填空题他别无选择 but to lay facts before the public exactly as they occurred.

填空题A clause that takes a subject and a finite verb, and at the same time stands structurally alone is known as a______clause.

填空题I ______ (tell) to attend a meeting yesterday.

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填空题The Agency Agreement has been drawn up for a (18) of one year, automatically (19) on expiration for a similar period unless a written notice is given to the (20) ．

填空题Good human relations can solve many problems, but poor human relations can make your life miserable.

填空题From antiquity to modern times, the nation has always been a product of informa- tion management. The ability to impose taxes, proclaim laws, count citizens and raise an army lies at the heart of statehood. Yet something new is afoot. These days demo- cratic openness means more than that citizens can vote at regular intervals in free and fair elections. They also expect to have access to government data. The state has long been the biggest generator, collector and user of data. It keeps records on every birth, marriage and death, compiles figures on all aspects of the economy and keeps statistics on licenses, laws and the weather. (41)______ But now citizens and non-governmental organizations the world over are pressing to get access to public data at the national, state and municipal level-and sometimes government officials enthusiastically support them. (42)______ America is in the lead on data access. On his first full day in office Barack Obama issued a presidential memorandum ordering the heads of federal agencies to make available as much information as possible, urging them to act "with a clear presumption: in the face of doubt, openness prevails". Mr. Obama's directive caused a flurry of activity. (43) ______. It is all on a public website, data.gov. And more information is being released all the time. Within 48 hours of data on flight delays being made public, a website had sprung up to disseminate them. Providing access to data "creates a culture of accountability", says Vivek Kundra, the federal government's CIO. One of the first things he did after taking office was to create an online "dashboard" detailing the govern ment's own $70 billion technology spending. Now that the information is freely available, Congress and the public can ask questions or offer suggestions. (44)______ All this has made a big difference. "There is a cultural change in what people expect from government, fu- elled by the experience of shopping on the internet and having real-time access to financial information," says John Wonderlich of the Sunlight Foundation, which promotes open government. (45)______ Chris Vein, San Francisco's CIO, insists that providing more information can make government more effi- cient. California's generous "sunshine laws" provide the necessary legal backing. Among the first users of the newly available data was a site called "San Francisco Crimespotting" that layers historical crime figures on top of map information. People now often come to public meetings armed with crime maps to demand police patrols in their particular area.[A] This was all the more remarkable since the Bush administration had explicitly instructed agencies to do the opposite.[B] Yet until recently all these data have been locked tight. Even when publicly accessible they were hard to find, and aggregating lots of printed information is notoriously difficult.[C] The economic crisis has speeded up that change, particularly in state and city governments.[D] It is now possible to obtain figures on job-related deaths that name employers, and to get annual data on migration free. Some information that was previously available but hard to get at now comes in a computer- readable format.[E] The model will be applied to other areas, perhaps including health-care data, says Mr Kundra-provided that looming privacy issues can be resolved.[F] "Government information is a form of infrastructure, no less important to our modem life than our roads, electrical grid or water systems," says Carl Malamud, the boss of a group called Public.Resource.Org that puts government data online.[G] It allows users to play around with the data and spot hidden trends.

填空题A. highly profitable B. turned in C. for the right jobs Phrases: A. has also become a 1 business B. candidates were the right people 2 C. look at the pieces of paper 3 Job seekers in Britain say employers are paying less attention to applicants" degrees and certificates. They are making their own entrance exams to test ability. They are concerned about decreasing standards of job seekers, because many university graduates with good degrees have shown a terrible inability to spell, and work out simple sums. The chairman of the Standing Conference of Employers of Graduates, told our correspondent: "We don"t 4 to us, but we look at the people with real abilities." A senior executive with the Bank of England said that many companies were making their own intelligence tests so they could be sure that 5 . In the Civil Service, only about 200 out of 2,000 candidates are chosen after the rest have been knocked out by the Service"s own examinations and interviews. Forged certificates, printed in Germany, have been discovered recently. These forged certificates are not easy to distinguish from the real ones, and can be bought at ￡25 a piece. Making fake degrees 6 . Fake degrees and diplomas, including Ph.D. degrees, can be obtained for as little as ￡20 upwards. Some so-called "universities" and "colleges" are even selling these attractive diplomas.

填空题A large collection of contemporary photographs, including some taken by Mary are on display at the museum.A.A large collectionB.includingC.areD.at

填空题Those shirts are too small for the twin brothers．We ______． 这些衬衫这对双胞胎兄弟穿着太小了。我们一定买些大号的。

填空题Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. 16 American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan helped found modern anthropology—the scientific study of human societies, customs and beliefs—thus becoming one of the earliest anthropologists. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies. 17 . In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology. 18 . Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 19 . Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. 20 . Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist é mile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology. A. Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism. B. In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, he became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy. C. He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the "survival of the fittest," in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies. D. They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people"s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children"s entrance into adulthood. E. Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved. F. Supporters of the theory viewed culture as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning. G. For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W.J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different times in many parts of the world.

填空题[A]Thenextlogicalstepistoautomatethephysicalprocessofcuttingthediamond,andDrHoldenseemstohavefoundtheidealpartner.HeistalkingtoCalibratedDiamonds.acompanybasedinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.aboutcombininghisoptimisationtechniqueswithanadvancedlaser-cuttingsystem.Traditionally,diamondsarecutandpolishedusingotherdiamonds.Butmrecentyears,lasershavebeenintroducedtomakeroughcutsandmcarry,out"bruting",thebevellingprocessusedtogivediamondstheircharacteristicsharp-edgedshapes.JohnBond.thefounderofCalibratedDiamonds,sayshislaser-cuttingmethodcanmakemuchmoreprecisecutsandcanevenpolishdiamonds,thoughheisreluctanttoexplainhowitworks.Hebelievesthatcombininghislaser-cuttingwithDrHolden'ssoftware,andautomatingthewholeprocess,couldbothreducewastedramaticallyandcuttheturnaroundtimefrommonthstodays."Currently,peoplearelosingupto70%ofthediamond."hesays.[B]Forover600yearslapidarists,orstone-cutters,havebeenusingessentiallythesametechniquestocutdiamondsanddeterminetheirvalue,saysDrHolden.Thereisagreatneedforautomation,hesays—asentimentechoedwithintheindustry.TheGemologicalInstituteofAmerica,forexample,isdevisingsoftwaretoenableretailersandconsumerstocomparediamondsofdifferentcutsbygradingthecutautomatically.[C]Inactualuse,thesystemisfedmodelsofgemstones,whichareproducedbyscanningthe.stonesusingadesktopX-raytomographymachine.Whenastoneisidentifiedasaborderlinecasebetweentwogrades,thesystemusesanoptimisationtechnique,calledageneticalgorithm,toexplorethedifferentwaysinwhichthestonecouldbecuttomaximiseitsvalue.Sometimesbiggerisnotnecessarilybetter:removingImperfections,knownasinclusions,mayreducethesizeandcaratageofastone,butcouldalsoelevateittoamorevaluablegrade.TestsofiGemshowedthatitcouldincreasethevalueofaroughstonebyasmuchas23%.[D]Evenasmallimprovementcanyieldasignificantincreaseinvalue,saysDrHolden.whospecialisesinapplyingtechnologytoimprovedecision-makinginbusiness.TogetherWithhiscolleagueMateeSerearuno.hehasdevelopedanoptimisationsystemcallediGem.Besidesautomaticallyworkingoutthegradeofaroughdiamond,italsosuggestshowbesttocatitinordertomaximisethevalueoftheresultingstones.[E]MrBondhopesthatthiscombinationoftechnologieswillhelphishomecontinenttobenefitmorefromitsnaturalwealth.Morethan60%oftheworld'sroughdiamondscomefromAfrica,hesays,butalackofexpertiseandrelativelyhighlabourcostsmeansthatthestonesareusuallyshippedoverseas,tocountriessuchasIndia,forassessmentandcutting.Hehopestohavehisfirstfactoryupandrunninglaterthisyear.[F]Thesystemusesasetofroles,distilledfromthejudgmentsoffourdiamondexperts,mdeterminetheclarity,andhencethegrade,ofeachstone.Eachexpertwasaskedtoclassify503different"virtualstones"--computermodelsofstonescontainingdifferentWivesofflaws.Theexperts'verdictswerethenboileddownintoasetofrules,sothatwhenanewgemstoneispresentedtothesystem,itcandeterminehowtheexpertswouldprobablyhavegradedit.Datafrommoreexpertscouldhavebeenused,butfourprovedtobeenoughtoproducearobustandaccuratesystem,saysDrHolden.[G]Whileadiamondmaybeforever,itsvalueisfarfromsetinstone.ItdependsonthefourCs:carat,cut,colourandclarity.Butwhilethefirstthreecanbemeasuredobjectively,assessingadiamond'sclarityinvolvesacertainamountofsubjectivityandcanleaveexpertsdisagreeingaboutthegrade—andhencethevalue—ofastone.NowresearchersatCambridgeUniversity'sInstituteforManufacturingclaimmhavedevisedawaytomakethegradingofdiamondsandotherpreciousstonesmoreconsistent.TonyHolden,theproject'sleader,saysautomatingthisprocesscoulddomorethanjustloadmmoreaccuratevaluations.Itcouldalsomakeroughstonesmorevaluable,byreducingtheamountofwasteduringcutting.Order:

填空题As is often the case, the more you use your brain, the more active it will become.

填空题Advanced technology is expected to benefit people {{U}}而不是伤害他们{{/U}}.

填空题lodger: I'm terribly sorry that I broke your vase. Landlady:______

填空题Agent: Would it be possible to make some travel arrangements on behalf of my boss? Linda: Certainly madam, ______.