单选题Those students don't have to be made ______. They are all diligent students.

单选题 One in six. Believe it or not, that's the number of Americans who struggle with hunger. To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding America, the nation's largest 24 hunger-relief organization has chosen September as Hunger Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program, it's asking 25 across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 63,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuel they need to 26 . It's the kind of work that's done every day at St. Andrew's Episcopal Church in San Antonio. People who 27 at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren't looking for God—they're there for something to eat. St. Andrew's runs a food pantry (食品室)that 28 the city and several of the 29 towns. Janet Drane is its manager. In the wake of the 30 , the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is 31 that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal. What's most surprising is that 36% of them live in 32 where at least one adult is working. 'It used to be that one job was all you needed,' says St. Andrew's Drane. 'The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they're still right on the edge 33 .' A. survive B. surrounding C. serves D. reviewed E. reported F. recession G. households H. gather I. formally J. financially K. domestic L. competition M. communities N. circling O. accumulate

单选题He is often inclined to ______ in other people's affairs, which is none of his business.

单选题The DNA designed by Evan's technology differs strikingly from that synthesized by existing technology in that the former is characterized by its

单选题We are sorry to say that Mary is not the very person who can be ______ with either money or secret information. A. entrusted B. committed C. consigned D. assigned

单选题 Who Pressed the Pause Button? A. Between 1998 and 2013, the Earth's surface temperature rose at a rate of 0.04℃ a decade, far slower than the 0.18℃ increase in the 1990s. Meanwhile, emissions of carbon dioxide (which would be expected to push temperatures up) rose uninterruptedly. This pause in warming has raised doubts in the public mind about climate change. A few sceptics say flatly that global warming has stopped. Others argue that scientists' understanding of the climate is so flawed that their judgments about it cannot be accepted with any confidence. A convincing explanation of the pause therefore matters both to a proper understanding of the climate and to the credibility of climate science—and papers published over the past few weeks do their best to provide one. Indeed, they do almost too good a job. If all were correct, the pause would now be explained twice over. B. This is the opposite of what happened at first. As evidence piled up that temperatures were not rising much, some scientists dismissed it as a blip (暂时的问题). The temperature, they pointed out, had fallen for much longer periods twice in the past century or so, in 1880-1910 and again in 1945-1975, even though the general trend was up. Variability is part of the climate system and a 15-year hiatus (间断), they suggested, was not worth getting excited about. C. An alternative way of looking at the pause's significance was to say that there had been a slowdown but not a big one. Most records, including one of the best known (kept by Britain's Meteorological Office), do not include measurements from the Arctic, which has been warming faster than anywhere else in the world. Using satellite data to fill in the missing Arctic numbers, Kevin Cowtan of the University of York, in Britain, and Robert Way of the University of Ottawa, in Canada, put the overall rate of global warming at 0.12℃ a decade between 1998 and 2012—not far from the 1990s' rate. A study by NASA puts the 'Arctic effect' over the same period somewhat lower, at 0.07℃ a decade, but that is still not negligible. D. It is also worth remembering that average warming is not the only measure of climate change. According to a study just published by Sonia Seneviratne of the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, in Zurich, the number of hot days, the number of extremely hot days and the length of warm periods all increased during the pause (1998-2012). A more stable average temperature hides wider extremes. E. Still, attempts to explain away that stable average have not been convincing, partly because of the conflict between flat temperatures and rising CO2 emissions, and partly because observed temperatures are now falling outside the range climate models predict. The models embody the state of climate knowledge. If they are wrong, the knowledge is probably faulty, too. Hence attempts to explain the pause. Chilling news. F. In September 2013 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change did so in terms of fluctuating solar output, atmospheric pollution and volcanoes. All three, it thought, were unusually influential. G. The sun's power output fluctuates slightly over a cycle that lasts about 11 years. The current cycle seems to have gone on longer than normal and may have started from a lower base, so for the past decade less heat has been reaching Earth than usual. Pollution throws aerosols (气溶胶) into the air, where they reflect sunlight back into space. The more there are, the greater their cooling effect—and pollution from coal-fired power plants, in particular, has been rising. Volcanoes do the same thing, so increased volcanic activity tends to reduce temperatures. H. Gavin Schmidt and two colleagues at NASA's Goddard Institute quantify the effects of these trends in Nature Geoscience. They argue that climate models underplay the delayed and subdued solar cycle. They think the models do not fully account for the effects of pollution. And they claim that the impact of volcanic activity since 2000 has been greater than previously thought. Adjusting for all this, they find that the difference between actual temperature readings and computer-generated ones largely disappears. The implication is that the solar cycle and aerosols explain much of the pause. Blowing hot and cold. I. There is, however, another type of explanation. Much of the incoming heat is absorbed by oceans, especially the largest, the Pacific. Several new studies link the pause with changes in the Pacific and in the trade winds that influence the circulation of water within it. Trade winds blow east-west at tropical latitudes. In so doing they push warm surface water towards Asia and draw cooler, deep water to the surface in the central and eastern Pacific, which chills the atmosphere. Water movement at the surface also speeds up a giant churn (剧烈翻腾) in the ocean. This pulls some warm water downwards, sequestering (使隔绝) heat at greater depth. In a study published in Nature in 2013, Yu Kosaka and Shang-Ping Xie of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, in San Diego, argued that much of the difference between climate models and actual temperatures could be accounted for by cooling in the eastern Pacific. J. Every few years, as Dr Kosaka and Dr Xie observe, the trade winds slacken and the warm water in the western Pacific sloshes (晃荡) back to replace the cool surface layer of the central and eastern parts of the ocean. This weather pattern is called El Niño and it warms the whole atmosphere. There was an exceptionally strong Niño in 1997-1998, an unusually hot year. The opposite pattern, with cooler temperatures and stronger trade winds, is called La Niño. The 1997-98 Niño was followed by a series of Niñas, explaining part of the pause. K. Switches between El Niño and La Niño are frequent. But there is also a long-term cycle called the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (波动) (PDO), which switches from a warm (or positive) phase to a cool (negative) one every 20 or 30 years. The positive phase encourages more frequent, powerful Niños. According to Kevin Trenberth and John Fasullo of America's National Centre for Atmospheric Research, the PDO was positive in 1976-1998—a period of rising temperatures—and negative in 1943-1976 and since 2000, producing a series of cooling Niñas. L. But that is not the end of it. Laid on top of these cyclical patterns is what looks like a one-off increase in the strength of trade winds during the past 20 years. According to a study in Nature Climate Change, by Matthew England of the University of New South Wales and others, record trade winds have produced a sort of super-Niña. On average, sea levels have risen by about 3ram a year in the past 30 years. But those in the eastern Pacific have barely budged (挪动), whereas those near the Philippines have risen by 20cm since the late 1990s. A wall of warm water, in other words, is being held in place by powerful winds, with cool water rising behind it. According to Dr England, the effect of the trade winds explains most of the temperature pause. M. If so, the pause has gone from being not explained to explained twice over—once by aerosols and the solar cycle, and again by ocean winds and currents. These two accounts are not contradictory. The processes at work are understood, but their relative contributions are not. N. Nor is the answer to what is, from the human point of view, the biggest question of all, namely what these explanations imply about how long the pause might continue. On the face of it, if some heat is being sucked into the deep ocean, the process could simply carry on: The ocean has a huge capacity to absorb heat as long as the pump sending it to the bottom remains in working order. But that is not all there is to it. Gravity wants the western-Pacific water wall to slosh back; it is held in place only by exceptionally strong trade winds. If those winds slacken, temperatures will start to rise again. O. The solar cycle is already turning. And aerosol cooling is likely to be reined in by China's antipollution laws. Most of the circumstances that have put the planet's temperature rise on 'pause' look temporary. Like the Terminator, global warming will be back.

单选题 Public or Private? A. When jobseekers encounter an opening, they typically ask themselves a few basics—Am I qualified? Is it interesting work? What does it pay? Whether the job is in the public or private sector is a secondary matter. First and foremost is to find rewarding work that offers a good salary and comprehensive benefits. Yet there are significant differences between the public and private sector that could make similar sounding positions two very different experiences. Some workers seem quite capable of working in either environment, while others learn the hard way that they are ill-suited for one or the other. How do you know which is right for you? Here are some key differences to consider in making your career decision. B. Private organizations are funded by individuals or shareholders with a goal of making money. Public organizations are typically taxpayer supported and exist to serve some public need not adequately addressed by private companies. Rather than being profit-driven, they strive to deliver maximum services within the constraints of a fixed budget. In the private sector, job counselors advise clients to contact hiring managers directly whenever possible, via phone calls or through networking. Usually, you can talk your way into an interview. The public sector operates differently. Directly contacting hiring managers in the public sector will do little good because, typically, they must first post job openings (often to a website or telephone hotline), then consider only those who pass the initial job application screening. In the public sector, you must familiarize yourself with an agency's procedures, then follow them to the letter lest you be disqualified. In some cases, you will be required to take an exam. Books that help you prepare for civil service exams are readily available at book stores and many career centers. C. The sea of red ink that has swamped several public agencies has forced many to do the unthinkable—let people go, just like in the private sector. In fact, government has been losing jobs in California throughout 2004. In addition, a recent report by the governor advocates converting many government positions into private-sector contracting jobs. Still, if you can land a job at the city, county or state level and acquire some seniority, you have a good chance of weathering such cutbacks. So if job security is vital to you, a civil service position is your best bet. If you plan on changing jobs and moving out of the area, you will want the flexibility of the private sector. D. Some might argue that you will have more job satisfaction in the private sector. But I am not so sure. I know a teacher, social worker, administrator, and health educator, and they all enjoy their work. As with anything, much of their job satisfaction depends upon the meaningfulness of the work and the quality of their supervisor. A teacher, for example, may experience more job satisfaction than a secretary. The key is landing a job you want to do, whether it's public or private. If you are eager to be a manager, private employment may be for you. It's easier to win a promotion and you have more flexibility with employees since there are fewer rules to follow. In public employment, you will have to compete with any and all who want to apply for the job. E. In the public sector, pay is determined by your job title and years of service. In private industry, pay levels are usually based on your skills, qualifications, productivity, and contributions to the bottom line. Salary schedules with private employers may be more susceptible to downturns in the economy. However, the pay scale in a public agency is etched in stone, while in the private world you are only limited by what you can convince an employer you are worth. Certainly the public sector in general has better healthcare coverage, although many agencies are trying to pass on greater costs to workers(just as in the private sector). There is one area of benefits in which the private sector cannot compete—holidays. In addition, many public agencies pay retirees for a portion of their unused sick leave, a rarity in the private world. As for retirement, see below. F. Having lived through corporate politics, I understand how onerous they can be. But you are not free of this in public agencies. At the state level, everyone has to keep the governor happy. County-level staffers answer to a board of supervisors. At the local level, it's the city council or the school board. The military, police and fire departments have very. rigid chains of command. Perhaps the only place you can escape corporate or public politics is working for a small, privately held company. With less distance between you and the owner, you are more readily able to have a positive influence on what happens in your firm. If you hate sitting through meetings that drone on, well, there is no escape. The private and public sectors both have their share of monotonous(枯燥无味的) get-togethers in the conference room. G. You won't find a job selling widgets(小产品) with a government agency, and you won't find work as a tax collector in the private sector. Still, you can find a variety of challenging jobs in both the private and public world. If, for example, you are into marketing, you could find a private company interested in enhancing its image—or a public agency that needs to market a new public health campaign. The possibilities are only limited by your ability to think of ways to apply your skills. H. Retirement benefits provide one of the most glaring differences between working for a public or private entity. In the public sector, it's unlikely that your retirement benefits would ever be in danger, particularly if your agency is part of the California Public Employees Retirement System (CALPERS), the largest such investment entity in the world. It's quite a different matter in the private sector. While Enron was perhaps the most dramatic and tragic case of a company pension plan collapsing, more and more, firms are trying to ease the pension burden by reducing benefits to workers. For example, United Airlines earlier this year attempted to renege on its retirement plan in order to avoid bankruptcy. The courts, however, rejected the bid. Still, countless other companies have indeed pulled back on promises of retirement benefits to current workers as well as reducing actual benefits to those already retired. I. Of course, there are wide variances within the sectors—working for Chevron for example, is not the same as working for Morn Pop's Pet Shop. Nor is working for the Post Office the same as laboring at the city hall. As always, wise jobseekers do their homework on target employers before applying—whether public or private.

单选题The computational speed of computers ______ doubled in the last decade.

单选题I learned how to ______ a bicycle when I was six years old.A. drive B. rideC. pull D. draw

单选题Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study. A．nothing B．no one C．neither D．none

单选题When the TV viewer turns on his set, what sort of programs does he have to choose from? You might think there would be more programs devoted to entertainment than to anything else, but that"s not the case. In most countries, fewer than 20% of broadcasting hours are devoted to entertainment. U. S. figures are high—34.8%, and the fun-loving Canadians are even higher with 44%. Except Canada and Italy, all countries give more broadcasting time to education than to either information (news, documentaries and so on) or entertainment programs. Of course, few educational broadcasts take place during peak viewing times. In Japan though, more than 60% of broadcasting time is taken up with education of one kind of another—just another example of the businesslike Japanese philosophy. In the U. K., the figure is 56.4%. The Italians have fewer educational programs than anyone else. They don"t go in for entertainment either. Only about ten percent of viewing time is devoted to dramas and serials, quiz shows, music, sports, etc. You will find more news information programs on Italian TV than anything else. That"s understandable in a country experiencing social and political changes. Italians rely on TV to tell them what"s going on—and events are happening almost too fast to follow. The percentage of time the U. S. devoted to news and documentary programs is much smaller. After education, most TV time is given to entertainment. Many of these programs are shown around the world.

单选题The night was so ______ that not a sound could be heard.

单选题In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation, rather than by the "battle of the sexes". Man's role is sometimes regarded as less important. It's time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child. The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirt or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.

单选题There is a high job mobility among young people as they will______work one day and find a new job the next.

单选题The bright flowers and warm winds ______ that spring had come.

单选题Woman: Look! What have I got here! Man: Oh. So you did go to that bookstore! Question: What did the man assume previously? A. She would go to the bookstore. B. She would not go to the bookstore. C. She would go to the bookstore later. D. She would go to another bookstore.

单选题Some people oppose the building of flats because