protect its strategic interests or to gain access to natural resources and technology.B. I came to this conclusion from studying ancient Chinese political theorists like Guanzi, Confucius, Xunzi and Mencius.C. This will mean competing with the United States politically, economically and technologically.D. Leaders of both countries assert optimistically that the competition can be managed without clashes that threaten the global order.E. But realism does not mean that politicians should be concerned only with military and economic might.

单选题What's the position of the head of human resources management in American companies?

单选题Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man 1 it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something definitely. His purpose is settled and decided in 2 He knows what he wants, and his 3 is to find it and get it. Almost all men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for their needs if they are not in a supermarket. If the shop has them in 4 , the deal can be made in less than five minutes, with 5 any chat and to everyone"s satisfaction. For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have 6 he wants. In that case, the salesman tries to sell the customer something 7 —he offers the nearest to the article required. Good salesman brings out such a substitute with 8 : "I know this is not the style you want, sir; but would you like to try it for size? It happens to 9 the color you told me." Few men 10 patience with this kind of treatment, and the usual response is: "This is the right color and maybe the right size, 11 I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it 12 ." For a woman, buying clothes is always clone in the opposite way. She goes 13 when she wants to wander on the streets. She has never been fully aware what she wants, and she is only "window shopping". She is always open 14 persuasion, willing to try on 15 number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding 16 that everyone thinks suits her. Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the look-out for the unexpected 17 . Faced with a roomful of 18 , a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. 19 is a tiresome process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops 20 chairs for the waiting husbands.

单选题______ and the lesson began. A) In came the teacher B) Came in the teacher C) Came the teacher in D) In came she