填空题We believe you will ______ no difficulty in selling this article． (meet, meet with)

填空题A."Itisalwaysbettertobuyahouse;payingrentislikepouringmoneydownthedrain."Foryears,suchadvicehasencouragedpeopletoborrowheavilytogetonthepropertyladderassoonaspossible.Butisitstillsoundadvice?Housepricesarecurrentlyatrecordlevelsinrelationtorentsinmanypartsoftheworldanditnowoftenmakesmorefinancialsense—especiallyforfirst-timebuyers—torentinstead.B."IfIdon'tbuynow,I'llnevergetonthepropertyladder"isacommoncryfromfirst-timebuyers.Ifhousepricescontinuetooutpacewages,thatistrue.Butitnowlooksunlikely.Whenpricesgetoutoflinewithwhatfirst-timerscanafford,astheyaretoday,theyalwayseventuallyfallinrealterms.Themyththatbuyingisalwaysbetterthanrentinggrewoutofthehighinflationeraofthe1970sand1950s.First-timebuyersthenalwaysendedupbetteroffthanrenters,becauseinflationerodedtherealvalueofmortgagesevenwhileitpusheduprents.Mortgage-interesttaxreliefwasalsoworthmorewheninflation,andhencenominalinterestrates,washigh.Withinflationnowtamed,homeownershipisfarlessattractive.C.Homebuyerstendtounderestimatetheircosts.Oncemaintenancecosts,insuranceandpropertytaxesareaddedtomortgagepayments,totalannualoutgoingsnoweasilyexceedthecostofrentinganequivalentproperty,evenaftertakingaccountoftaxbreaks.Ah,butcapitalgainswillmorethanmakeupforthat,itispopularlyargued.Overthepastsevenyears,averagehousepricesinAmericahaverisenby65%,thoseinBritain,Spain,AustraliaandIrelandhavemorethandoubled.Butitisunrealistictoexpectsuchgainstocontinue.Makingthe(optimistic)assumptionthathousepricesinsteadriseinlinewithinflation,andincludingbuyingandsellingcosts,thenoveraperiodofsevenyears,—theaveragetimeAmericanownersstayinonehouse—ourcalculationsshowthatyouwouldgenerallybebetteroffrenting.D.Bewarned,ifyoumakesuchaboldclaimatadinnerparty,youwillimmediatelybesetupon.Payingrentisthrowingmoneyaway,itwillbeargued.Muchbettertospendthemoneyonamortgage,andbysodoingbuildupequity.Thesnagisthatthetypicalfirst-timebuyerkeepsahouseforlessthanfiveyears,andduringthattimemostmortgagepaymentsgooninterest,notonrepayingtheloan.Andifpricesfall,itcouldwipeoutyourequity.E.Inanycase,arentercanaccumulatewealthbyputtingthemoneysavedeachyearfromthelowercostofrentingintoshares.Thesehave,historically,yieldedahigherreturnthanhousing.Puttingallyourmoneyintoahousealsobreaksthebasicruleofprudentinvesting:diversify.Andyes,itistruethatamortgageleveragesthegainsonyourinitialdepositonahouse,butitalsoamplifiesyourlossesifhousepricesfall.F.Thedivergencebetweenrentsandhousepricesis,ofcourse,evidenceofahousingbubble.Somedaypriceswillfallrelativetorentsandwages.Aftertheydo,itwillmakesensetobuyahome.Untiltheydo,thesmartmoneyisonrenting.G."Iwanttohaveaplacetocallhome"isapopularretort.Rentingprovideslesslong-termsecurityandyoucannotpaintallthewallsorangeifyouwantto.Homeownershipisanexcellentpersonalgoal,butitmaynotalwaysmakefinancialsense.Theprideof"owning"yourownhomemayquicklyfadeifyouaresaddledwithamortgagethatcostsmuchmorethanrenting.Also,rentingdoeshavesomeadvantages.Rentersfinditeasiertomoveforjoborfamilyreasons.Order:

填空题民办教师

填空题Leonardo da Vinci not only ______ great works of art，he also was a brilliant scientist．里奥纳多·达芬奇不仅创造了伟大的艺术品，他还是位卓越的科学家。

填空题These 5000 pieces of Cowhides are to be packed in two lots, 2000 and 3 000 and shipped on separate Bills of Lading as they are (11) for two different customers．

填空题satisfaction

填空题He is determined to succeed {{U}}父母失败之处{{/U}}

填空题Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones ; their success was attributed not to ability but factors such as luck. A. to have B. ones C. attributed D. but factors

填空题______policies and attitudes towards the different groups have often been quite similar, as have the responses to these policies and attitudes among them.(race)

填空题英译汉。(南京师范大学2008研，考试科目：基础英语)A book is essentially not a talked thing, but a written thing: and written, not with a view of mere communication, but of permanence. The book of talk is printed only because its author cannot speak to thousands of people at once: if he could, he would—the volume is mere multiplication of his voice. You cannot talk to your friend in India: if you could, you would: you write instead:that is mere conveyance of voice. But a book is written, not to multiply the voice merely, not to carry it merely, but to perpetuate it. The author has somediing to say which he perceives to be true and useful, or helpfully beautiful. So far as he knows, no one has yet said it: so far as he knows, no one else can say it. He is bound to say it, clearly and melodiously if he may: clearly, at all events.

填空题Optimal r______is said to reduce all Gricean maxims, including the CP itself, to a single principle.

填空题Directions: Pick out the appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. A. What about making it a little earlier? B. I have no idea. C. Let's go together. D. Thank you all the same. E. Do you like basketball? F. When and where shall we meet? G. It doesn't matter? H. What are you going to do? A: What do you plan to do this weekend? B: {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} A: I hear there's going to be a basketball match this Sunday. Tom and I are going to watch it. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}} B: Of course. Basketball is my favourite. But I have no ticket for the match. What a pity! A: You're lucky. I have some free tickets. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}} B: Great! {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}} A: Let's meet at the bus stop at half past five. B: I think there must be a big crowd of people there. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}} A: OK. See you at five o'clock. B: See you.

填空题Paraphrase the underlined idiomatic expressions in the following sentences.(10x1% = 10%) Bargaining is the order of the day .

填空题Obviously 这位发言人想要强调的是 the impact of these findings rather than the process that led to these findings.

填空题Distributed Systems 分布系统 Computer systems are undergoing a revolution. From 1945, when the modern computer era began, until about 1985, computers were large and expensive. Even minicomputers normally cost tens of thousands of dollars each. As a result, most organizations had only a handful of computers, and for lack of a way to connect them, they operated independently from one another. Starting in the mid 1980s, however, two advances in technology began to change that situation. The first was the development of powerful microprocessors. Initially, these were 8 bit machines, but soon 16, 32, and even 64 bit CPUs became common. Many of these had the computing power of a decent-sized mainframe (i. e. large) computer, but for a fraction of the price. The amount of improvement that has occurred in computer technology in the past half century is truly staggering and totally unprecedented in other industries. From a machine that cost 10 million dollars and executed 1 instruction per second, we have come to machines that cost 1,000 dollars and execute 10 million instructions per second, a price/ performance gain of 1011. If cars had improved at this rate in the same time period, a Roll Royce would now cost 10 dollars and get a billion miles per gallon. (Unfortunately, it would probably also have a 200 page manual telling how to open the door.) The second development was the invention of high speed computer networks. The local area networks, or LANs, allow dozens, or even hundreds, of machines within a building to be connected in such a way that small amounts of information can be transferred between machines in a millisecond or so. Larger amounts of data can be moved between machines at rates of 10 to 100 million bits/sec and sometimes more. The wide area networks, or WANs, allow millions of machines all over the earth to be connected at speeds varying from 64Kbps (kilobits per second) to gigabits per second for some advanced experimental networks. The result of these technologies is that it is now not only feasible, but easy, to put together computing systems composed of large numbers of CPUs connected by a high speed network. They are usually called distributed systems, in contrast to the previous centralized systems (or single processor systems) consisting of a single CPU, its memory, peripherals, and some terminals. There is only one fly in the ointment[1]: software. Distributed systems need radically different software than centralized systems do. In particular, the necessary operating systems are only beginning to emerge. The first few steps have been taken, but there is still a long way to go. Nevertheless, enough is already known about these distributed operating systems that we can present the basic ideas. What Is a Distributed System? Various definitions of distributed systems have been given in literature, none of them satisfactory and none of them in agreement with any of the others. For our purposes it is sufficient to give a loose characterization. A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appear to the users of the system as a single computer. This definition has two aspects. The first one deals with hardware: the machines are autonomous. The second one deals with software: the users think of the system as a single computer. Both are essential. Rather than going further with definitions, it is probably more helpful to give several examples of distributed systems. As a first example, consider a network of workstations in a university or company department. In addition to each users personal workstation, there might be a pool of processors in the machine room that are not assigned to specific users but are allocated dynamically as needed. Such a system might have a single file system, with all files accessible from all machines in the same way and using the same path name. Furthermore, when a user typed a command, the system could look for the best place to execute that command, possibly on the users own workstation, possibly on an idle workstation belonging to someone else, and possibly on one of the unassigned processors in the machine room. If the system as a whole looked and acted like a classical single processor timesharing system, it would qualify as a distributed system. As a second example, consider a factory full of robots, each containing a powerful computer for handling vision, planning, communication, and other tasks. When a robot on the assembly line notices that a part it is supposed to install is defective, it asks another robot in the parts department to bring it a replacement. If all the robots act like peripheral devices attached to the same central computer and the system can be programmed that way, it too counts as a distributed system. As a final example, think about a large bank with hundreds of branch offices all over the world. Each office has a master computer to store local accounts and handle local transactions. In addition, each computer has the ability to talk to all other branch computers and with a central computer at headquarters. If transactions can be done without regard to where a customer or account is, and the users do not notice any difference between this system and the old centralized mainframe that it replaced, it too would be considered a distributed system. Advantages of Distributed Systems over Centralized Systems The real driving force behind the trend toward decentralization is economics. A quarter of a century ago, computer pundit and gadfly Herb Grosch stated what later came to be known as Groschs law: the computing power of a CPU is proportional to the square of its price. By paying twice as much, you could get four times the performance. This observation fit the mainframe technology of its time quite well, and led most organizations to buy the largest single machine they could afford. With microprocessor technology, Groschs law no longer holds. For a few hundred dollars you can get a CPU chip that can execute more instructions per second than one of the largest 1980s mainframes. If you are willing to pay twice as much, you get the same CPU, but running at a somewhat higher clock speed. As a result, the most cost effective solution is frequently to harness a large number of cheap CPUs together in a system. Thus, the leading reason for the trend toward distributed systems is that these systems potentially have a much better price/performance ratio than a single large centralized system would have. In effect, a distributed system gives more bang for the buck[2]. A slight variation on this theme is the observation that a collection of microprocessors cannot only give a better price/performance ratio than a single mainframe, but may yield an absolute performance that no mainframe can achieve at any price. For example, with current technology it is possible to build a system from 10,000 modern CPU chips, each of which runs at 50 MIPS (Millions of Instructions Per Second), for a total performance of 500,000MIPS. For a single processor (i. e. CPU) to achieve this, it would have to execute an instruction in 0. 002 nsec (2 picosec). No existing machine even comes close to this, and both theoretical and engineering considerations make it unlikely that any machine ever will. Theoretically, Einsteins theory of relativity dictates that nothing can travel faster than light, which can cover only 0.6 mm in 2 picosec. Practically, a computer of that speed fully contained a 0.6 mm cube would generate so much heat that it would melt instantly. Thus, whether the goal is normal performance at low cost or extremely high performance at greater cost, distributed systems have much to offer. As an aside, some authors make a distinction between distributed systems, which are designed to allow many users to work together, and parallel systems, whose only goal is to achieve maximum speedup on a single problem, as our 500,000 MIPS machine might. We believe that this distinction is difficult to maintain because the design spectrum is really a continuum. We prefer to use the term distributed system in the broadest sense to denote any system in which multiple interconnected CPUs work together. A next reason for building a distributed system is that some applications are inherently distributed. A supermarket chain might have many stores, each of which gets goods delivered locally (possibly from local farms), makes local sales, and makes local decisions about which vegetables are so old or rotten that they must be thrown out. It therefore makes sense to keep track of inventory at each store on a local computer rather than centrally at corporate headquarters. After all, most queries and updates will be done locally. Nevertheless, from time to time, top management may want to find out how many rutabagas it currently owns. One way to accomplish this goal is to make the complete system look like a single computer to the application programs, but implement decentrally, with one computer per store as we have described. This would then be a commercial distributed system. Notes [1] There is only one fly in the ointment. 美中不足。 [2] gives more bang for the buck: buck，俚语，表示—美元。这句的意思是“小钱办大事”。

填空题Sales Assoc: Hi, are you being helped? Karen: No, I'm not. I'm interested in some scarves. Sales Assoc: (56) this one here? It's made of silk. Karen: Hm, it looks nice, but I'd like to have something warm for the winter. Sales Assoc: Maybe you would like a heavy wool scarf. (57) ? Karen: I think that's what I want. (58) ? Sales Assoc: It's seventy-five dollars plus tax. Karen: It's (59) . Is it possible to get a discount? Sales Assoc: Hm, since you like it so much, how about a 10 percent discount. That's the best I can offer. Karen: (60) . Could you wrap it up for me? Sales Assoc: Sure. Is there anything else I can get for you? Karen: No, that should be it. Thank you.