单选题{{B}}Directions: {{/B}}Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B,C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I.{{B}}Passage One{{/B}} The next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when they were below. He was a Serere tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and back, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta felt badly for having wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darkness for moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Serere's dark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even as they stood looking at each other-this time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in bis ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managed to stagger back up among the other men from their shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with buckets of seawater. A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kunta's wounds, and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing that had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump and dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from their new beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily up and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing "Toubob fa!" And when he had finally been chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart throbbed with a lust to murder toubob. Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into the stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelves where the chained men lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring bale fully in hatred, following the bobbing orange lights, listening to the toubob cursing and sometimes slipping and t. ailing into the slickness underfoot-so plentiful now, because of the increasing looseness of the men's bowels, that the filth had begun to drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisleway. The last time they were on deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing that the man's leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tend him, but that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot pieces of metal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds of acrid steam left the hold smelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelmed by the choking stink. It was a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin. The steady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gone kept growing in volume and intensity as the men began to communicate better and better with one another. Words not understood were .whispered from mouth to ear along the shelves until someone who knew more than one tongue would send back their meanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf learned new words in tongues they had not spoken before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, in the double excitement of communicating with each other and the fact that it was being done without the toubob's knowledge. Muttering among themselves for hours, the men developed a deepening sense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though they were of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not from different peoples or places.

单选题______ the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.

单选题Where are ______ rest rooms? They are on the second floor.

单选题Individuals may at various points in their fives experience discrimination in the allocation of resources either ______ of being too old or too young.

单选题______，John would have told you about it． 　 A．If he has known it　 B．Had he known it 　　C．If he knew it 　　　 D．Should he know it

单选题There are some people who will use any kind of argument, no matter how illogical, so long as they can______an opponent.

单选题Saussure took a (n)______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ______point of view. (西安交通大学2008研)

单选题Unfortunately, the woman's hat ______ my view of the stage.

单选题The municipal government ______ heavy responsibilities for the urban planning and development.

单选题Pottery enabled primitive people to boil and steam food, which in turn allowed them to gain ______ from new and more varied sources.

单选题A new kind of machine (21) to take the place of humans. These machines can do jobs that are too dangerous for humans. (22) , they are being developed to work in nuclear power centers, deep waters and outer space. This is how the new machines work. A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who controls it. The person wears a special hard hat with tiny television screens. The screens (23) the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing. This gives the person the feeling of being in the same place (24) the machine. The person controls the machine. The machine follows the person's movements exactly. If the person raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. This means an (25) worker can do a dangerous job while (26) in a safe place. For example, a person can direct the machine (27) a bomb (28) gooing near the bomb himself. The new machines are not exactly (29) robots. Robots are controlled by a computer. The new machines are controlled by a person. The new machines are called teleoperators. The nuclear power industry is especially interested in teleoperators. The machines could solve the problem of (30) radioactive materials.

单选题Newspapers are not nearly as popular today as they were in the past. There are not very many people who seriously read a newspaper every day. Most people read only the sports pages, the advice or gossip columns, the comics, and perhaps the classified advertisements. Most people don"t take the time to read the real news. Newspaper editors say that their readers are lazy. They say they have to trick people into reading the news. They attempt to catch the reader"s interest with pictures and exciting headlines. These techniques are used on the front page because it is the first thing you see when you pick up the paper. The first page attracts attention and encourages the reader to look through the rest of the paper. This is why editors always look for a good first page story and headlines that make you stop and look. If the headline is horrible enough or frightening enough or wild enough, perhaps you will go on to read the rest of the story. Just the same, there are a lot of people who do not even read the front page anymore. They may read the headlines, but that is all. Then they turn to the sports page, or comics, or advertisements. It seems that people do not want the news from a newspaper anymore. They say they get the news on the television now. More people watch television news because it is easier and more interesting than reading a newspaper. What about you? Do you read news from a newspaper? Do you watch the news on television? Do you think it easier to get the news from television? Do you listen to the radio? Or do you even care about news at all? Would you mind if there were no news?

单选题We are (at) a critical point in our nation's history and we cannot go back as individuals or (as a country) to (what) .we were ten, five or even one year (earlier).

单选题Such noble deeds of the doctors and nurses can't be only ______ with money. A. rewarded B. awarded C. praised D. valued

单选题The trees in that thick forest are so close together that there is hardly any room to move ______ them.A. betweenB. inC. amongD. across

单选题 The process of gaining or losing weight can be explained by comparing your body to your car. Both run {{U}}(56) {{/U}} fuel, food for your body and gasoline for your car. Both {{U}}(57) {{/U}} that fuel, first into heat, then energy, some of {{U}}(58) {{/U}} is used to do work, and some emitted as waste. And {{U}}(59) {{/U}} your car uses more energy when the engine is racing than when it is idling, {{U}}(60) {{/U}} does your body use more energy when you are working hard than {{U}}(61) {{/U}} you are resting. For the purpose of this comparison, {{U}}(62) {{/U}}, there is one significant difference between them. Your car cannot store fuel by turning it into {{U}}(63) {{/U}} else; all gasoline not {{U}}(64) {{/U}} remains as gasoline. But your body stores {{U}}(65) {{/U}} energy as fat. When the gas tank is {{U}}(66) {{/U}} empty, the car won't run; but your body can burn fat to provide more energy. Therefore, if you want to gain weight, you must do {{U}}(67) {{/U}} of two things: eat more calories (units of heat, therefore energy), or use less through {{U}}(68) {{/U}}. If you want to lose weight, you do the {{U}}(69) {{/U}}, decrease your intake of calories or increase the amount of energy you spend. There is {{U}}(70) {{/U}} way. Gaining or losing weight is always a relation between intake and output of potential energy.

单选题Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes in contact with them. Their values—this can"t be repeated too often—are not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves faced with a flat with decaying food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone on bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of ? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old. Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The body is like a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older. You can carry this comparison right through to the provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results. And at what point should you cease to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by pursuing the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to activate the old body, knowing that it is designed to die? You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try on the principle that while there"s life, there"s hope. ? When you talk to the old people, however, you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than it does on your ability to have sun.

单选题{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} If you are a fan of science fiction, you've no doubt encountered the term nanotechnology. Yet over the past year also, a series of breakthroughs have transformed nanotech from sci-fi fantasy into a real world. Applied science, in the process, inspired huge investments by business, academia, and government. In industries as diverse as health care, computers, chemicals, and aerospace, nanotech is overhauling production techniques, resulting in new and improved products, some of which may already be in your home or workplace. The inspiration for nanotech goes back to a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman, then a professor at the California Institute of Technology, titled "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom. " Four decades later, Chad Mirkin, a Chemistry professor at Northwestern University's $ 34 million nanotech center, used a nanoscale device to etch most of Feynman's speech onto a surface the size of about 10 tobacco smoke particles. What accounts for the sudden acceleration of nanotechnology? A key breakthrough came in 1990, when researchers at IBM's Almaden Research Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms at will. Using a device' known as a scanning probe microscope, the team slowly moved 35 atoms to spell the three-letter IBM logo, thus proving Feynman right. The entire Logo was less than three nanometers. Soon, scientists were not only manipulating individual atoms but "spray painting" with them as well. Using a tool known as a molecular beam epitaxy, scientists have learned to create ultra fine films of specialized crystals, built up one molecular layer at a time. This is the technology used today to build read-head components for computer hard drives. The next stage in the development of nanotechnology borrows a page from nature. Building a supercomputer no bigger than a speck of dust might seem an impossible task, until one realizes that evolution solved such problems more than a billion years ago. Living cells contain all sorts of nanoscale motors made of proteins that perform myriad mechanical and chemical functions, from muscle contraction to photosynthesis. In some instances, such motors may be re-engineered, or imitated, to produce products and processes useful to humans. How are these biologically inspired machines constructed? Often, they construct themselves, manifesting a phenomenon of nature known as self assembly. The macromolecules of such biological machines have exactly the right shape and chemical binding preferences to ensure that when they combine they will snap together in predesigned ways. For example, the two strands that make up DNA's double helix match each other exactly, which means that if they are separated in a complex chemical mixture, they are still able to find each other easily.

单选题{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}} Fire can help people in many ways. But it can be very dangerous. Fire can heat water, warm houses, give light and cook. But fire can bum things, too. It can bum trees, houses, animals or people. Sometimes big fires can burn forests. Nobody knows for sure how people began to use fire. But there are many interesting stories about the first time a man or a woman started a fire. One story from Australia tells about a man very, very long time ago. He went up to the sun by a rope (绳子) and brought fire down. Today people know how to make a rue with matches (火柴) . Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can bum a piece of paper and then it might bum a house. A small fire can become a big fire very fast. Fire kills many people every year. So you must be careful with matches. You should also learn to put out rues. (80) {{U}}Fires need oxygen(氧气). Without oxygen they will die. Cover a fire with water, sand, or sometimes with your coat.{{/U}} This keeps the air away from a fire and kills it. Be careful with fire, and it will help you. Be careless with fire, and it will burn you.