单选题 女，45岁，因患子宫肌瘤行子宫全切术后两周，阴道流清亮尿液。对确定损伤部位最有帮助的依据是: A、盆腔手术史 B、阴道内流尿液 C、阴道内能查到瘘孔 D、静注靛胭脂观察阴道漏尿颜色 E、向膀胱内注靛胭脂观察阴道尿颜色

单选题17岁男性患者，咽痛、咳嗽、发热后10天出现全身水肿、尿量减少，血压157．5／98mmHg，实验室检查：血红蛋白125g／L，白细胞5．7×10 9 ／L，尿蛋白(＋)，红细胞(＋＋＋＋)，白细胞0～3／HP，颗粒管型0～1／HP。下述哪种诊断可能性最大

单选题 中年男性，以往有慢性肝炎病史多年，近半年来感乏力，精神差，多次发生呕血，经保守治疗出血停止。查体发现肝肋下2指，呈结节状，脾大，腹水，下列哪项不是该人病人出现的并发症? A、食道胃底静脉曲张破裂 B、内痔破裂 C、腹水 D、脾亢 E、消化性溃疡

单选题硬膜外麻醉的严重并发症

单选题With the spread of inter-active electronic media a man alone in his own home will never have been so well placed to fill the inexplicable mental space between cradle and crematorium. So I suspect that books will be pushed more and more into those moments of travel or difficult defecation (1) people still don't quite know what to do with. When people do read, I think they'll want to feel they are reading literature, or (2) something serious. (3) you're going to find fewer books presenting themselves as no-nonsense and (4) assuming literary pretensions and being packaged as works of art. We can expect an extraordinary variety of genre, but with an underlying (5) of sentiment and vision. Translators can only (6) from this desire for the presumably sophisticated. We can look forward to lots of difficult names and fantastic stories of foreign parts enthusiastically (7) by the overall worship of the "global village". Much of this will be awful and some wonderful, (8) don't expect the press or the organizers of prizes to offer you much help in making the appropriate distinctions. They will be chiefly (9) in creating celebrity, the greatest enemy of discrimination, but a good prop for the (10) consumer. Every ethnic grouping over the world will have to be seen to have a great writer—a phenomenon that will (11) a new kind of provincialism, more chronological than geographic, (12) only the strictly contemporary is talked about and (13) Universities, including Cambridge, will include (14) their literature syllabus novels written only last year. (15) occasional exhumation for the Nobel, the achievements of ten or only five years ago will be largely forgotten. In short, you can't go too far wrong when predicting more of the same. But there is a (16) side to this—the inevitable reaction against it. The practical things I would like to see happen—publishers seeking less to (17) celebrity through extravagant advertising, (18) and magazines (19) space to reflective pieces—are rather more improbable than the Second Coming(耶稣复临). But dullness never quite darkens the whole planet. In their own idiosyncratic fashion a few writers will (20) be looking for new departures.

单选题患者，男性，76岁，因不能自行排尿10小时入院。患者曾有排尿困难3年，排尿时常出现尿流中断，改变姿势或稍活动后，又能恢复排尿。夜尿3～5次。体检：一般情况好，下腹膨胀，浊音界位于脐下2指。B超膀胱内2～4cm强光团数枚。若诊断明确应采用合理的治疗方法是

单选题男性，34岁，车祸后20分钟出现休克，腹穿检查提示腹腔内大量积血；留置尿管尿液呈淡血色，无血块；急诊超声显示脾破裂，左肾被膜下血肿2cm×2cm，肾轻度损伤。以下处理最为正确的是

单选题 一位病人输血约40ml时发生寒战、发热、呼吸困难、腰痛等症状，通常提示 A、溶血反应 B、非溶血性发热反应’ C、细菌污染 D、变态反应 E、枸橼酸盐的毒性

单选题易发生缺血性坏死的骨折

单选题下列有关体液的叙述，哪项是正确的A．成年女性的体液量约占体重的60%B．细胞内液量在男性约占体重的40%，绝大部分存在于骨骼肌中C．血浆约占体重的10%D．脑脊液、关节液、消化液等都属功能性细胞外液E．细胞外液和细胞内液的渗透压一般为260～280mmol/L

单选题诊断原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全最可靠的检测方法是

单选题对有便血，排便习惯改变的病人首先进行简便又十分重要的检查是A．直肠指检B．乙状结肠镜检C．纤维结肠镜检D．钡剂灌肠透视E．超声波检查

单选题患者，男性，30岁，突发高热寒战，会阴部疼痛，排尿痛，尿道有炎性分泌物，肛诊前列腺肿胀、压痛、局部温度升高，首先应考虑

单选题结石引起肾绞痛时，应首先采用（ ）

单选题A．蚤咬肾B．大白肾C．颗粒性同缩肾D．肾脏多数凹陷瘢痕

单选题A．间质细胞 B．支持细胞 C．附睾 D．生精小管

单选题男性患者，46岁，既往无消化性溃疡病。6小时前突然腹痛难忍，呈刀割样，自上腹开始，很快扩散至全腹。入院体检：血压90/65mmHg，心率100次/分，呼吸20次/分。患者表情痛苦、面色苍白，出冷汗。腹肌强直，全腹压痛反跳痛，以右下腹明显。患者最可能的诊断是

单选题 女，31岁，经常用冷水洗涤时，两手手指麻木疼痛，并见手部皮肤苍白，嗣后转为手指青紫手背潮红，中止冷水洗涤后15分钟，上述症状渐见缓解，约1小时后恢复正常.检查:一般情况好，心肺检查无殊，两侧肱、桡动脉搏动正常，左上臂血压为15/9.5kPa(110/70mmHg)，右侧为15/9.5kPa(112/70mmHg)，两上肢各关节及皮肤温度均正常。诊断首先考虑: A、手足紫绀症 B、腕管综合征 C、雷诺综合征 D、气锤病 E、胸廓出口综合征

单选题手术后肛门失禁是由于手术时损伤了（ ）

单选题女，55岁，腹痛3天，恶心，呕吐，不排便。查体：肥胖，右侧腹股沟区较左侧饱满伴压痛。腹部胀气，有数个液平面，诊断应该首先考虑