单选题 Questions2-4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题When he lost his jobs he tried to ______ his fortunes by robbing a bank.

单选题A: Could you get me Extension 6459, please?B: ______ .

单选题 More Than One Kind of Intelligence①You may have heard people mention IQ when talking about how smart someone is. IQ stands for intelligence quotient 智商 It can help predict how well someone

单选题There is little learning involved when one is reprimanded two or three months after the deed.

单选题First published in 1927, the charts remain an ______ source for researchers.

单选题Little boys seem to enjoy ______ train sets more than little girls.

单选题I took the medicine 10 minutes ago, but the bitterness is still ______ in my mouth.

单选题Passage Three The environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion，two researchers "decorated" three rooms：One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended to look average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were then asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition，subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the ugly room attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room. Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors，listed in order of preference，were blue，green，purple，red and yellow. The colors listed from most to least arousing were red，orange，yellow，violet，blue，and green. Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy（密切）that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom，on the other hand，arouse and stimulate thinking. Room decoration，color，lighting，and even music and temperature all influence communication with others；but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.  Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be______. 

单选题The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for {{U}}nocturnal{{/U}} raids in the forest.

单选题—When shall we meet again? —Make it ______ day you like, it's all the same to me.A. oneB. anyC. anotherD. some

单选题You have ￥148 and you can______ in May.

单选题They find it impossible to express ______ like anger or tenderness.

单选题In a fog the ______ is very poor,

单选题 Data sharing: An open mind on open data A. It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent. A spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a 'crisis' in science whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced. Furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends. B. The open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. On the one hand, the drive to share is gathering official steam. Since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back policies that support increased public access to research. On the other hand, scientists disagree about how much and when they should share data, and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems. As more journals and funders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own careers. C. One key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable. They must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration proposal from those who are wary of—or unfamiliar with—open science. And they must learn how to capitalize on the movement's benefits, such as opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics, such as publication in high-impact journals. D. Some fields have embraced open data more than others. Researchers in psychology, a field rocked by findings of irreproducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocal supporters of the drive for more-open science. A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in reproducible science—for example, by affixing an 'open-data' badge to articles that clearly state where data are available. According to social psychologist Brian Nosek, executive director of the Center for Open Science, the average data-sharing rate for the journal Psychological Science, which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015. E. Funders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data policy. Several strongly encourage, and some require, a date-management plan that makes data available. The US National Science Foundation is among these. Some philanthropic (慈善的) funders, including the Bill Melinda Gates Foundation in Seattle, Washington, and the Wellcome Trust in London, also mandate open data from their grant recipients. F. But many young researchers, especially those who have not been mentored in open science, are uncertain about whether to share or to stay private. Graduate students and postdoes, who often are working on their lab head's grant, may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior colleague opposes sharing. G. Some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high, especially at the early stages of a career. 'Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped (被抢先),' says New York University astronomer David Hogg. Those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate it. H. Researchers at small labs or at institutions focused on teaching arguably have the most to lose when sharing hard-won data. 'With my institution and teaching load, I don't have postdocs and grad students,' says Terry McGlynn, a tropical biologist at California State University, Dominguez Hills. 'The stakes are higher for me to share data because it's a bigger fraction of what's happening in my lab.' I. Researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in preparing data for others to view. Once the data and associated materials appear in a repository (存储库), answering questions and handling complaints can take many hours. J. The time investment can present other problems. In some cases, says data scientist Karthik Ram, it may be difficult for junior researchers to embrace openness when senior colleagues—many of whom head selection and promotion committees—might ridicule what they may view as misplaced energies. 'I've heard this recently—that embracing the idea of open data and code makes traditional academics uncomfortable,' says Ram. 'The concern seems to be that open advocates don't spend their time being as productive as possible.' K. An open-science stance can also add complexity to a collaboration. Kate Ratliff, who studies social attitudes at the University of Florida, Gainesville, says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a field—those who care about open science and those who don't. 'There's a new area to navigate—'Are you cool with the fact that I'll want to make the data open?'—when talking with somebody about an interesting research idea,' she says. L. Despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can be significant. For example, when information is uploaded to a repository, a digital object identifier (DOI) is assigned. Scientists can use a DOI to publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get three citations—-one each for the data and software, in addition to the paper itself. And although some say that citations for software or data have little currency in academia, they can have other benefits. M. Many advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect scientists from being scooped. 'This is the sweet spot between sharing and getting credit for it, while discouraging plagiarism (剽窃),' says Ivo Grigorov, a project coordinator at the National Institute of Aquatic Resources Research Secretariat in Charlottenlund, Denmark. Hogg says that scooping is less of a problem than many think. 'The two cases I'm familiar with didn't involve open data or code,' he says. N. Open science also offers junior researchers the chance to level the playing field by gaining better access to crucial data. Ross Mounce, a postdoc studying evolutionary biology at the University of Cambridge, UK, is a vocal champion of open science, partly because his fossil-based research depends on access to others' data. He says that more openness in science could help to discourage what some perceive as a common practice of shutting out early-career scientists' requests for data. O. Communication also helps for those who won-y about jeopardizing a collaboration, he says. Concerns about open science should be discussed at the outset of a study. 'Whenever you start a project with someone, you have to establish a clear understanding of expectations for who owns the data, at what point they go public and who can do what with them,' he says. P. In the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues can help an early-career researcher to gain recognition—a crucial component of success. 'The thing you are searching for is reputation,' says Titus Brown, a genomics (基因组学) researcher at the University of California, Davis. 'To get grants and jobs, you have to be relevant and achieve some level of public recognition. Anything you do that advances your presence—-especially in a larger sphere, outside the communities you know—is a net win.'

单选题—What do you think of the _______car? —I think it is much better than his_______one.

单选题The young man was accused of______the lady of her money.

单选题Since there are so few conservative thinkers on the committee, their influence on its recommendations is

单选题By far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work to a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along, doing a hit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment. Few students work to a set time-table. They say that if they did construct a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to alter it constantly, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be. No doubt some temperaments take much more kindly to a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from the self-regimentatign of a weekly time-table, and dislike being tied clown to a definite programme of work. Many able students claim that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it intensively for three or four days at a time. On other days they avoid work completely. It has to be confessed that we do not fully understand the complexities of the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become conditioned to a work routine, and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important aspects of their work. The "tough-minded" school of workers is usually very contemptuous of the idea that good work can only be done spontaneously, under the influence of inspiration. Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of "freedom". Freedom from restraint and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to "self-expression" or "personality development". Our society insists on regular habits, timekeeping and punctuality, and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society we have to comply with its demands.

单选题The most (distinctive) change in American (values) of the last twenty years (has been) an increasing emphasis (in) the pursuit of self-fulfillment.A. distinctiveB. valuesC. has beenD. in