问答题简述雌激素分泌的双重细胞学说。

问答题试述小叶性肺炎的病理变化。

问答题简述消化道平滑肌收缩活动的特点。

问答题病毒性肝炎的基本病变有哪些?有何临床意义?

问答题用药物阻断心肌细胞膜的钙通道后，动作电位和收缩功能有何变化?

问答题内脏痛与皮肤痛相比有何特点?

问答题为什么人肺始终处于扩张状态?

问答题试述心绞痛的临床类型。

问答题高钾血症对心肌兴奋性有何影响?其机制是什么?

问答题试比较震颤麻痹与舞蹈病的临床表现、产生原因及治疗方法。

问答题简述尿液浓缩与稀释的过程。

问答题给家兔(体重2.5kg)静脉注射20/%的葡萄糖溶液5ml后，尿量有何变化，为什么?

问答题何谓风湿病？试述风湿性心脏病的病理学特征。

问答题试述糖皮质激素的生理作用及分泌的调节。

问答题试述弥漫性非毒性甲状腺肿的病因、发病机制和甲状腺的主要病理变化

问答题Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science. Newton's laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory frame work. (46) In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything—a single generative equation for all we see. It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the dimensions and universes that it might entail, nonetheless, unification of sorts remains a major goal. This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too. (47) Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification for it all humans share common origins it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings. Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals might all be considered forms of sexual selection, perhaps the world's languages, music, social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features. (48) To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms. That, at least, is the hope. But a comparative study of linguistic traits published online today supplies a reality check. Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in 'language. The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who suggested that humans are born with an innate language—acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar. A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language, which is why children can learn it so quickly. (49) The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many language which are considered to represent biases that result from ~nitive constraints Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages. (50) Chomsky's grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it. Whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between narticular types of word-order relations.Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lire age-specific and not governed by universals

问答题参与窦房结起搏活动的电流有哪些?

问答题甲状腺激素分泌过多或过少对机体有什么影响?

问答题高热患者在饮食和用药上要注意哪些问题，为什么?

问答题缺O2、CO2蓄积、血液pH降低对呼吸运动有何影响?并分析其作用机制。