问答题请计算18：1的油酸进行β氧化所产生的ATP数量，并写出具体步骤。

问答题Geneticcode

问答题间隔DNA(spacer DNA)

问答题人GM-CSF是由127个氨基酸组成的生长因子，能够调节成熟的粒细胞和巨噬细胞的生物功能，GM-CSF能够治疗髓性再生障碍、粒白细胞低下、化学治疗或放射治疗引起的骨髓造血抑制等疾病治疗药物。人GM-CSFcDNA编码序列中G／C含量为81．5％。本实验室拟用大肠杆菌为表达体系，构建重组人GM-CSF高效表达菌株，以实现GM-CSF的基因工程生产。请你设计实验流程，实现人GM-CSF的高效表达和验证，并请简要注明各关建流程环节的目的或依据。

问答题Children in any society are expected to learn to conform to a number of social rules and expectations if they are to become participants in the culture. (46)Among the rules that children in our society are expected to learn are that certain classes of adults (such as teachers and doctors) are addressed by titles, that males and females use separate restroom facilities, and that women but not men wear dresses. These are examples of social conventions. In the absence of such a shared norm, the acts are neither right nor wrong. For this reason, conventions may be said to be arbitrary. For example, (47)we could just as easily have students address teachers by first names as have them call teachers by their last names and formal titles of Mr. or Ms. Conventions, however, serve an important function by providing predictability and order to social life. (48)Without social conventions it would be impossible to organize social institutions such as schools, and societies as organized systems could not exist. The arbitrariness of conventions makes their importance difficult for children to figure out. (49) It is not until some time in adolescence that children come to fully understand the function that these arbitrary conventions serve to provide predictability and order to our social interactions. In contrast with issues of convention are matters of morality. Morality refers to issues of human welfare, justice, and rights that are a function of the inherent features of interpersonal relations. Because of this, the right and wrong of moral actions are not simply determined by social consensus or the views of authority. For example, it is not possible to hit another person with force and not hurt the other person. Similarly, it is not possible to steal something valuable from someone else and not cause the person to experience the sense of loss. A moral judgment about unprovoked harm ( "It is wrong to hit") would not be dependent on the existence of a socially agreed upon rule or standard but could be generated solely from the intrinsic effects of the act (i.e., hitting hurts). (50)Similar analyses could be done regarding a broader range of issues that would extend beyond direct harm to concerns for what it means to be just, compassionate, and considerate of the rights of others.

问答题基因组学(genomics)

问答题Klenow片段(Klenow fragment)

问答题TATA框(TATA box)

问答题增强子具有哪些特点?

问答题基因a、b、c、d位于果蝇的同一染色体上。经过一系列杂交后得出如下交换值： 基因 交换值 a与c 40% a与d 25% b与d 5% b与c 10% 试绘出这4个基因的连锁遗传图。

问答题核小体

问答题结构域(domain)

问答题Directions:Writeanessayofabout160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inthisessay,youshould:1)describethepicturebriefly,2)interpretthemeaning,and3)supportyourviewswithexample(s).

问答题一个复合转座子与一个IS元件之间的关系是什么?

问答题叙述原核生物DNA复制中后随链的合成。

问答题Hyperlipoproteinemia

问答题Kozakconsensus

问答题有一蛋白质粗提液，已知其包含的蛋白成分及其某些性质如下表，请简要写出纯化α-半乳糖普酶的合理实验步骤。

问答题用一种限制性内切核酸酶消化某大型的环状质粒DNA。得到的片段随机重装配(即片段不再按原来顺序排列)，选择与原来质粒分子量相同的环状分子。然后用由这些片段组成的分子感染不含质粒的宿主细胞。

问答题拓扑异构酶(topoisomerase)