填空题治阳虚遗尿、尿频，常以乌药配{{U}} ① {{/U}}、{{U}} ② {{/U}}。

填空题大黄功效是：泻下逐水，清热利尿，止血，解毒，活血化瘀。

填空题担子菌的次生菌丝双核时期相当长，是担子菌的特点之一，在形成担子的过程中所进行的细胞分裂过程是一个特殊的细胞分裂过程，常称为______。

填空题[A]Cityplannerswelcomedthedevelopment[B]Demandsonspaceandenergyarereduced[C]Plansforfuturehomes[D]Worldwideexamplesofundergroundlivingaccommodation[E]Developingundergroundworldeverywhere[F]HomessoldbeforecompletionThefirstanybodyknewaboutDutchmanFrankSiegmundandhisfamilywaswhenworkmentrampingthroughafieldtoundanarrowsteelchimneyprotrudingthroughthegrass.Closerinspectionrevealedachinkofsky-lightwindowamongthethistles,andwhenamazedinvestigatorsmoveddownthesideofthehilltheycameacrossapinedoorcompletewithleadeddiamondglassandabrassknockersetintoanundergroundbuilding.TheSiegmundsarethelatestinaclutchofindividualistichomemakerswhohaveburrowedundergroundinsearchoftranquility.Most,fallingfoulofstrictbuildingregulations,havebeenforcedtodismantletheirindividualistichomesandreturntomoreconventionallifestyles.Butsubterraneansuburbia,Dutch-style,isabouttobecomerespectableandchic.Sevenluxuryhomescossetedawayinsideahighearth-coverednoiseembankmentnexttothemainTilburgcityroadrecentlywentonthemarketfor$296,500each.Thefoundationshadyettobedug,butcustomersqueueduptobuytheunusualpart-submergedhouses,whosebackwallconsistsofagrassymoundandwhosefrontisalongglassgallery.TheDutcharenottheonlywouldbemoles.GrowingnumbersofEuropeansareburrowingbelowgroundtocreatehouses,offices,discosandshoppingmalls,Itisalreadyprovingawayoflifeinextremeclimates;inwintermonthsinMontreal,Canada,forinstance,citizenscanescapethecoldinanundergroundcomplexcompletewithshopsandevenhealthclinics.InTokyobuildersareplanningamassiveundergroundcitytobebeguninthenextdecade,andundergroundshoppingmallsarealreadycommoninJapan,where90percentofthepopulationinsqueezedinto20percentofthelandspace.Therearebigadvantages,too,whenitcomestoprivatehomes.Adevelopmentof194houseswhichwouldtakeup14hectaresoflandabovegroundwouldoccupy2.7hectaresbelowit,whilethenumberofroadswouldbehalved.Underseveralmetersofearth,noiseisminimalandinsulationisexcellent.PeterCarpenter,secretaryoftheBritishEarthShelteringAssociation,andanundergrounddwellerhimself,sayshehasneverpaidaheatingbill,thankstosolarpanelsandnaturalinsulationinhishome.InEurope,theobstaclehasbeenconservativelocalauthoritiesanddeveloperswhoprefertoensurequicksaleswithconventionalmassproducedhousing.ButtheDutchdevelopmentwasgreetedwithundisguisedreliefbySouthLimburgplannersbecauseofHolland'schronicshortageofland."Theyarenotsomuchbelowtheearthasinit,"JoHurkmans,aTilburgarchitect,says."Allthelightwillcomethroughtheglassfront,whichrunsfromthesecondfloorceilingtotheground.Areaswhichdonotneedmuchnaturallightingaretheback.Thelivingaccommodationistothefrontsonobodynoticesthatthebackisdark."IntheUS,whereenergy-efficienthomesbecamepopularaftertheoilcrisisof1973,10,000undergroundhouseshavebeenbuilt.Aterraceoffivehomes,Britain'sfirstsubterraneandevelopment,isunderwayinNottinghamshire.Italy'soutstandingexampleofsubterraneanarchitectureistheOlivettiresidentialcenterinIvrea.CommissionedbyRobertoOlivettiin1969,itcomprises82one-bed-roomedapartmentsand12maisonettesandformsahouse/hotelforOlivettiemployees.Itisbuiltintoahillandlittlecanbeseenfromoutsideexceptaglassfacade.PatriziaVallecchi,aresidentsince1992,saysitislittledifferentfromlivinginaconventionalapartment.Noteveryoneadaptssowell,andinJapanscientistsattheShimizuCorporationhavedeveloped'spacecreation'systemwhichmixlight,sound,breezesandscentstosimulatepeoplewhospendlongperiodsbelowground.UndergroundofficesinJapanarebeingequippedwith'virtual'windowsandmirrors,whileundergrounddepartmentsintheUniversityofMinnesotahaveperiscopestoreflectviewsandlight.ButFrankSiegmundandhisfamilylovetheirhobbitlifestyle."Wefeltatpeaceandsoclosetonature,"hesays.

填空题自然界中具有______、______特性的外邪，称为风邪。

填空题At Columbia University, where I taught economics for many years before coming to China, most of my students spent a great deal of time in volunteer work. They taught poor children in the local neighborhoods, they visited the elderly in hospitals and at home and helped them with their shopping, they worked to preserve historic sites and places of beauty, they cleaned up waste dumps, they prepared food for the hungry, they created and ran student newspapers, they organized concerts and artistic events, they acted as translators for migrant workers, they formed political pressure groups, they raised money to combat AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, and so on. As part 0f that tradition I do volunteer work here in Beijing, just as I did in New York, but I find that my students at Tsinghua University and at other schools in Beijing are much less involved in volunteering then I had expected; In part, of course, this reflects the heavier workload in Chinese schools, which leaves less time for outside activities. But I think there is more to it than just this. I think it also reflects a very different system, in which volunteer work for students here is usually organized or sponsored by government, schools, or other official groups, rather than by the students themselves. (41) . This is unfortunate. I think it would be better both for them and for society if Chinese students took the initiative to decide what kinds of problems or issues they felt to be of importance, and then played a more active role in organizing the work. (42) . But there are at least two other important reasons for doing volunteer work. The first is that you can learn a lot about yourself and about your abilities by organizing, taking on responsibilities, deciding on objectives, and fulfilling them. (43) . This is an important lesson. Many of my students here work very hard, but their attitude towards their work is not always a healthy one. They do the work not because they love it or feel that it is exciting but rather because it is expected of them, and they will get rewarded (or at least not punished) if they do it. With charitable work there is no explicit reward. You work because you have goals, and in the end the only judge of your work is yourself. (44) . It also forces you to think about what you are doing and the best way to accomplish your objectives. You are no longer simply doing something because your teacher or your boss told you to do it. The second important reason for charitable work is that it changes your relationship with your society. Sometimes I feel that many of the people I meet here don't really appreciate the greatness of China and the excitement of the process through which it is currently living. The Chinese are well-known for being nationalistic, but sometimes I think this nationalism has more to do with distrust of foreigners than with love of country. Many of my friends and students simply do not know very much about their own country, and often seem unhappy with or embarrassed by certain aspects of China. (45) . For example, if you help the children of migrant workers with their education, you will quickly realize that poor migrant workers should not be seen as an embarrassment to Beijing. On the contrary, they are a great strength, and their stories are part of a huge and dramatic experiment that China is undergoing. In a small way by working with migrant children you can help make the experiment a success. [A] I think that if they had spent more time engaged in activities outside of school and family such as doing volunteer work, they would feel very differently. [B] This changes the way you think about work and about your responsibilities to yourself and others. [C] You will realize how future events can have just as Big an impact on your life and those of your friends and family. [D] This means that many students here in Beijing think of volunteering as something that must be done to please teachers, bosses, or other figures of authority, rather than because of a desire to address a problem about which they have thought very deeply. [E] When you work closely with others who are less fortunate than you, or when you set a local goal and work to accomplish it, you see directly how your actions can affect the world around you. [F] If you are interested in volunteer work you don't have to wait for your school, your teachers, or officials on television to tell you what to do. [G] There are many reasons why this would be good. The most obvious reason, of course, is that we all have obligations towards our society, and volunteer work is one way of repaying this obligation.

填空题天花粉的使用注意是：消渴多饮者忌服，畏牵牛。

填空题淤血形成后，其临床表现的共同特点是______、______、______、______，舌质紫暗，脉涩或结代。

填空题葛根功能和解退热，透发斑疹，养阴止渴。

填空题海螵蛸功效是：固精缩尿，温中止痛。

填空题麻黄辛、微苦，温，归肺、胃经，功能发汗解表、降气平喘、利水消肿。

填空题党参的功效是：{{U}} ① {{/U}}、{{U}} ② {{/U}}。

填空题香加皮的功效是：利尿消肿，通经络，泻肾火。

填空题 （ ）及（ ）不描述味。

填空题知母的功效是______，______。

填空题土茯苓功能解毒消痈，通利关节，为治热痢的要药。

填空题具有通天眼的药材是（）。

填空题[A]Asascience,managemententailstheuseoforganizedknowledge.Manyofthethingsmanagersdoarearesultofinformationobtainedthroughformalresearchandstudy.Oneareainwhichagreatdealhasbeendoneisquantitativedecisionmakingor,asitisknowntoday,managementscience.Weknowthatbyusingcertainmathematicalformulaswecancontrolinventoryandprojectdemandmoreaccuratelythanbymerelyusingtrialanderror.[B]Managementistheprocessofgettingthingsdonethroughpeople.Weknowthatpartofthisprocessiscarriedoutwiththedevelopmentofanorganizationstructure.[C]Yetmanagementisalsoanart.Throughexperiencethemanagerdevelopsjudgmentandintuition,subjectivefactorsthatareusefulinevaluationsituations.Forexample,themanagermayhavetochoosebetweentwostrategies,AandB.Allresearchandstudymayindicatethatneitherofthetwoisanybetterthantheother.[D]Effectivemanagementisacombinationofartandscience.Neithershouldbeignored;neitheroughttobereliedonexclusively.Ingettingthingsdonethroughpeople,managementmustseektherightblendofartandscience.Attheupperlevelsofthehierarchytherewillbemoreemphasisontheformer;atthelowerlevelstherewillbemoreemphasisonthelatter.[E]Howdomanagerssucceedingettingthingsdonethroughpeople?Inordertoanswerthisquestionitisnecessarytobreakdownthemanager'sjobintoitsbasicdutiesorfunctions.Managemententailsplanning,organizing,directing,andcontrolling.Byperformingwellineachoftheseareasthemanagercangetthingsdonethroughpeople.[F]However,whatifthemanagerchoosesstrategyAonthebasisofintuitionandprovestoberight?Inthiscaseitisdifficulttosaypreciselywhythemanagerwasabletochoosesowell,buttheremustbesomespecialabilityheorshehas.Thissametypeofabilityisusefulinmanagingpeople.Effectivemanagersknowwhentoflattertheirsubordinatesandwhentobestern.Suchhumanbehaviorskillscannotbequantified;theycanonlybelearnedthroughexperienceandtraining.[G]However,thereismoretomanagementthanjustorganizingthepeopleandthework.Objectivesmustbeset,plansformulated,peopledirected,andoperationscontrolled.Inmakingthenecessarydecisions,managementmustrelyonalltheskillsatitscommand.Asaresult,managementisbothascienceandanart.

填空题熟地配山萸肉、山药等可治______证，黄连配肉桂可治______证。

填空题 砷盐检查法中采用（ ）棉花的目的是（ ）。