单选题Education is one of the key words of our time. A man, without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of unfortunate circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, is punctuated by textbooks--those purchasable wells of wisdom what would civilization be like without its benefits? So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life. It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to reach again. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding on all. There are no "illiterates"--if the term can be applied to peoples without a script--while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1976, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we considered it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry that, in our society, often hampers the fui1 development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savages know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to '"buy" an education for his child.

单选题在某项实验中，处于反式位置的a1和a2突变并不互补，不表现出野生型，而b1和b2却能发生互补。______。 A．a1和a2，b1和b2在同一顺反子中，是等位基因。 B．a1和a2是同一顺反子，是等位的，b1和b2不在同一顺反子，是非等位基因。 C．a1和a2不在同一顺反子，是非等位的，b1和b2在同一顺反子，是等位基因。 D．a1和a2，b1和b2都不在同一顺反子，是非等位基因。

单选题通过接合发生甲乙细菌基因重组的遗传物质转移因子叫______。 A．致育因子 B．F因子 C．转导颗粒 D．Hfr因子

单选题多倍体主要存在于______中。 A．病毒 B．细菌 C．植物 D．动物

单选题DNA分子可以呈超螺旋型和松散型，两者都具有一定的自由能 a．螺旋型具有较高的自由能； b．松散型具有较高的自由能； c．两者所具有的自由能大体相等。

单选题增强子(enhancer)与启动子的不同在于 a．增强子与转录启动无任何关系； b．增强子包含数个功能单元(module elements)，而启动子则只有一个单元； c．启动子可位于起始点的上游，而增强子只能位于起始点的下游； d．增强子可能位于上游和下游，但不靠近起始点。

单选题遗传漂变可以发生在

单选题Any day now, the federal Department of Education will formally propose new regulations that would cut off federal aid to for-profit colleges whose graduates cannot earn enough to repay their student loans. The regulations, known as the "gainful employment" rules, are an effort to rein in the high debt loads students take on when they enroll in for-profit colleges that offer certificates or degrees in fields like nursing or culinary arts. Students at for-profit colleges are much more likely than others to default on their loans. Under the regulations, a draft of which came out in February, for-profit colleges would not be eligible to receive federal student aid if their graduates' debt load was too high to be repaid, over 10 years, with 8 percent of their starting salary. The Career College Association, which represents 1,450 for-profit colleges, is lobbying fiercely against the regulations, which it argues are wrong-headed, unnecessary and likely to restrict needy students' access to vocational training and higher education. With so many community colleges overcrowded, the for-profit colleges say, their programs represent the nation's best hope for training much-needed health care workers and technicians. Arne Duncan, the Secretary of Education, has avoided demonizing the for-profit schools. In a May speech, he said that despite a "few bad apples," for-profit colleges play a vital role in helping the nation reach the Obama administration's goal of having the world's best-educated work force by 2020. Advocacy groups representing students and consumers are less diplomatic. "These programs over-promise, underdeliver and load vulnerable students up with way too much debt," said Chris Lindstrom, higher education program director at the U. S. Public Interest Research Group, part of a coalition of education, consumer, student and public interest groups supporting the regulations. In 2007, coalition members said, students at for-profit colleges made up only 7 percent of those in higher education hut 44 percent of those defaulting on federal student loans. Adding new fuel to the fire was a recent presentation at a New York conference for investors by Steven Eisman, a hedge-fund manager known for having anticipated the housing market crash. Mr. Eisman, whose early awareness of structural problems in the housing market is described in Michael Lewis's bestseller The Big Short, said the for-profit education industry, like the subprime mortgage industry, has rested on the proliferation of loans to low-income people who would not be able to repay them. Federal law has long said that federal student aid can go only to for-profit colleges that "prepare student for gainful employment in a recognized occupation. " But this is the government's first effort to define "gainful employment" in relation to graduates' debt-to-income loads. "With a record number of students attending programs that are subject to this requirement, and a record amount of taxpayer money being used to enable them to attend, it's more important than ever to make sure they're getting their money's worth," said Pauline Abernathy, vice president of the Institute for College Access and Success.

单选题豌豆中红花对白花为完全显性，两株红花植株杂交，其后代产生了白花植株，该白花植株再与红花姊妹株杂交，产生白花植株的概率是(假设没有发生基因突变)

单选题杂合性(具有某杂合型的个体的频率)通常用来测定一个种群的遗传变异。假设一种植物某年的种群数约50个，该年在一个位点上的等位基因频率为p(A)=0.90，q(a)=0.10。下列哪种进化力可能使下一年杂合性提高?

单选题Base-pair substitutions in point mutation include: ______. A．transvertion and transformation B．transition and transvertion C．conversion and transition D．transposition and transvertion

单选题In a strain of fruit fly, after several times of artificial hybridizations, the map distances of the given loci is A-B=10 m.u., A-C=20 m.u., A-D=25 m.u., B-C=30 m.u., B-D=15 m.u., If the genetic map is drawn according to these humbers, the correct locus order should be ______. A．DCBA B．DBAC C．CADB D．ACDB

单选题在研究原核翻译过程中，可用不同的抑制剂研究翻译诸阶段，其中链霉素可抑制 a．起始； b．延长； c．肽基由P位移至A位； d．核糖体移位。

单选题一个Aabb基因型的花粉正常可育株与aaBB基因型的染色体易位株杂交，F1花粉均半不育。则aaBB基因型亲本的染色体结构为______。 A．aaBBTT B．aaBBtt C．aaBBTt D．不一定

单选题在Hfr×F - 杂交中，染色体转移的起点决定于 ____ 。

单选题为了分析某一基因在细胞或组织中的转录水平，可以用来检测mRNA存在的方法是

单选题表观遗传变异(epigenetic variation): ______。 A．在基因的DNA序列不变的情况下，基因表达发生可遗传变异 B．也能引起表型改变 C．包括DNA甲基化、遗传印记、小RNA等造成的可遗传变异 D．上述几项陈述都正确