单选题What the ESRC can do is to ______.

单选题James didn't attend the meeting and______Jane.

单选题 In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog (齿轮) in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and 'human-relations' experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white collar workers have become economic puppets (木偶) who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century 'free enterprise' capitalism (资本主义)? Certainly not. Problems are not solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism (工业制度) in which man and full development of his potentialities—those of love and of reason—are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.

单选题Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to threw around. "It's iniquitous," they say, "that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies arc making. Why don't they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it's the consumer who pays." The poor old consumer. He would have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is just because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives large from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing-machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc. from an advertisement. Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too] Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway by-laws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely-printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities. We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programs is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price ! Another thing we shouldn't forget is the "little ads", which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community ! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For example, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the "hatch, match and dispatch" columns; but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or "agony" column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!

单选题In this factory the machines are not regulated ______ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system. A. independently B. individually C. irrespectively D. irregularly

单选题A: You Americans are funny! It seems as if you were married to your cars. B: ______. I was reading that there are about millions of cars in our country now.

单选题There have been several attempts to introduce gayer colours and styles in men's clothing, but none of them ______.

单选题They found that an individual tends to conform to a ______ group judgment even when that judgment is obviously in error.

单选题Men could directly turn back to Greece and Rome for instruction, for correction, and for inspiration in the following riel& of their work except

单选题She is ______ of a musician.

单选题I want to ______ a slightly different issue which is related to Anna's question earlier about our different meanings of open-ended problems.

单选题Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful ______ in the market. A. batteries B. bargains C. baskets D. barrels

单选题Dad : Could you run over to the store right away? We need a few things. Son :______ A. Yes, I could. I want to play football. B. For me, running is not a problem. I' d like to do exercises. C. Yes, storing a few things away is quite necessary, right? D. All right. What do you want me to get?

单选题President Jimmy gave a brief______ of the history of the university before the opening of the conference.

单选题(Be your best). The (worst) disappointment you can experience is (a disappointment) (in) yourself.

单选题Before taking such a test, one had better ______ his or her vocabulary.

单选题The football match was televised______from the Worker"s Stadium.

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单选题Passage one The factors that add up to a happy life for most people are not what we typically hear about. Things like earning a masters degree don t make people happy over an extended period of time. Rather, the key to happiness, and the difference between happy and unhappy Americans,is a life that reflects values and practices like, hard work, marriage, charity, and freedom. Work When more than 1,000 people across the country were asked in 2002, "If you were to get enough money to live comfortably for the rest of your life, would you stop working?" fewer than a third of the Americans answered yes. Contrary to widely held opinion, most Americans like or even love their work.in 2002 an amazing 89 percent of workers said they were very satisfied or somewhat satisfied with their jobs. This isn't true just for those with high-paying, highly skilled jobs but for all workers across the country. And the percentage is almost exactly the same among those with and without college degrees and among those working for private companies,non profit organizations, and the government. For most Americans, job satisfaction isn’t early equivalent to life satisfaction. Among those people who say they are very happy in their lives, 95 percent are also satisfied with their jobs. Furthermore, job satisfaction would seem to be causing overall happiness,not the other way around. Marriage religious giving and unreligious giving leave people equally happy, and far happier than people who don't give. Even donating blood, an especially personal kind of giving,improves our attitude. Fun dame tally, the more people give, the happier they get. Freedom In fact, freedom and happiness are intimately related: People who consider themselves free are a lot happier than those who don't.in 2000 the General Social Survey revealed that people who 〞person ally feel "completely free" or "very free were twice ask as those who don't to say they re' very happy about their lives. Not all types of freedom are the same in terms of happiness, however. Researchers have shown that economic freedom brings happiness, as does political and religious freedom. On the other hand, moral freedom ——a lack of constraints on behavior ——does not. People who feel they have unlimited moral choices in their lives when it comes to matters of sex or drugs, for example, tend to be unhappier than those who do not feel they have so many choices in life. Lessons for America The data tell us that what matters most for happiness is not having a lot of things but having , healthy values. Without these values our jobs and our economy will bring us joyless riches. The facts can help remind us of what we should be paying attention to, as individuals and as families,if we want to be happy. Our happiness is simply too important to us -- and to America -- to do anything less. What will probably bring about overall happiness?