单选题最能反映肝纤维化及其程度的酶是

单选题A．心力衰竭 B．心肌炎C．洋地黄中毒 D．冠心病

单选题 患者男性，45岁，反复发作右上腹痛20余年，症状再发并加剧伴皮肤发黄1周，体检示巩膜全身皮肤黄染，皮肤有抓痕，腹软，肝脾肋下未及，右上腹有压痛，考虑首选检查项目是: A、肝胆道B超 B、肝胆道CT C、肝胆道MRI D、测血GPT E、AFP定量检查

单选题支气管鳞状上皮细胞癌的一般特点不包括

单选题关于结核性心包炎与其他类型心包炎的鉴别要点，正确的是

单选题下述哪项对诊断预激综合征最有价值( )(2001年)

单选题 女性，47岁，无明显诱因突然高热，体温39℃，不伴寒战。周身不适，左上胸疼，咳嗽后加重，白痰，量不多，体检:左上可闻少量水泡音，血白细胞21×10的9次方/L;中性粒细胞0.87，胸片左上肺纹理增粗，有一小片状模糊阴影，下列哪项治疗是错误的? A、一经诊断应立即开始抗生素治疗 B、青霉素G为首选 C、病人应卧床休息，宜用有营养而易消化食物 D、应用阿斯匹林或其他退热剂，以使体温尽快正常 E、如胸疼加重，可给予少量镇痛剂

单选题当肺容量小于肺总量的67%时 A.胸廓以其弹性向外扩展，肺的弹性回缩力消失 B.胸廓以其弹性向内回缩，肺的弹性回缩力向内 C.胸廓以其弹性向外扩展，肺的弹性回缩力向内 D.胸廓以其弹性向内回缩，肺的弹性回缩力消失

单选题女性，70岁，既往有2型糖尿病20年，高血压15年。近几个月感视力下降明显，至眼科就诊，眼底检查示：视网膜新生血管形成，玻璃体积血。诊断为糖尿病视网膜病变。该患者的眼底病变处于什么阶段

单选题The early retirement of experienced workers is seriously harming the U.S. economy, according to a new report from the Hudson Institute, a public policy research organization. Currently, many older experienced workers retire at an early age. According to the recently issued statistics, 79 percent of qualified workers begin collecting retirement benefits at age 62; if that trend continues, there will be a labor shortage that will hinder the economic growth in the twenty-first century. Older Americans constitute an increasing proportion of the population, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, and the population of those over age 65 will grow by 60% between 2001 and 2020. During the same period, the group aged 18 to 44 will increase by only 4%. Keeping older skilled workers employed, even part time, would increase U.S. economic output and strengthen the tax base; but without significant policy reforms, massive early retirement among baby boomers seems more likely. Retirement at age 62 is an economically rational decision today. Social Security and Medicaid earnings limits and tax penalties subject our most experienced workers to marginal tax rates as high as 67%. Social Security formulas encourage early retirement. Although incomes usually rise with additional years of work, any pay increases after the 35-year mark result in higher social Security taxes but only small increases in benefits. Hudson Institute researchers believe that federal tax and benefit policies are at fault and reforms are urgently needed, but they disagree with the popular proposal that much older Americans will have to work because Social Security will not support them and that baby boomers are not saving enough for retirement. According to the increase in 401 (k) and Keogh retirement plans, the ongoing stock market on Wall Street, and the likelihood of large inheritances, there is evidence that baby boomers will reach age 65 with greater financial assets than previous generations. The Hudson Institute advocates reforming government policies that now discourage work and savings, especially for older worker. Among the report' s recommendations. Tax half of all Social Security benefits, regardless of other income; provide 80% larger benefits for each year beyond 65; and permit workers nearing retirement to negotiate compensation packages that may include a lower salary but with greater healthcare benefits. However, it may take real and fruitful planning to find the right solution to the early retirement of older experienced workers; any measures taken must be allowed to prolong the serviceability of older experienced workers.

单选题下列关于慢性粒细胞性白血病急性变的叙述，$iE确的是

单选题 男性，50岁。患肺血栓栓塞症2日，血压14.7/11.5kPa(110/86mmHg)，应该用何种药物治疗? A、尿激酶溶栓 B、阿司匹林 C、低分子肝素 D、多巴酚丁胺 E、6-氨基己酸

单选题下列关于胰液的叙述，正确的是 A．每日分泌量约2L B．渗透压与血浆相等 C．胰液中含肠激酶 D．Na+和K+浓度会随分泌速率而变化

单选题关于消化性溃疡的叙述，哪一项不正确A．在临床上，十二指肠溃疡较胃溃疡多见B．绝大多数病例病变位于胃和十二指肠C．男性发病多于女性D．全世界均多见E．儿童及老年均罕见

单选题If you smoke, you' d better hurry. From July 1st pubs all over England will, by law, be no-smoking areas. So will restaurants, offices and even company cars, if more than one person uses them. England's smokers are following a well-trodden path. The other three bits of the United Kingdom have already banned smoking in almost all enclosed public spaces, and there are anti-smoking laws of varying strictness over most of Western Europe. The smoker's journey from glamour through toleration to suspicion is finally reaching its end in pariah status. But behind this pubhc-health success story lies a darker tale. Poorer people are much more likely to smoke than richer ones--a change from the 1950s, when professionals and laborers were equally keen. Today only 15% of men in the highest professional classes smoke, but 42% of unskilled workers do. Despite punitive taxation--20 cigarettes cost around ￡ 5.00 ( $10.00), three-quarters of which is tax--55% of single mothers on benefits smoke. The figure for homeless men is even higher; for hard-drug users it is practically 100%. The message that smoking kills has been heard, it seems, but not by all. Having defeated the big killers of the past--want, exposure, poor sanitation-- governments all over the developed world are turning their attention to diseases that stem mostly from how individuals choose to live their lives. But the same deafness afflicts the same people when they are strongly encouraged to give up other sorts of unhealthy behavior. The lower down they are on practically any pecking order--job prestige, income, education, background-the more likely people are to be fat and unfit, and to drink too much. That tempts governments to shout ever louder in an attempt to get the public to listen- and nowhere do they do so more aggressively than in Britain. One reason is that pecking orders matter more than in most other rich countries : income distribution is very unequal and the unemployed, disaffected, ill-educated rump is comparatively large. Another reason is the frustration of a government addicted to targets, which often aim not only to improve something but to lessen inequality in the process. A third is that the National Health Service is free to patients, and paying for those who have arguably brought their ill-health on themselves grows alarmingly costly. Britain's aggressiveness, however, may be pointless, even counter-productive. There is no reason to believe that those who ignore measured voices will listen to shouting. It irritates the majority who are already behaving responsibly, and it may also undermine all government pronouncements on health by convincing people that they have an ultra-cautious margin of error built in. Such hectoring may also be missing the root cause of the problem. According to Mr. Marmot, who cites research on groups as diverse as baboons in captivity, British civil servants and Oscar nominees, the higher rates of ill health among those in more modest walks of life can be attributed to what he calls the "status syndrome". People in privileged positions think they are worth the effort of behaving healthily, and find the will-power to do so. The implication is that it is easier to improve a person's health by weakening the connection between social position and health than by targeting behavior directly. Some public-health experts speak of social cohesion, support for families and better education for all. These are bigger undertakings than a bossy campaign; but more effective, and quieter.

单选题A．有失血、血容量降低表现B．呼吸时纵隔扑动C．气促胸闷、咯血D．极度呼吸困难、紫绀

单选题 患者，男性，42岁，用力抬举重物后突发呼吸困难3小时。体检：左肺呼吸音低，叩诊过清音。胸透左侧气胸，肺压缩55/%。首选的治疗措施是 A、吸氧观察 B、胸腔穿刺抽气 C、机械通气 D、胸腔测压抽气 E、胸腔插管闭式引流

单选题A．心电图检查 B．24小时动态心电图C．导管调搏检查 D．心内电生理检查

单选题下列项是正细胞性贫血

单选题男，20岁，反复发作全身浮肿2年，血压波动在22～18／12～14kPa(169～138／92～108mmHg)，此次人院全身高度浮肿，BP20／12kPa(154／92mmHg)，24小时尿蛋白定量3.8g，血清胆固醇6.4mmol／L，尿常规红细胞10～15／HP，颗粒管型(+)，A／G=2.3／2.8，最可能的诊断是