单选题下列关于系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)继发性抗磷脂抗体综合征(APS)的概述，正确的是( )(2011年)

单选题A．多为单发病灶，以段叶分布B．常为多发病灶，两肺外带多见C．肺部病变继发感染所致D．肺结核空洞继发感染

单选题男性，60岁，4小时来持续性胸痛，阵发性加重，伴出汗，自服速效救心丸稍有缓解。既往有冠心病、高血压病史8年，发现糖尿病2年。入院查体：血压130/85mmHg，痛苦病容，双肺(-)，心律整，心率60次/分，第一心音低钝，腹部(-)。ECG显示I、aVL、V4～6导联ST段下移＞0.1mV，cTnT(+)。下列哪项治疗措施不合适A．静脉应用硝酸甘油B．皮下注射低分子肝素C．口服小剂量β受体阻滞剂D．口服阿司匹林或噻氯吡啶E．口服二氢吡啶类钙拮抗剂

单选题 原醛症的病因中最常见的是 A、特醛症 B、醛固酮瘤 C、醛固酮癌 D、糖皮质激素可治性醛固酮增多症 E、迷走分泌的醛固酮增多症

单选题在慢性肾衰进行性恶化中起重要作用的物质是

单选题 下列关于胰性霍乱的说法哪一项是正确的? A、是感染霍乱弧菌引起的腹泻 B、是由于VIP瘤产生大量胃泌素而引起的 C、是由于胃泌素瘤产生大量VIP而引起的 D、属渗出性腹泻 E、临床上以水泻、低血钾、无胃酸或低胃酸为特征

单选题洋地黄中毒时，下列哪种治疗方法是错误的

单选题最常引起病毒性心肌炎的是

单选题 除外下列哪项因素，大肠癌的预后均较差? A、癌细胞分化程度差 B、青年大肠癌 C、进展癌有淋巴结转移者 D、病变局限于粘膜层及粘膜下层 E、有肠梗阻或穿孔者

单选题Good looks ,the video-games industry is discovering ,will get you only so far. The graphics on a modern game may far outstrip the pixellated blobs of the 1980s, but there is more to a good game than eye candy. Photo-realistic graphics make the lack of authenticity of other aspects of gameplay more apparent. It is not enough for game characters to look better—their behaviour must also be more sophisticated, say researchers working at the interface between gaming and artificial intelligence(AI). Today' s games may look better, but the gameplay is " basically the same" as it was a few years ago, says Michael Mateas, the founder of the Experimental Game Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. AI, he suggests, offers an" untapped frontier" of new possibilities. "We are topping out on the graphics, so what's going to be the next thing that improves game-play?" asks John Laird, director of the AI lab at the University of Michigan. Improved AI is a big part of the answer, he says. Those in the industry agree. The high-definition graphics possible on next-generation games consoles, such as Microsoft' s Xbox 360, are raising expectations across the board, says Neil Young of Electronic Arts, the world' s biggest games publisher. "You have to have high-resolution models, which requires high-resolution animation," he says," so now I expect high-resolution behaviour." Representatives from industry and academia will converge in Marina del Rey, California, later this month for the second annual Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment(AIIDE) conference. The aim, says Dr Laird, who will chair the event, is to increase the traffic of people and ideas between the two spheres. "Games have been very important to AI through the years," he notes. Alan Turing, one of the pioneers of computing in the 1940s, wrote a simple chess-playing program before there were any computers to run it on; he also proposed the Turing test, a question-and-answer game that is a yardstick for machine intelligence. Even so, AI research and video games existed in separate worlds until recently. The AI techniques used in games were very simplistic from an academic perspective, says Dr. Mateas, while AI researchers were, in turn, clueless about modern games. But, he says, " both sides are learning, and are now much closer." Consider, for example, the software that controls an enemy in a first-person shooter (FPS)—a game in which the player views the world along the barrel of a gun. The behaviour of enemies used to be pre-scripted: wait until the player is nearby, pop up from behind a box, fire weapon, and then roll and hide behind another box, for example. But some games now use far more advanced" planning systems" imported from academia. "Instead of scripts and hand-coded behaviour, the AI monsters in an FPS can reason from first principles, "says Dr. Mateas. They can, for example, work out whether the player can see them or not, seek out cover when injured, and so on. "Rather than just moving between predefined spots, the characters in a war game can dynamically shift, depending on what' s happening," says Fiona Sperry of Electronic Arts. If the industry is borrowing ideas from academia, the opposite is also true. Commercial games such as" Unreal Tournament", which can be easily modified or scripted, are being adopted as research tools in universities, says Dr. Laird. Such tools provide flexible environments for experiments, and also mean that students end up with transferable skills. But the greatest potential lies in combining research with game development, argues Dr. Mateas. "Only by wrestling with real content are the technical problems revealed, and only by wrestling with technology does it give you insight into what new kinds of content are possible, "he says.

单选题内皮细胞与白细胞粘着主要是由于( )(2001年)

单选题男性，40岁，慢性咳嗽、咳痰史10年，突发左侧胸痛1天，呈针刺样疼痛，向左肩部放射，伴有胸闷及气短，干咳，无发热。吸烟约10年，1包/天。查体：消瘦，神志清楚，气管居中，无颈静脉怒张，左下肺叩诊鼓音，左下肺呼吸音明显降低，右肺散在少量干啰音，心界叩诊不清，心率92次/分，律齐，无病理性杂音，双下肢不肿。最可能的疾病是A．左侧气胸B．肺栓塞C．急性心肌梗死D．COPDE．肺大疖

单选题 有关乙脑的概念下列哪项是不正确的 ( ) A、乙脑是自然疫源性疾病 B、传染源是病人、家畜、家禽 C、猪作为传染源的意义比人重要 D、蚊虫既是传播媒介，又是乙脑病毒的长期储存宿主 E、人对乙脑病毒普遍易感，感染后多为潜伏性感染

单选题下列对逆转录病毒形态与结构描述不正确的是

单选题下列不符合甲状腺危象表现的是A．高热达39℃以上B．心牢＞140次/分C．厌食D．恶心、呕吐、腹泻E．白细胞总数和中性粒细胞常减低

单选题呼吸衰竭时下列检查中哪项符合代谢性酸中毒表现

单选题肺癌病人出现有杵状指伴库欣综合征时，下列哪项是不对的

单选题A．急性粟粒性肺结核B．急性空洞型肺结核C．局灶型肺结核D．千酪性肺炎 (2009年)

单选题下述有关假小叶的描述中，哪项不正确A．体积大小不等B．肝细胞索排列紊乱C．中央静脉偏位或缺如D．可见汇管区E．肝细胞异型性显著

单选题男，52岁，肝硬化住院，发生肝昏迷，用乳果糖治疗，其作用机制主要是