问答题欧元对外汇率的变动可以看作是对商品市场的冲击，而这对欧元区的不同国家会产生不对称的影响。当欧元对人民币升值时，哪个国家的总需求会大幅下降：是在出口市场上不与中国直接竞争的德国，还是与中国直接竞争的希腊?如果希腊保持自己的原有货币，情况会怎样?

问答题A国商人分别与B国和C国商人签订了出口合同。不久A国对B国宣战，进入战争状态，A国商人遂以不可抗力为由，宣布撤销上述两个合同。你认为A国商人的行为是否合理?

问答题海运提单的作用体现在哪些方面?

问答题外汇[宁波大学2012国际商务硕士]

问答题某货代公司接受货主委托，安排一批茶叶海运出口。货代公司在提取了船公司提供的集装箱并装箱后，将整箱货交给船公司。同时，货主自行办理了货物运输保险。收货人在目的港拆箱提货时发现集装箱内异味浓重，经查明，该集装箱前一航次所载货物为精萘，致使茶叶受精萘污染。请问：

问答题试分析下列各国中哪个国家的跨时生产可能性会偏向于当前消费?哪个会偏向于未来消费? a．一个像上世纪的阿根廷或加拿大这样的国家，直到最近方才敞开大门，接纳了大规模的移民定居并仍在接收大量移民的流入。 b．一个像19世纪末的英国或今日的美国那样领导世界科技的国家，但随着其他国家的奋力赶超，其领导地位日渐没落。 c．一个发现了大量石油资源且只要极少投资就能开发出来的国家(如沙特阿拉伯)。 d．一个发现了大量石油资源但却需要巨额投资方可开发的国家(如挪威，其石油位于北海海底)。 e．一个像韩国一样已掌握了生产工业产品的技术并正迅速赶上发达国家的国家。 Which of the following countries would you expect to have intertemporal production possibilities biased toward current consumption goods，and which biased toward future consumption goods? a．A country，like Argentina or Canada in the last century，that has only recently been opened for large-scale settlement and is receiving large inflows of immigrants． b．A country，like the United Kingdom in the late nineteenth century or the United States today，that leads the world technologically but is seeing that lead eroded as other countries catch up． e．A country that has discovered large oil reserves that can be exploited with little new investment(like Saudi Arabia)． d．A country that has discovered large oil reserves that can be exploited only with massive investment(like Norway，whose oil lies under the North Sea)． e．A country like South Korea that has discovered the knack of producing industrial goods and is rapidly gaining on advanced countries．

问答题今出口生丝10公吨，标准回潮率为11/%，其实际回潮率则从10公吨货物中抽取部分样品进行测算，假设抽取10千克，用科学方法去掉10千克羊毛中的水分，若净剩8千克羊毛，试求其公量。

问答题在给定汇率预期下，试说明一国实际GNP的增长对汇率的短期影响。

问答题假设在米勒和莫迪格里安尼的理论假设的情况下，没有公司税，资本市场是完善的。L公司和U公司具有相同的税前利润(净营业收入)10000美元。假设有杠杆作用的L公司的股票价值为5000美元，L公司债券价值为5000美元，债券利率为10/%。没有杠杆作用的U公司的股票价值为9000笑元。如果某投资者现在持有有杠杆作用的L公司的1/%的股份。试用数据证明将使L公司的市场价值最终等于U公司的套利交易。

问答题独家经销协议的内容主要包括什么?

问答题案例 补偿贸易保函赔付案 案情 1999年6月，国内某省A公司与国外B公司签订补偿贸易进出口合同，由A公司从B公司引进全套生产设备和技术，A公司以该套设备生产的产品返销给B公司，用以支付引进设备的全部价款和利息，每半年支付1次，5年内付清。 国内C银行应A公司的申请，于2000年1月开出以B公司为受益人的补偿贸易保函，保证在B公司提供生产设备和技术的前提下，A公司以引进的设备所生产的产品返销给B公司，或以产品外销所得的款项支付给B公司作为补偿。如A公司不能返销B公司要求的质量和数量的产品，C银行则开立以自己为付款人，以B公司指定的银行为收款人的10张银行承兑汇票，每张汇票面值150万美元，每半年支付一张汇票。本保函遵循《见索即付保函统一规则》(国际商会458号规则)。 关于产品的回购问题，A公司按照C银行的建议，要求B公司开立了以自己为受益人的产品回购商业保函。 项目投产后，A公司未能按照B公司要求保质达产，产品积压返销量小，未达到生产规模，更达不到规模效益。A公司认为：B提供的设备有质量问题使生产的产品质量不能满足要求(当时进口设备时因时间紧，未对设备进行质量验收)。B公司认为：A公司生产的产品质量有问题，不能按时交货，使B公司不能回购。 A公司和B公司在进口设备的质量和设备所生产产品的质量问题上意见不一致，导致2000年10月B公司提出仲裁要求。在C银行调解下，B公司同意暂停仲裁，在今后的几个月中两公司仍未能达成一致。B公司提出与A公司中断商务关系，导致A公司生产计划无法进行。2001年3月，B公司动用补偿贸易保函向C银行索赔，第一期金额150万美元，A公司自筹了一部分资金勉强还款，未造成C银行垫款。第二期到期时，A公司无钱还款，在C银行协助下，与B公司指定银行达成了重组协议，将第二期的150万美元平分到后面的八期之中，危机得到暂时缓解。第三期和第四期汇票到期时，A公司因无法生产出B公司满意的质量和数量的产品，又无资金付款，因此，C银行必须承担其担保责任，按照保函的规定，每半年偿付到期的汇票。 虽然C银行采取了相应的反担保措施，即要求A公司上级提供反担保；同时要求A公司抵押了土地、商住两用楼、厂房，抵押价值合计500万美元(土地为划拨地)，但由于反担保单位为亏损单位，已基本不具备反担保资格，加上抵押物处置困难，最终造成银行亏损巨大。

问答题我国某出口企业对外出口产品一批，销售合同中规定商品装于木箱之中(to bepacked in wooden cases)，而对方所开来的信用证则显示商品装于标准出口纸箱中(to bepacked in sta．ndard export cartons)。由于卖方同时拥有两种包装的产品，而且船期临近，且双方有长期的业务合作，卖方便在信用证中所规定的装运期前将装于标准出口纸箱的产品装运并取得相应的单据，此后卖方收到信用证的修改通知书，对方表示由于工作疏忽将包装条款打错，希望将信用证中的相关条款改成与合同条款保持一致，即以木箱进行包装。卖方由于已经装运，所以拒绝接受修改。待卖方向有关银行结算以后，却收到买方提出的抗辩：“……关于第XXXXXX号合同，合同中规定采用木箱包装，而贵方所提交的单据显示该批货物系装于出口标准纸箱之中，我方亦与我方的最终用户联系，其表示不能接受。因此，我方对于贵方所提供的货物和单据亦不能接受，希望贵方退还已从银行结算的货款，并承担我方的损失费用。……”请问卖方应该如何处理?[暨南大学2011国际商务硕士]

问答题写出《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》所规定的四组13个贸易术语的英文缩写和中文名称，并简述其含义。

问答题What are Samsonite" s Global Manufacturing Configuration Strategies for Softside Luggage? Background information about Samsonite Corporation Samsonite Corporation"s Business Description Samsonite Corporation, incorporated in 1987, is a designer and distributor in the luggage industry. The Company distributes a range of products that include softside, hardside and hybrid (combination hardside and softside)luggage; business and computer bags; outdoor and casual bags; shoes and accessories, and other related products, It sells its products under a number of brand names, primarily Samsonite Black Label, Samsonite and American Tourister, and licensed brand names, such as Lacoste. (1) In addition to using the Samsonite and American Tourister brand names on the products it manufactures or distributes, the Company licenses these brand names to third parties for use on products that include travel accessories, leather goods, furniture and other products. The Company"s products are sold in more than 100 countries at various types of retail establishments, including department stores, high street shops and luggage specialty stores, mass merchants, warehouse clubs, computer and electronic superstores, office superstores, bookstores, and travel product stores. It also sells certain products through over 300 Samsonite-operated retail stores in North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America, and in shop-in-shop concessions principally in Asia and in franchised retail stores. In addition, its products are sold through www.samsonitecompanystores, corn, www.sarnsoniteblacklabel, corn and the Websites of many of its customers. The Company designs the majority of its luggage products at its facilities in Europe, North America and Asia. (2) Sales in Europe, North America, and in its other markets, including Asia and Latin America comprised 41.9%, 35.3%, and 21.6% ofits net sales, respectively, during the fiscal year ended January 31, 2007 (fiscal 2007). Licensing revenues comprised the remaining 1.7% of total revenues in fiscal 2007. Softside luggage and Hardside luggage The softside luggage category includes suitcases, garment bags and soft carry-on suitcases. (3) Approximately 90% of the softside luggage the Company sells is made for it by independent finished goods suppliers located around the world. The Company produces the balance of its softside luggage and garment bags in its own facilities located in Eastern Europe. The Company"s softside products are sold under all of its major brands. Over the past few years, Samsonite has introduced a number of features in its softside luggage products in response to consumer demands for increased ease of use and better interior organization, mobility and protection. The Company manufactures most of its hardside suitcases in Company-owned factories. Its hardside luggage is sold under the Samsonite, Samsonite Black Label and American Tourister brands. Each line includes a variety of sizes and styles to suit differing travel requirements. Its hardsidp suitcases include features to facilitate packing and transport. Locations of 27 Samsonite Owned Subsidiaries Location Company Number Location Company Number United States Thailand Japan Bahamas Canada Spain France Netherlands 9 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Belgium Mexcio Sweden Peru Italy Germany Hungary United Kingdom 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 Manufacturing Configuration (4) There are three basic configurations that Muhinational Enterprises (MNEs) consider as they establish a global manufacturing strategy. The first type is to have centralized manufactuning in one country and to produce and export a selection of standard, overpriced products to different markets. This is quite common for new-to-export companies to use this strategy, typically through their home-country manufacturing facilities. The second configuration type is the use of regional manufacturing facilities to produce and supply the products within these, regions, (5) The third type is to adopt multidomestic strategy by setting up country-specific manufacturing facilities to service local customers. In reality, MNEs choose a combination of these approaches depending on their product strategies.

问答题请根据贸易政策的相关理论，阐述一国进行贸易保护的理由(至少提出四个理由)，并分析政府在采取贸易保护政策时，更关注厂商的利益(企业及其雇员)还是消费者的利益?企业在国际商务活动中为什么要关注贸易保护的情况?

问答题试论2008年国际金融危机对中国经济的影响。

问答题什么国际战略联盟?企业组建国际战略联盟的动因是什么?

问答题对外加工装配贸易合同主要有哪些规定性内容?

问答题某投资者把50/%的钱用于购买股票A，剩下的50/%用于购买股票B，股票A的收益率的标准差为10/%，股票B的收益率的标准差为20/%。试计算组合收益的方差。相关系数分别为(1)0；(2)0.5；(3)1；(4)-1。

问答题我国国家外汇储备余额于2006年2月超过日本，成为全球第一大外汇储备国。截至2009年上半年，我国外汇储备突破了2万亿美元关口，而且还在不断累积增加中。外汇储备规模过大，对我国国内经济造成极大负面影响，单一的储备资产结构使得我国在外汇储备管理上步履维艰。请根据国际储备资产规模和结构管理的目标及相关原则，分析我国应如何更有效地管理外汇储备资产。