单选题Text 2 Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people's natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different stifle of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers. These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover; as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community's population size and its social heterogeneity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so—called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.

单选题Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoё Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush's predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world's three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffet, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht). Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly. The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees, all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.

单选题The sense relation which holds the pair of words beef—meat is ______.

单选题We hoped to be able to get married early this month, but things didn't ______ as we had expected.

单选题Of all the applicants, ______ do you think is fit for the position? A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever

单选题(2009)The president declared the whole country into a state of______.

单选题We shall hardly please everyone, nor is it necessary that we ______.

单选题Man: We had a trip to South Africa this summer. Woman: ______ Man: Yes, we did. In fact, we even encountered a lion. A. Didn't you? B. How did it go? C. I bet you had a great time. D. I guess you did.

单选题Chomsky"s T. G. grammar has been considered by many people as an insurrection against Bloomfieldian linguistics and behaviorist psychology.

单选题Mrs. Edwards went back to the supermarket ______.

单选题______， the runners crossed the finish line.

单选题______a matter of disagreeing with the theory of independence______rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist.

单选题The square is 500 yards wide, five times______the size of St. Peter's in Rome.

单选题Suppose you have a brick and a sponge which are exactly the same size. The brick and the sponge will occupy the same amount of space, but they will not weigh the same. If two things are exactly the same size, but differ in weight, then they have different densities. The one with the greater weight for the same size has the greater density. The one with lower weight for the same size has the lower density. Now apply this idea to fluids. You know that water and air expand when they are heated and therefore become less dense. If you poured a cupful of very hot water and let it cool, you would have a little less than a cupfull of cool water. If you weighed a cupful of very hot water and a cupful of cool water, the cupful of very hot water would weigh a little less. The cupful of cool water, being a little heavier than the cupful of hot water, would really have a little more water in it. Cold water is denser than hot water. Likewise, cold air is denser than hot. air. The greater weigh! of !he denser material makes it fall to the bottom of the container. It pushes up the less dense material.

单选题According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today's traditional-age college freshmen are "more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)"than at any time in the 17 years of the poll. Not surprising in these hard times, the student's major objective "is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life." It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Interest in teaching, social service and the "altruistic" fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. That's no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job--even before she completed her two-year associate degree. While it's true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions- be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run! But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): "Miss Baxter," he says, "could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?" From the long-term point of view, that's what education really ought to be about.

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题Tom owns ______ larger collection of ______ books than any other students in our class.A. the ; /B. a; /C. a ; theD. /; the

单选题A: Hi, I'm your neighbor in 405, next door. I'm Sunny Chan. B: ______

单选题She could have cried, but she had no time to dwell ______her disappointment, for suddenly a harsh voice hailed her from below. A. on B. at C. in D. for