单选题在决定消费的因素中，最重要的是( )。 A．收入 B．政府开支 C．投资 D．利率

单选题经过通货膨胀调整的国内生产总值被称为( )。 A．国民生产总值 B．国内生产总值 C．国内生产净值 D．实际国内生产总值

单选题假设比例税制下，政府购买支出对国民产出的影响，在存在所得税时要比在没有所得税时( )。 A．大 B．小 C．取决于边际消费倾向 D．不能确定

单选题如果GDP缩减指数从去年到今年上升了4/%，而实际GDP增加了3/%，则名义GDP( )。 A．上升约1/% B．下降约1/% C．上升约7/% D．上升，但是处于1/%到7/%之间，具体情形依赖于初始的GDP水平

单选题实际利率和储蓄之间的关系是( )。 A．实际利率上升，将导致储蓄上升 B．实际利率上升，将导致储蓄下降 C．实际利率上升，既有可能导致储蓄上升，也有可能导致储蓄下降，两者之间的关系难以确定 D．实际利率上升，不会导致储蓄有任何改变，两者之间没有任何关系

单选题在简单的国民经济循环中，C=60+0.8y，y=800亿元，当Ｉ= 时，国民经济处于均衡。

单选题IS曲线为Y=500-3000R ，下列哪一个利率和收入水平的组合在IS曲线上。

单选题总需求曲线向右下方倾斜是由于( )。 A．价格水平上升时，投资会减少 B．价格水平上升时，消费会减少 C．价格水平上升时，净出口会减少 D．以上几个因素都是

单选题据统计，英国2000年成年人总数大概为46500000，劳动参与率为63.5/%，失业率为5.8/%。则就业人数和失业人数分别是( )。 A．大约29500000和2700000 B．大约29500000和1700000 C．大约27800000和2700000 D．大约27800000和1700000

单选题考虑一个三部门经济模型，边际消费倾向为0.75，总量税制下的税收增加10亿美元，将导致储蓄( )。 A．减少30亿美元 B．减少10亿美元 C．增加10亿美元 D．增加30亿美元

单选题经济学家通常评价经济模型的标准是 。

单选题Since the 1930s, the idea that creatures might advertise their " fitness " as mates through symmetry has been around. It rests on the notion that factors ranging from bad genes to coming off worse in too many fights will lead to asymmetries others can see. And over the past few years, experiments with animals and humans seemed to support the idea that symmetry in features such as plumage and facial characteristics influences mate selection. But no one had actually checked that the animals in these experiments can actually see the subtle differences in symmetry, typically of between 1 and 2 percent. Now the first such experiment has been carried out. The results are worrying for advocates of symmetry detection as a powerful factor in mate selection. John Swaddle, an ethnologist at the University of Bristol, performed the experiment using wild starlings, which have excellent eyesight. He trained them to hit keys marked with bar patterns with varying levels of asymmetry in order to receive food rewards. This showed the starlings could easily detect asymmetries of between 5 and 10 percent. But at between 1 and 2 percent, their performance plummeted to no better than random guessing. " This suggests that the levels of asymmetry that birds encounter in nature will often be just too small to be detected, " says Swaddle. He says experiments that linked small asymmetries to fitness may have produced misleading correlations, and says the only direct evidence that birds use asymmetry as a cue to mate fitness involves levels of asymmetry of at least 10 percent. " I think signaling by asymmetry will probably only occur when species show such very large asymmetries—and this doesn't occur that often. " This raises questions about research suggesting that humans are influenced by visual asymmetry in their choice of partner. Michael Butt of the Perception Laboratory at the University of St. Andrews, who has carried out such experiments, concedes that no one has ever checked if humans have a threshold to asymmetry detection. He thinks a conclusive test of this would probably involve manipulating complex three-dimensional images: " It would be a very difficult experiment to do " Burt adds that the abilities of animals to detect asymmetry in bar patterns may not reflect their talent for spotting asymmetries in body shape. " The visibility of an asymmetry may well depend on its type, " he says. Swaddle agrees, and is planning further experiments. " But I suspect that asymmetry is used as a visual cue less often than most people appear to presume, " he warns.

单选题如果在某一时期内国民收入增加，则净投资肯定 。

单选题实际经济周期理论认为 是经济波动的根源。

单选题在凯恩斯区域内，

单选题在浮动汇率制度下，本国货币供给增加，

单选题衡量一国开放程度高低的标准是

单选题在封闭经济中，影响总投资的主要制约因素是( )。 A．可供投资者使用的储蓄总额 B．普遍的利率水平 C．股市行情 D．以上都不是，因为不存在这样一种单一的因素

单选题边际消费倾向和边际储蓄倾向的关系是( )。 A．由于边际收入的一部分转化为边际的消费支出，其余部分则转化为边际的储蓄支出，因而它们的和必然等于1 B．由于可支配收入划分为消费和储蓄，因而它们之和必然表示为现期收到的可支配收入的总额 C．它们之问的比例一定是平均消费倾向 D．它们之和必然等于零

单选题当消费函数为C=C0+cY，C0＞0，1＞c＞0这表明，平均消费倾向( )。 A．大于边际消费倾向 B．小于边际消费倾向 C．等于边际消费倾向 D．以上三种情况都可能