单选题The wild behavior depicted in the first paragraph is intended to

单选题______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.

单选题 How Poverty Changes the Brain A. You saw the pictures in science class—a profile view of the human brain, sectioned by function. The piece at the very front, right behind where a forehead would be if the brain were actually in someone's head, is the pre-frontal cortex (前额皮质). It handles problem-solving, goal-setting, and task execution. And it works with the limbic system (边缘系统), which is connected and sits closer to the center of the brain. The limbic system processes emotions and triggers emotional responses, in part because of its storage of long-term memory. B. When a person lives in poverty, a growing body of research suggests the limbic system is constantly sending fear and stress messages to the prefrontal cortex, which overloads its ability to solve problems, set goals, and complete tasks in the most efficient ways. C. This happens to everyone at some point, regardless of social class. The overload can be prompted by a number of things, including an overly stressful day at work or a family emergency. People in poverty, however, have the added burden of ever-present stress. They are constantly struggling to make ends meet and often bracing themselves against class bias that adds extra strain or even trauma to their daily lives. And the science is clear—when brain capacity is used up on these worries and fears, there simply isn't as much bandwidth for other things. D. Economic Mobility Pathways, or EMPath, has built its whole service-delivery model around this science, which it described in its 2014 report, 'Using Brain Science to Design New Pathways Out of Poverty.' The Boston nonprofit started out as Crittenton Women's Union, a merger of two of the city's oldest women-serving organizations, both of which focused on improving the economic self-sufficiency of families. It continues that work with a new name and a burgeoning (迅速发展的) focus on intergenerational mobility. After years of coaching adults and watching those benefits trickle down to children, EMPath has brought children into the center of its model—offering a way out of intergenerational poverty with brain science. E. Elisabeth Babcock, the president and CEO of EMPath, said people in poverty tend to get stuck in vicious cycles where stress leads to bad decision-making, compounding other problems and reinforcing the idea that they can't improve their own lives. F. 'What we're trying to do is create virtuous cycles where people take a step and they find out they can accomplish something that they might not have thought they could accomplish, and they feel better about themselves,' Babcock said. Maybe that step helps them earn more money, solves a child-care problem that leads to better child behavior, or simply establishes a sense of control over their own lives. All of these things reduce stress, freeing up more mental bandwidth for further positive steps. G. It's true that exposure to the constant stresses and dangers of poverty actually changes people's brains. A1 Race, the deputy co-director of the Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, which has an enduring partnership with EMPath, says children who grow up in and remain in poverty are doubly affected. But the sections of the brain in question are also known to be particularly 'plastic,' Race said, meaning they can be strengthened and improved well into adulthood. H. EMPath's Intergenerational Mobility Project, known as Intergen, uses three tools—one for adults, one for kids, and one for the family as a whole—to frame how they think about their individual and collective lives. The child and adult tools use a bridge metaphor to illustrate how various domains are all important for ultimate success—if a single pillar on a bridge is weakened, according to the metaphor, the whole bridge could collapse. 'The Bridge to Self-sufficiency,' for adults, guides parents to consider family stability, well-being, financial management, education and training, and employment and career management. 'The Child Bridge to a Brighter Future' similarly guides children in thinking about health and well-being, social-emotional development, self-regulation, preparing for independence, and educational progress. 'The Family Carpool Lane Tool,' meanwhile, helps parents and their children align (公开支持) individual and family goals. Working together, they can avoid traffic and cruise through the fast lane. I. Intergen mentors visit participating families and facilitate conversations that prompt both adults and children to make future-oriented and contextualized decisions, ones that take into account other important domains. Their goal is to help the adults in the families become mentors for themselves and their children. Eventually, they hope, they make their own contributions obsolete (淘汰的). J. Stephanie Brueck, the senior coordinator of the Intergenerational Mobility Project, recently sat down with a single room, Ginnelle V., and Ginnelle's five children, four girls and one boy who range in age from kindergarten through college-aged. Over the last year, Brueck has helped the family think through both personal and family goal-setting. Ginnelle's youngest, 5-year-old Cyres, has a medical condition that likely will require an invasive surgery that can be delayed through certain exercises. The family's doctor gave them an overwhelming list of dozens of exercises, few of which Cyres can do on his own. Still, exercise became Cyres's personal goal for the Intergen Project. K. Brueck created an easier-to-use fitness plan and helped Ginnelle think about working up to the doctor's original list—starting with five push-ups, for example, and helping Cyres eventually reach the recommended 25. Looking back, Ginnelle thinks it's strange she couldn't break down an overwhelming task into more approachable steps on her own. L. 'I'm an adult, and I have a brain,' Ginnelle said. But she describes her roadblocks much like brain science predicts. 'Depending on how busy your mind is or how busy your life is, you tend to see things in black and white—'I need to get this done,' versus 'If I can't do this completely I can't get this done,'' she said, pausing before settling on something closer to reality. 'Life is gray.' M. In families that have participated in the Intergen Project for at least a year, 86% of children demonstrate an increase in EMPath's externally validated measure of executive functioning, and 86% of families report an increase in household order and alignment based on another externally validated measure of 'chaos' in the home, according to the most recent program data from Brueck. N. Babcock calls these outcomes 'kind of startling.' They're unusually good, and EMPath is in the process of piloting the Intergen tools in Jackson, Mississippi, and the Seattle area to see if they're replicable by other organizations in the communities they serve. O. EMPath's impact, historically, has been striking. 'We have people in our programs that have made it all the way out of poverty to a family-sustaining wage,' Babcock said. 'Most organizations that are working with low-income families are trying to get them connected into jobs. Ours is trying to get them to a place where they can sustain themselves and their families.' P. At the heart of these outcomes is a reliance on science. EMPath mentors understand the way the brain works, and their interventions are designed to help families effectively rewire their brains. Again, Ginnelle's own interpretation of the program lines up. When discussing the benefits for her children, she says the family goal- setting does more than simply foster togetherness, which is a benefit in its own right. 'It's going to empower them to understand that they can make a change,' Ginnelle said. 'That things don't have to be a certain way if they are not happy.' Q. Poverty creates barriers to developing this sense of control over one's own life. And EMPath is among the minority of agencies helping families break them down—using an understanding of the human brain to effect lasting change.

单选题 中国人素有“家园”“故乡”的文化传统，表达了一方人与一方水土的关系。一个城市的人居环境往往成为一方人物、土地、生适、历史、理想、未来的复杂聚合体，成为家园意识最好的物质载体。古代先贤在规划建设城市的时候，早已把自己的内心世界全都放在物质空间里了，他们的规划与生俱来就有一种“吾土吾民”的文化情怀，一种载着山川人物的文化基因，一种贯通古今的历史精神，一种基于地方自豪而展现出的文化自信，城市成了这一方水土最重要的标志和记忆。这些丰厚的本土规划经验，形成了具有中国精神的优秀规划传统。

单选题 An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services: for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbors. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in danger. It is this economic interdependency of the economic system which makes the power of trade unions (工会)such an important issue. Single trade unions have the ability to cut off many countries' economic blood supply. This can happen more easily in Britain than in some other countries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55 percent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the United States. For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to develop along trade (行业) and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industry basis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement of procedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve. There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Some unions have lost many members because of their industrial changes. Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workers in new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions, which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a source of bad feelings between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushed out of existence by advancing technologies, unions can fight for their members' disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatened or destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and in Britain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on to their traditional highly-paid jobs. Trade unions have problems of internal communication just as managers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or in those which bring workers in very different industries together into a single general union. Some trade union officials have to be re-elected regularly; others are elected, or even appointed, for life. Trade union officials have to work with a system of 'shop stewards' (工厂工人代表) in many unions, 'shop stewards' being workers elected by other workers as their representatives at factory or work level.

单选题Scientists have been struggling to find out the reason behind blushing （脸红）。Why would humans evolve（进化） a ____请作答此空______ that puts us at a social disadvantage by 22__________ us to reveal that we hav

单选题Jerry: Hey, James, how are you? It' s nice to see you again after all these years. James :______ A. Hello, Jerry. How do you do? B. Hi, Jerry. It' s strange to see you here. C. Hi, Jerry. How have you been? D. Oh, hi, Jerry. Nice to meet you.

单选题I didn't attend the conference, but I wish I ______ there.

单选题As the clouds drifted away an even higher peak became ______ to the climbers.

单选题______ of our good taste, we are no longer free to choose things we want.

单选题Her father flew into a ______ when he learned that she wanted to get married before she graduated from the university.

单选题Though Americans do not currently ______ abortions directly, costs are carried by other Americans through higher insurance premiums.

单选题It is agreed that all nations should take measures against terrorism on the basis of the UN ______ and other international laws.

单选题We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 748 hours' sleep alternating with some 16417 hours' wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified. The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week: a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p. m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep find other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work. This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the Changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal day-time work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only adjust gradually back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far; however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.

单选题Whose works will be on show on Jan. 6 at China National Art Museum?

单选题Lincoln thought it was wrong to keep Negroes ______ slaves.

单选题 请选出下面划线部分读音不同的选项

单选题 Latino youths need better education for Arizona to take full advantage of the possibilities their exploding population offers. Arizona's fast-growing Latino population offers the state tremendous promise and a challenge. Even more than the aging of the baby boomers, the Latino boom is fundamentally reorienting the state's economic and social structure. Immigration and natural increase have added 600,000 young Latino residents to the state's population in the past decade. Half of the population younger than 18 in both Phoenix and Tucson is now Latino. Within 20 years, Latinos will make up half of the homegrown entry-level labour pool in the state's two largest labour markets. What is more, Hispanics are becoming key economic players. Most people don't notice it, but Latinos born in Arizona make up much of their immigrant parents' economic and educational deficits. For example, second-generation Mexican-Americans secure an average of 12 grades of schooling where their parents obtained less than nine. That means they erase 70 percent of their parents' lag behind third-generation non-Hispanic Whites in a single generation. All of this hands the state a golden opportunity. At a time when many states will struggle with labour shortages because of modest population growth, Arizona has a priceless chance to build a populous, hardworking and skilled workforce on which to base future prosperity. The problem is that Arizona and its Latino residents may not be able to seize this opportunity. Far too many of Ari zona's Latinos drop out of high school or fail to obtain the basic education needed for more advanced study. As a result, educational deficits are holding back many Latinos—and the state as well. To be sure, construction and low-end service jobs continue to absorb tens of thousands of Latino immigrants with little formal education. But over the long term, most of Arizona's Latino citizens remain ill-prepared to prosper in an increasingly demanding knowledge economy. For the reason, the educational uplift of Arizona's huge Latino population must move to the centre of the state's agenda. After all, the education deficits of Arizona's Latino population will severely cramp the fortunes of hardworking people if they go unaddressed and could well undercut the state's ability to compete in the new economy. At the entry level, slower growth rates may create more competition for low-skill jobs, displacing Latinos from a significant means of support. At the higher end, shortages of Latinos educationally ready to move up will make it that much harder for knowledge-based companies staff high-skill positions.