单选题The author tries to convince us that

单选题Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own【C1】______the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent【C2】______of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was【C3】______, or by whom. But it began to be【C4】______in the early 1900s. Jazz is America' s contribution to【C5】______music. In contrast to classical music, which【C6】______formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous nod free-form. It bubbles with energy, 【C7】______the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s, jazz【C8】______like America. And【C9】______it does today. The【C10】______of this music are as interesting as the music【C11】______. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz【C12】______They were brought to the Southern states【C13】______slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long【C14】______When a Negro died his friends and relatives【C15】______a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanies the【C16】______. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 【C17】______on the way home the mood changed. Spirits fired. Death had removed one of their【C18】______, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played【C19】______music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the times【C20】______at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.

单选题 The oceans are the main source of humidity, but plants also pour moisture into the air. In one day, a five - acre forest can release 20, 000 gallons of water, enough to fill an average swimming, pool. A dryer extracts moisture from wet clothes, adding to humidity. Even breathing contributes to this sticky business. Every time we exhale, we expel nearly one pint of moist air into the atmosphere. Using sophisticated measuring devices, science is learning more and more about the far - reaching and often surprising impact humidity has on all of us. Two summers ago angry callers phoned American Television and Communications Corp. ' s cable - TV operation in northeastern Wisconsin, complaining about fuzzy pictures and poor reception. "What happened," said the chief engineer, "was that the humidity was interfering with our signals. "When a blast of dry air invaded the state, the number of complaints dropped sharply. Humidity plays hob with our mechanical world as well. Water condensation on the playing beads and tapes of videocassette recorders produces a streaky picture. Humidity shortens the life of flashlight and smoke - detector batteries. When the weather gets sticky, the rubber belts that power the fan, air conditioner and alternator under the hood of our cars can get wet and squeak. Moisture also causes pianos to go out of tune, often in no time flat. At the Wolf Trap Farm Park for the Performing Arts in Vienna, Va. , pianos are tuned twice a day during the summer concert season. Often a tuner stands in the wings, ready to make emergency adjustments during performances. Humidity speeds the deterioration of treasured family photos and warps priceless antiques. Your home' s wooden support beams, doors and window framers absorb extra moisture and expand - swelling up to three percent depending on the wood, its grain and the setting. Too much moisture promotes blight that attacks potato and green - bean crops--adding to food costs. It also causes rust in wheat, which can affect grain- product prices. Humidity affects our health, as well. We get more migraine headaches, ulcer attacks, blood clots and skin rashes in hot, humid weather. Since 1987, the Health, Weight and Stress Clinic at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore has tested over 1700 patients for responses to high humidity. They have reported increased dizziness, stomachaches, chest pains, cramps, and visual disturbances such as double and blurred vision.

单选题When we credit the successful people with intelligence, physical strength or good luck we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall ______ in all three.(2002年中国人民大学考博试题)

单选题The National ______ contains many valuable pictures.

单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} British Columbia is a province in the western half of Canada. It is the largest province in the western half of Canada, but two other provinces are larger. The weather in the southern half of British Columbia is mild. In fact, it is the mildest in Canada. For this reason, many older people come to live in this area of Canada. There are about three and a half million people living in British Columbia. Only Ontario and Quebec have more people, about half of British Columbia's people originally came from England. Many other people's families came to Canada from Scotland, Ireland, and Germany. Today this province has a higher percentage of Asians than any of the Other nine provinces. Vancouver is the largest city in British Columbia. Many international visitors come to Vancouver. They come to see the natural beauty of the coast and the beautiful mountains. Many ships stop at Vancouver, and it is the largest port in all of Canada.

单选题 A serious critic has to comprehend the particular content, unique structure, and special meaning of a work of art. And here she faces a dilemma. The critic must recognize the artistic element of uniqueness that requires subjective reaction; yet she must not be unduly prejudiced by such reactions. Her likes and dislikes are less important than what the work itself communicates, and her preferences may blind her to certain qualities of the work and thereby prevent an adequate understanding of it. Hence, it is necessary that a critic develop a sensibility informed by familiarity with the history of art and aesthetic theory. On the other hand, it is insufficient to treat the artwork solely historically, in relation to a fixed set of ideas or values. The critic's knowledge and training are, rather, a preparation of the cognitive and emotional abilities needed for all adequate personal response to an artwork's own particular qualities.

单选题He ______ his letter of application to the director of the Personnel Department of that company.

单选题When it comes to jealousy, men and women aren't always on the same page. Previous studies have shown that, while men are more likely to see red over a partner's sexual infidelity, women are more upset by emotional cheating. Evolutionary psychologists- theorize that the difference is rooted in the sexes' historical roles--men wanted to guarantee that their partners were carrying their children, while women needed to feel secure that they and their children would be cared for by a committed partner. Yet, that evolutionary explanation doesn't account for a large group of men who say that emotional disloyalty is more upsetting than sexual infidelity, and women who are more upset by sexual betrayal. To gain a more thorough understanding of gender and jealousy, researchers from Pennsylvania State University (PSU) approached the issue with some modem psychology. In a study published in the journal Psychological Science, researchers found that, while generally speaking, the evolutionary explanation of gender and jealousy held up, when viewed through the lens of attachment theory--broadly, the psychological theory about our tendency to foster intimate relationships with other people--both men and women with secure emotional histories were more likely to experience jealousy over emotional infidelity, and those who were insecure or dismissing, were more likely to be vexed by sexual cheating. To tackle the issue, researchers recruited 416 college students from New York City, whose attachment styles were assessed through questionnaires containing a series of vignettes (short descriptions or pictures)--each reflecting either secure, fearful, preoccupied, or dismissing attachment styles. Participants were instructed to select the story that most accurately reflected their own attitude about romantic relationships, and were categorized accordingly. In a subsequent questionnaire, participants were asked whether they would be more upset by their partner "having passionate sexual intercourse with another person," or "forming a deep emotional attachment to another person." They found that, regardless of gender, 77.3% of securely attached participants viewed emotional infidelity as more upsetting, while 64.8% of insecure or dismissing participants thought sexual cheating was worse. These findings, the authors say, shed light on the intricate psychological nature of jealousy, and may help to develop techniques to determine the underlying dynamics of sexual jeaiousy--a well-documented cause of spousal abuse, beating and even murder. The authors suggest that, gaining a better understanding of not only the broad differ ences in jealousy between the sexes, but of the differences in jealousy within genders, may help to identify methods for interrupting abuse by fostering stable, secure attachments.

单选题The television series mentioned is healthy in that______

单选题Woman: You are too careful. I can hardly put up with a car moving at this speed. Man: Once bitten twice shy. I was involved in a head-on collision a few months ago. I don't want to repeat it. Question: What can we learn from the conversation?

单选题Those who want more economic growth believe that continued economic growth ______. A. is essential to the well-being of society as a whole B. can provide the solution to many of our social problems today C. can protect our environment from being polluted by industry D. can provide us with more natural resources for industrialization

单选题The main trouble is______enough knowledge.

单选题All bad things are interconnected, and any one of them is______to be the cause of any other.

单选题 In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to "Have a nice day" has caught on all over Israel. "Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, ' Let's be nicer' "says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. "Nothing happens without competition." Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies (垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls "the revengeful (报复的) consumer". When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, " People wanted revenge for ali the years of bad service." The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait haft a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. The graceless EIAI Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖), has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, "You can feel the change in the air. "For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.

单选题In the last century people have accomplished almost unbelievable technological feats. From the invention of the steamship to the development of the spaceship, humankind"s mechanical genius has been displayed. A phone is picked up and through a thin, plastic-coated wire, conversation reaches people around the block or thousands of miles away. Television creates images on a glass screen, and soon, through holography(全息照相技术) a screen may not even be needed. This apparent technological mastery has led people to the quite incorrect and dangerous belief that technology can solve any and every problem the environment presents. All that is needed is enough time, effort, money, and know-how. But not everything is possible. For instance, unaided humans in their present form could not run a mile in one minute, or anywhere near it. That is believed to be biologically impossible. Just as some things are biologically impossible, others are technologically infeasible or improbable. It is not likely that we will solve the world"s food problem technologically. Even with the great advances in methods of food production, more people are starving today than ever before. This is partially because population is increasing faster than the research and innovations that compensate for such population growth. Technology, for most people, is not the solution to the loneliness or despair, nor will it alleviate(缓解) hatred or prejudice. It can be a tool but not a total cure. In fact, the advanced technologies of modern people might ultimately end our existence, because if technological "progress" is not accompanied by appropriate social change and ecological(生态的) responsibility, people may drown in the poisons of their own industrial wastes.

单选题I am used ______ my sleep interrupted. A. to have B. having C. have D. to having

单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to de things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise. It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome. Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side. Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.